SMB.CONF(5) File Formats and Conventions SMB.CONF(5)NAME
smb.conf - The configuration file for the Samba suite
SYNOPSIS
The smb.conf file is a configuration file for the Samba suite.
smb.conf contains runtime configuration information for the Samba
programs. The smb.conf file is designed to be configured and
administered by the swat(8) program. The complete description of the
file format and possible parameters held within are here for reference
purposes.
FILE FORMAT
The file consists of sections and parameters. A section begins with the
name of the section in square brackets and continues until the next
section begins. Sections contain parameters of the form:
name = value
The file is line-based - that is, each newline-terminated line
represents either a comment, a section name or a parameter.
Section and parameter names are not case sensitive.
Only the first equals sign in a parameter is significant. Whitespace
before or after the first equals sign is discarded. Leading, trailing
and internal whitespace in section and parameter names is irrelevant.
Leading and trailing whitespace in a parameter value is discarded.
Internal whitespace within a parameter value is retained verbatim.
Any line beginning with a semicolon (“;”) or a hash (“#”) character is
ignored, as are lines containing only whitespace.
Any line ending in a “\” is continued on the next line in the customary
UNIX fashion.
The values following the equals sign in parameters are all either a
string (no quotes needed) or a boolean, which may be given as yes/no,
1/0 or true/false. Case is not significant in boolean values, but is
preserved in string values. Some items such as create masks are
numeric.
SECTION DESCRIPTIONS
Each section in the configuration file (except for the [global]
section) describes a shared resource (known as a “share”). The section
name is the name of the shared resource and the parameters within the
section define the shares attributes.
There are three special sections, [global], [homes] and [printers],
which are described under special sections. The following notes apply
to ordinary section descriptions.
A share consists of a directory to which access is being given plus a
description of the access rights which are granted to the user of the
service. Some housekeeping options are also specifiable.
Sections are either file share services (used by the client as an
extension of their native file systems) or printable services (used by
the client to access print services on the host running the server).
Sections may be designated guest services, in which case no password is
required to access them. A specified UNIX guest account is used to
define access privileges in this case.
Sections other than guest services will require a password to access
them. The client provides the username. As older clients only provide
passwords and not usernames, you may specify a list of usernames to
check against the password using the user = option in the share
definition. For modern clients such as Windows 95/98/ME/NT/2000, this
should not be necessary.
The access rights granted by the server are masked by the access rights
granted to the specified or guest UNIX user by the host system. The
server does not grant more access than the host system grants.
The following sample section defines a file space share. The user has
write access to the path /home/bar. The share is accessed via the share
name foo:
[foo]
path = /home/bar
read only = no
The following sample section defines a printable share. The share is
read-only, but printable. That is, the only write access permitted is
via calls to open, write to and close a spool file. The guest ok
parameter means access will be permitted as the default guest user
(specified elsewhere):
[aprinter]
path = /usr/spool/public
read only = yes
printable = yes
guest ok = yes
SPECIAL SECTIONS
The [global] section
Parameters in this section apply to the server as a whole, or are
defaults for sections that do not specifically define certain items.
See the notes under PARAMETERS for more information.
The [homes] section
If a section called [homes] is included in the configuration file,
services connecting clients to their home directories can be created on
the fly by the server.
When the connection request is made, the existing sections are scanned.
If a match is found, it is used. If no match is found, the requested
section name is treated as a username and looked up in the local
password file. If the name exists and the correct password has been
given, a share is created by cloning the [homes] section.
Some modifications are then made to the newly created share:
· The share name is changed from homes to the located username.
· If no path was given, the path is set to the user´s home directory.
If you decide to use a path = line in your [homes] section, it may be
useful to use the %S macro. For example:
path = /data/pchome/%S
is useful if you have different home directories for your PCs than for
UNIX access.
This is a fast and simple way to give a large number of clients access
to their home directories with a minimum of fuss.
A similar process occurs if the requested section name is “homes”,
except that the share name is not changed to that of the requesting
user. This method of using the [homes] section works well if different
users share a client PC.
The [homes] section can specify all the parameters a normal service
section can specify, though some make more sense than others. The
following is a typical and suitable [homes] section:
[homes]
read only = no
An important point is that if guest access is specified in the [homes]
section, all home directories will be visible to all clients without a
password. In the very unlikely event that this is actually desirable,
it is wise to also specify read only access.
The browseable flag for auto home directories will be inherited from
the global browseable flag, not the [homes] browseable flag. This is
useful as it means setting browseable = no in the [homes] section will
hide the [homes] share but make any auto home directories visible.
The [printers] section
This section works like [homes], but for printers.
If a [printers] section occurs in the configuration file, users are
able to connect to any printer specified in the local host´s printcap
file.
When a connection request is made, the existing sections are scanned.
If a match is found, it is used. If no match is found, but a [homes]
section exists, it is used as described above. Otherwise, the requested
section name is treated as a printer name and the appropriate printcap
file is scanned to see if the requested section name is a valid printer
share name. If a match is found, a new printer share is created by
cloning the [printers] section.
A few modifications are then made to the newly created share:
· The share name is set to the located printer name
· If no printer name was given, the printer name is set to the
located printer name
· If the share does not permit guest access and no username was
given, the username is set to the located printer name.
The [printers] service MUST be printable - if you specify otherwise,
the server will refuse to load the configuration file.
Typically the path specified is that of a world-writeable spool
directory with the sticky bit set on it. A typical [printers] entry
looks like this:
[printers]
path = /usr/spool/public
guest ok = yes
printable = yes
All aliases given for a printer in the printcap file are legitimate
printer names as far as the server is concerned. If your printing
subsystem doesn´t work like that, you will have to set up a
pseudo-printcap. This is a file consisting of one or more lines like
this:
alias|alias|alias|alias...
Each alias should be an acceptable printer name for your printing
subsystem. In the [global] section, specify the new file as your
printcap. The server will only recognize names found in your
pseudo-printcap, which of course can contain whatever aliases you like.
The same technique could be used simply to limit access to a subset of
your local printers.
An alias, by the way, is defined as any component of the first entry of
a printcap record. Records are separated by newlines, components (if
there are more than one) are separated by vertical bar symbols (|).
Note
On SYSV systems which use lpstat to determine what printers are
defined on the system you may be able to use printcap name = lpstat
to automatically obtain a list of printers. See the printcap name
option for more details.
USERSHARES
Starting with Samba version 3.0.23 the capability for non-root users to
add, modify, and delete their own share definitions has been added.
This capability is called usershares and is controlled by a set of
parameters in the [global] section of the smb.conf. The relevant
parameters are :
usershare allow guests
Controls if usershares can permit guest access.
usershare max shares
Maximum number of user defined shares allowed.
usershare owner only
If set only directories owned by the sharing user can be shared.
usershare path
Points to the directory containing the user defined share
definitions. The filesystem permissions on this directory control
who can create user defined shares.
usershare prefix allow list
Comma-separated list of absolute pathnames restricting what
directories can be shared. Only directories below the pathnames in
this list are permitted.
usershare prefix deny list
Comma-separated list of absolute pathnames restricting what
directories can be shared. Directories below the pathnames in this
list are prohibited.
usershare template share
Names a pre-existing share used as a template for creating new
usershares. All other share parameters not specified in the user
defined share definition are copied from this named share.
To allow members of the UNIX group foo to create user defined shares,
create the directory to contain the share definitions as follows:
Become root:
mkdir /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares
chgrp foo /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares
chmod 1770 /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares
Then add the parameters
usershare path = /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares
usershare max shares = 10 # (or the desired number of shares)
to the global section of your smb.conf. Members of the group foo may
then manipulate the user defined shares using the following commands.
net usershare add sharename path [comment] [acl] [guest_ok=[y|n]]
To create or modify (overwrite) a user defined share.
net usershare delete sharename
To delete a user defined share.
net usershare list wildcard-sharename
To list user defined shares.
net usershare info wildcard-sharename
To print information about user defined shares.
PARAMETERS
Parameters define the specific attributes of sections.
Some parameters are specific to the [global] section (e.g., security).
Some parameters are usable in all sections (e.g., create mask). All
others are permissible only in normal sections. For the purposes of the
following descriptions the [homes] and [printers] sections will be
considered normal. The letter G in parentheses indicates that a
parameter is specific to the [global] section. The letter S indicates
that a parameter can be specified in a service specific section. All S
parameters can also be specified in the [global] section - in which
case they will define the default behavior for all services.
Parameters are arranged here in alphabetical order - this may not
create best bedfellows, but at least you can find them! Where there are
synonyms, the preferred synonym is described, others refer to the
preferred synonym.
VARIABLE SUBSTITUTIONS
Many of the strings that are settable in the config file can take
substitutions. For example the option “path = /tmp/%u” is interpreted
as “path = /tmp/john” if the user connected with the username john.
These substitutions are mostly noted in the descriptions below, but
there are some general substitutions which apply whenever they might be
relevant. These are:
%U
session username (the username that the client wanted, not
necessarily the same as the one they got).
%G
primary group name of %U.
%h
the Internet hostname that Samba is running on.
%m
the NetBIOS name of the client machine (very useful).
This parameter is not available when Samba listens on port 445, as
clients no longer send this information. If you use this macro in
an include statement on a domain that has a Samba domain controller
be sure to set in the [global] section smb ports = 139. This will
cause Samba to not listen on port 445 and will permit include
functionality to function as it did with Samba 2.x.
%L
the NetBIOS name of the server. This allows you to change your
config based on what the client calls you. Your server can have a
“dual personality”.
%M
the Internet name of the client machine.
%R
the selected protocol level after protocol negotiation. It can be
one of CORE, COREPLUS, LANMAN1, LANMAN2 or NT1.
%d
the process id of the current server process.
%a
The architecture of the remote machine. It currently recognizes
Samba (Samba), the Linux CIFS file system (CIFSFS), OS/2, (OS2),
Windows for Workgroups (WfWg), Windows 9x/ME (Win95), Windows NT
(WinNT), Windows 2000 (Win2K), Windows XP (WinXP), Windows XP
64-bit(WinXP64), Windows 2003 including 2003R2 (Win2K3), and
Windows Vista (Vista). Anything else will be known as UNKNOWN.
%I
the IP address of the client machine.
%i
the local IP address to which a client connected.
%T
the current date and time.
%D
name of the domain or workgroup of the current user.
%w
the winbind separator.
%$(envvar)
the value of the environment variable envar.
The following substitutes apply only to some configuration options
(only those that are used when a connection has been established):
%S
the name of the current service, if any.
%P
the root directory of the current service, if any.
%u
username of the current service, if any.
%g
primary group name of %u.
%H
the home directory of the user given by %u.
%N
the name of your NIS home directory server. This is obtained from
your NIS auto.map entry. If you have not compiled Samba with the
--with-automount option, this value will be the same as %L.
%p
the path of the service´s home directory, obtained from your NIS
auto.map entry. The NIS auto.map entry is split up as %N:%p.
There are some quite creative things that can be done with these
substitutions and other smb.conf options.
NAME MANGLING
Samba supports name mangling so that DOS and Windows clients can use
files that don´t conform to the 8.3 format. It can also be set to
adjust the case of 8.3 format filenames.
There are several options that control the way mangling is performed,
and they are grouped here rather than listed separately. For the
defaults look at the output of the testparm program.
These options can be set separately for each service.
The options are:
case sensitive = yes/no/auto
controls whether filenames are case sensitive. If they aren´t,
Samba must do a filename search and match on passed names. The
default setting of auto allows clients that support case sensitive
filenames (Linux CIFSVFS and smbclient 3.0.5 and above currently)
to tell the Samba server on a per-packet basis that they wish to
access the file system in a case-sensitive manner (to support UNIX
case sensitive semantics). No Windows or DOS system supports
case-sensitive filename so setting this option to auto is that same
as setting it to no for them. Default auto.
default case = upper/lower
controls what the default case is for new filenames (ie. files that
don´t currently exist in the filesystem). Default lower. IMPORTANT
NOTE: This option will be used to modify the case of all incoming
client filenames, not just new filenames if the options case
sensitive = yes, preserve case = No, short preserve case = No are
set. This change is needed as part of the optimisations for
directories containing large numbers of files.
preserve case = yes/no
controls whether new files (ie. files that don´t currently exist in
the filesystem) are created with the case that the client passes,
or if they are forced to be the default case. Default yes.
short preserve case = yes/no
controls if new files (ie. files that don´t currently exist in the
filesystem) which conform to 8.3 syntax, that is all in upper case
and of suitable length, are created upper case, or if they are
forced to be the default case. This option can be used with
preserve case = yes to permit long filenames to retain their case,
while short names are lowercased. Default yes.
By default, Samba 3.0 has the same semantics as a Windows NT server, in
that it is case insensitive but case preserving. As a special case for
directories with large numbers of files, if the case options are set as
follows, "case sensitive = yes", "case preserve = no", "short preserve
case = no" then the "default case" option will be applied and will
modify all filenames sent from the client when accessing this share.
NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION
There are a number of ways in which a user can connect to a service.
The server uses the following steps in determining if it will allow a
connection to a specified service. If all the steps fail, the
connection request is rejected. However, if one of the steps succeeds,
the following steps are not checked.
If the service is marked “guest only = yes” and the server is running
with share-level security (“security = share”, steps 1 to 5 are
skipped.
1. If the client has passed a username/password pair and that
username/password pair is validated by the UNIX system´s password
programs, the connection is made as that username. This includes
the \\server\service%username method of passing a username.
2. If the client has previously registered a username with the system
and now supplies a correct password for that username, the
connection is allowed.
3. The client´s NetBIOS name and any previously used usernames are
checked against the supplied password. If they match, the
connection is allowed as the corresponding user.
4. If the client has previously validated a username/password pair
with the server and the client has passed the validation token,
that username is used.
5. If a user = field is given in the smb.conf file for the service and
the client has supplied a password, and that password matches
(according to the UNIX system´s password checking) with one of the
usernames from the user = field, the connection is made as the
username in the user = line. If one of the usernames in the user =
list begins with a @, that name expands to a list of names in the
group of the same name.
6. If the service is a guest service, a connection is made as the
username given in the guest account = for the service, irrespective
of the supplied password.
REGISTRY-BASED CONFIGURATION
Starting with Samba version 3.2.0, the capability to store Samba
configuration in the registry is available. The configuration is stored
in the registry key HKLM\Software\Samba\smbconf. There are two levels
of registry configuration:
1. Share definitions stored in registry are used. This is triggered by
setting the global parameter registry shares to “yes” in smb.conf.
The registry shares are loaded not at startup but on demand at
runtime by smbd. Shares defined in smb.conf take priority over
shares of the same name defined in registry.
2. Global smb.conf options stored in registry are used. This can be
activated in two different ways:
Firstly, a registry only configuration is triggered by setting
config backend = registry in the [global] section of smb.conf. This
resets everything that has been read from config files to this
point and reads the content of the global configuration section
from the registry. This is the recommended method of using registry
based configuration.
Secondly, a mixed configuration can be activated by a special new
meaning of the parameter include = registry in the [global] section
of smb.conf. This reads the global options from registry with the
same priorities as for an include of a text file. This may be
especially useful in cases where an initial configuration is needed
to access the registry.
Activation of global registry options automatically activates
registry shares. So in the registry only case, shares are loaded on
demand only.
Note: To make registry-based configurations foolproof at least to a
certain extent, the use of lock directory and config backend inside the
registry configuration has been disabled: Especially by changing the
lock directory inside the registry configuration, one would create a
broken setup where the daemons do not see the configuration they loaded
once it is active.
The registry configuration can be accessed with tools like regedit or
net (rpc) registry in the key HKLM\Software\Samba\smbconf. More
conveniently, the conf subcommand of the net(8) utility offers a
dedicated interface to read and write the registry based configuration
locally, i.e. directly accessing the database file, circumventing the
server.
EXPLANATION OF EACH PARAMETER
abort shutdown script (G)
This a full path name to a script called by smbd(8) that should
stop a shutdown procedure issued by the shutdown script.
If the connected user posseses the SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege,
right, this command will be run as root.
Default: abort shutdown script = ""
Example: abort shutdown script = /sbin/shutdown -c
access based share enum (S)
If this parameter is yes for a service, then the share hosted by
the service will only be visible to users who have read or write
access to the share during share enumeration (for example net view
\\sambaserver). This has parallels to access based enumeration, the
main difference being that only share permissions are evaluated,
and security descriptors on files contained on the share are not
used in computing enumeration access rights.
Default: access based share enum = no
acl check permissions (S)
This boolean parameter controls what smbd(8)does on receiving a
protocol request of "open for delete" from a Windows client. If a
Windows client doesn´t have permissions to delete a file then they
expect this to be denied at open time. POSIX systems normally only
detect restrictions on delete by actually attempting to delete the
file or directory. As Windows clients can (and do) "back out" a
delete request by unsetting the "delete on close" bit Samba cannot
delete the file immediately on "open for delete" request as we
cannot restore such a deleted file. With this parameter set to true
(the default) then smbd checks the file system permissions directly
on "open for delete" and denies the request without actually
deleting the file if the file system permissions would seem to deny
it. This is not perfect, as it´s possible a user could have deleted
a file without Samba being able to check the permissions correctly,
but it is close enough to Windows semantics for mostly correct
behaviour. Samba will correctly check POSIX ACL semantics in this
case.
If this parameter is set to "false" Samba doesn´t check permissions
on "open for delete" and allows the open. If the user doesn´t have
permission to delete the file this will only be discovered at close
time, which is too late for the Windows user tools to display an
error message to the user. The symptom of this is files that appear
to have been deleted "magically" re-appearing on a Windows explorer
refresh. This is an extremely advanced protocol option which should
not need to be changed. This parameter was introduced in its final
form in 3.0.21, an earlier version with slightly different
semantics was introduced in 3.0.20. That older version is not
documented here.
Default: acl check permissions = True
acl compatibility (G)
This parameter specifies what OS ACL semantics should be compatible
with. Possible values are winnt for Windows NT 4, win2k for Windows
2000 and above and auto. If you specify auto, the value for this
parameter will be based upon the version of the client. There
should be no reason to change this parameter from the default.
Default: acl compatibility = Auto
Example: acl compatibility = win2k
acl group control (S)
In a POSIX filesystem, only the owner of a file or directory and
the superuser can modify the permissions and ACLs on a file. If
this parameter is set, then Samba overrides this restriction, and
also allows the primary group owner of a file or directory to
modify the permissions and ACLs on that file.
On a Windows server, groups may be the owner of a file or directory
- thus allowing anyone in that group to modify the permissions on
it. This allows the delegation of security controls on a point in
the filesystem to the group owner of a directory and anything below
it also owned by that group. This means there are multiple people
with permissions to modify ACLs on a file or directory, easing
managability.
This parameter allows Samba to also permit delegation of the
control over a point in the exported directory hierarchy in much
the same way as Windows. This allows all members of a UNIX group to
control the permissions on a file or directory they have group
ownership on.
This parameter is best used with the inherit owner option and also
on on a share containing directories with the UNIX setgid bit set
on them, which causes new files and directories created within it
to inherit the group ownership from the containing directory.
This is parameter has been was deprecated in Samba 3.0.23, but
re-activated in Samba 3.0.31 and above, as it now only controls
permission changes if the user is in the owning primary group. It
is now no longer equivalent to the dos filemode option.
Default: acl group control = no
acl map full control (S)
This boolean parameter controls whether smbd(8)maps a POSIX ACE
entry of "rwx" (read/write/execute), the maximum allowed POSIX
permission set, into a Windows ACL of "FULL CONTROL". If this
parameter is set to true any POSIX ACE entry of "rwx" will be
returned in a Windows ACL as "FULL CONTROL", is this parameter is
set to false any POSIX ACE entry of "rwx" will be returned as the
specific Windows ACL bits representing read, write and execute.
Default: acl map full control = True
add group script (G)
This is the full pathname to a script that will be run AS ROOT by
smbd(8) when a new group is requested. It will expand any %g to the
group name passed. This script is only useful for installations
using the Windows NT domain administration tools. The script is
free to create a group with an arbitrary name to circumvent unix
group name restrictions. In that case the script must print the
numeric gid of the created group on stdout.
Default: add group script =
Example: add group script = /usr/sbin/groupadd %g
add machine script (G)
This is the full pathname to a script that will be run by smbd(8)
when a machine is added to Samba´s domain and a Unix account
matching the machine´s name appended with a "$" does not already
exist.
This option is very similar to the add user script, and likewise
uses the %u substitution for the account name. Do not use the %m
substitution.
Default: add machine script =
Example for Debian: add machine script = /usr/sbin/adduser
--disabled-password --ingroup machines --gecos Machine --home
/var/lib/samba --shell /bin/false %u
add port command (G)
Samba 3.0.23 introduced support for adding printer ports remotely
using the Windows "Add Standard TCP/IP Port Wizard". This option
defines an external program to be executed when smbd receives a
request to add a new Port to the system. The script is passed two
parameters:
· port name
· device URI
The deviceURI is in the for of socket://<hostname>[:<portnumber>]
or lpd://<hostname>/<queuename>.
Default: add port command =
Example: add port command = /etc/samba/scripts/addport.sh
addprinter command (G)
With the introduction of MS-RPC based printing support for Windows
NT/2000 clients in Samba 2.2, The MS Add Printer Wizard (APW) icon
is now also available in the "Printers..." folder displayed a share
listing. The APW allows for printers to be add remotely to a Samba
or Windows NT/2000 print server.
For a Samba host this means that the printer must be physically
added to the underlying printing system. The addprinter command
defines a script to be run which will perform the necessary
operations for adding the printer to the print system and to add
the appropriate service definition to the smb.conf file in order
that it can be shared by smbd(8).
The addprinter command is automatically invoked with the following
parameter (in order):
· printer name
· share name
· port name
· driver name
· location
· Windows 9x driver location
All parameters are filled in from the PRINTER_INFO_2 structure sent
by the Windows NT/2000 client with one exception. The "Windows 9x
driver location" parameter is included for backwards compatibility
only. The remaining fields in the structure are generated from
answers to the APW questions.
Once the addprinter command has been executed, smbd will reparse
the
smb.conf to determine if the share defined by the APW exists. If
the sharename is still invalid, then smbd will return an
ACCESS_DENIED error to the client.
The addprinter command program can output a single line of text,
which Samba will set as the port the new printer is connected to.
If this line isn´t output, Samba won´t reload its printer shares.
Default: addprinter command =
Example: addprinter command = /usr/bin/addprinter
add share command (G)
Samba 2.2.0 introduced the ability to dynamically add and delete
shares via the Windows NT 4.0 Server Manager. The add share command
is used to define an external program or script which will add a
new service definition to smb.conf.
In order to successfully execute the add share command, smbd
requires that the administrator connects using a root account (i.e.
uid == 0) or has the SeDiskOperatorPrivilege. Scripts defined in
the add share command parameter are executed as root.
When executed, smbd will automatically invoke the add share command
with five parameters.
· configFile - the location of the global smb.conf file.
· shareName - the name of the new share.
· pathName - path to an **existing** directory on disk.
· comment - comment string to associate with the new share.
· max connections Number of maximum simultaneous connections to
this share.
This parameter is only used to add file shares. To add printer
shares, see the addprinter command.
Default: add share command =
Example: add share command = /usr/local/bin/addshare
add user script (G)
This is the full pathname to a script that will be run AS ROOT by
smbd(8) under special circumstances described below.
Normally, a Samba server requires that UNIX users are created for
all users accessing files on this server. For sites that use
Windows NT account databases as their primary user database
creating these users and keeping the user list in sync with the
Windows NT PDC is an onerous task. This option allows smbd to
create the required UNIX users ON DEMAND when a user accesses the
Samba server.
In order to use this option, smbd(8) must NOT be set to security =
share and add user script must be set to a full pathname for a
script that will create a UNIX user given one argument of %u, which
expands into the UNIX user name to create.
When the Windows user attempts to access the Samba server, at login
(session setup in the SMB protocol) time, smbd(8) contacts the
password server and attempts to authenticate the given user with
the given password. If the authentication succeeds then smbd
attempts to find a UNIX user in the UNIX password database to map
the Windows user into. If this lookup fails, and add user script is
set then smbd will call the specified script AS ROOT, expanding any
%u argument to be the user name to create.
If this script successfully creates the user then smbd will
continue on as though the UNIX user already existed. In this way,
UNIX users are dynamically created to match existing Windows NT
accounts.
See also security, password server, delete user script.
Default: add user script =
Example: add user script = /usr/local/samba/bin/add_user %u
add user to group script (G)
Full path to the script that will be called when a user is added to
a group using the Windows NT domain administration tools. It will
be run by smbd(8) AS ROOT. Any %g will be replaced with the group
name and any %u will be replaced with the user name.
Note that the adduser command used in the example below does not
support the used syntax on all systems.
Default: add user to group script =
Example: add user to group script = /usr/sbin/adduser %u %g
administrative share (S)
If this parameter is set to yes for a share, then the share will be
an administrative share. The Administrative Shares are the default
network shares created by all Windows NT-based operating systems.
These are shares like C$, D$ or ADMIN$. The type of these shares is
STYPE_DISKTREE_HIDDEN.
See the section below on security for more information about this
option.
Default: administrative share = no
admin users (S)
This is a list of users who will be granted administrative
privileges on the share. This means that they will do all file
operations as the super-user (root).
You should use this option very carefully, as any user in this list
will be able to do anything they like on the share, irrespective of
file permissions.
This parameter will not work with the security = share in Samba
3.0. This is by design.
Default: admin users =
Example: admin users = jason
afs share (S)
This parameter controls whether special AFS features are enabled
for this share. If enabled, it assumes that the directory exported
via the path parameter is a local AFS import. The special AFS
features include the attempt to hand-craft an AFS token if you
enabled --with-fake-kaserver in configure.
Default: afs share = no
afs username map (G)
If you are using the fake kaserver AFS feature, you might want to
hand-craft the usernames you are creating tokens for. For example
this is necessary if you have users from several domain in your AFS
Protection Database. One possible scheme to code users as
DOMAIN+User as it is done by winbind with the + as a separator.
The mapped user name must contain the cell name to log into, so
without setting this parameter there will be no token.
Default: afs username map =
Example: afs username map = %u@afs.samba.org
aio read size (S)
If Samba has been built with asynchronous I/O support and this
integer parameter is set to non-zero value, Samba will read from
file asynchronously when size of request is bigger than this value.
Note that it happens only for non-chained and non-chaining reads
and when not using write cache.
Current implementation of asynchronous I/O in Samba 3.0 does
support only up to 10 outstanding asynchronous requests, read and
write combined.
Related command: write cache size
Related command: aio write size
Default: aio read size = 0
Example: aio read size = 16384 # Use asynchronous I/O for reads
bigger than 16KB request size
aio write behind (S)
If Samba has been built with asynchronous I/O support, Samba will
not wait until write requests are finished before returning the
result to the client for files listed in this parameter. Instead,
Samba will immediately return that the write request has been
finished successfully, no matter if the operation will succeed or
not. This might speed up clients without aio support, but is really
dangerous, because data could be lost and files could be damaged.
The syntax is identical to the veto files parameter.
Default: aio write behind =
Example: aio write behind = /*.tmp/
aio write size (S)
If Samba has been built with asynchronous I/O support and this
integer parameter is set to non-zero value, Samba will write to
file asynchronously when size of request is bigger than this value.
Note that it happens only for non-chained and non-chaining reads
and when not using write cache.
Current implementation of asynchronous I/O in Samba 3.0 does
support only up to 10 outstanding asynchronous requests, read and
write combined.
Related command: write cache size
Related command: aio read size
Default: aio write size = 0
Example: aio write size = 16384 # Use asynchronous I/O for writes
bigger than 16KB request size
algorithmic rid base (G)
This determines how Samba will use its algorithmic mapping from
uids/gid to the RIDs needed to construct NT Security Identifiers.
Setting this option to a larger value could be useful to sites
transitioning from WinNT and Win2k, as existing user and group rids
would otherwise clash with sytem users etc.
All UIDs and GIDs must be able to be resolved into SIDs for the
correct operation of ACLs on the server. As such the algorithmic
mapping can´t be ´turned off´, but pushing it ´out of the way´
should resolve the issues. Users and groups can then be assigned
´low´ RIDs in arbitrary-rid supporting backends.
Default: algorithmic rid base = 1000
Example: algorithmic rid base = 100000
allocation roundup size (S)
This parameter allows an administrator to tune the allocation size
reported to Windows clients. The default size of 1Mb generally
results in improved Windows client performance. However, rounding
the allocation size may cause difficulties for some applications,
e.g. MS Visual Studio. If the MS Visual Studio compiler starts to
crash with an internal error, set this parameter to zero for this
share.
The integer parameter specifies the roundup size in bytes.
Default: allocation roundup size = 1048576
Example: allocation roundup size = 0 # (to disable roundups)
allow trusted domains (G)
This option only takes effect when the security option is set to
server, domain or ads. If it is set to no, then attempts to connect
to a resource from a domain or workgroup other than the one which
smbd is running in will fail, even if that domain is trusted by the
remote server doing the authentication.
This is useful if you only want your Samba server to serve
resources to users in the domain it is a member of. As an example,
suppose that there are two domains DOMA and DOMB. DOMB is trusted
by DOMA, which contains the Samba server. Under normal
circumstances, a user with an account in DOMB can then access the
resources of a UNIX account with the same account name on the Samba
server even if they do not have an account in DOMA. This can make
implementing a security boundary difficult.
Default: allow trusted domains = yes
announce as (G)
This specifies what type of server nmbd(8) will announce itself as,
to a network neighborhood browse list. By default this is set to
Windows NT. The valid options are : "NT Server" (which can also be
written as "NT"), "NT Workstation", "Win95" or "WfW" meaning
Windows NT Server, Windows NT Workstation, Windows 95 and Windows
for Workgroups respectively. Do not change this parameter unless
you have a specific need to stop Samba appearing as an NT server as
this may prevent Samba servers from participating as browser
servers correctly.
Default: announce as = NT Server
Example: announce as = Win95
announce version (G)
This specifies the major and minor version numbers that nmbd will
use when announcing itself as a server. The default is 4.9. Do not
change this parameter unless you have a specific need to set a
Samba server to be a downlevel server.
Default: announce version = 4.9
Example: announce version = 2.0
auth methods (G)
This option allows the administrator to chose what authentication
methods smbd will use when authenticating a user. This option
defaults to sensible values based on security. This should be
considered a developer option and used only in rare circumstances.
In the majority (if not all) of production servers, the default
setting should be adequate.
Each entry in the list attempts to authenticate the user in turn,
until the user authenticates. In practice only one method will ever
actually be able to complete the authentication.
Possible options include guest (anonymous access), sam (lookups in
local list of accounts based on netbios name or domain name),
winbind (relay authentication requests for remote users through
winbindd), ntdomain (pre-winbindd method of authentication for
remote domain users; deprecated in favour of winbind method),
trustdomain (authenticate trusted users by contacting the remote DC
directly from smbd; deprecated in favour of winbind method).
Default: auth methods =
Example: auth methods = guest sam winbind
available (S)
This parameter lets you "turn off" a service. If available = no,
then ALL attempts to connect to the service will fail. Such
failures are logged.
Default: available = yes
bind interfaces only (G)
This global parameter allows the Samba admin to limit what
interfaces on a machine will serve SMB requests. It affects file
service smbd(8) and name service nmbd(8) in a slightly different
ways.
For name service it causes nmbd to bind to ports 137 and 138 on the
interfaces listed in the interfaces parameter. nmbd also binds to
the "all addresses" interface (0.0.0.0) on ports 137 and 138 for
the purposes of reading broadcast messages. If this option is not
set then nmbd will service name requests on all of these sockets.
If bind interfaces only is set then nmbd will check the source
address of any packets coming in on the broadcast sockets and
discard any that don´t match the broadcast addresses of the
interfaces in the interfaces parameter list. As unicast packets are
received on the other sockets it allows nmbd to refuse to serve
names to machines that send packets that arrive through any
interfaces not listed in the interfaces list. IP Source address
spoofing does defeat this simple check, however, so it must not be
used seriously as a security feature for nmbd.
For file service it causes smbd(8) to bind only to the interface
list given in the interfaces parameter. This restricts the networks
that smbd will serve, to packets coming in on those interfaces.
Note that you should not use this parameter for machines that are
serving PPP or other intermittent or non-broadcast network
interfaces as it will not cope with non-permanent interfaces.
If bind interfaces only is set and the network address 127.0.0.1 is
not added to the interfaces parameter list smbpasswd(8) and swat(8)
may not work as expected due to the reasons covered below.
To change a users SMB password, the smbpasswd by default connects
to the localhost - 127.0.0.1 address as an SMB client to issue the
password change request. If bind interfaces only is set then unless
the network address 127.0.0.1 is added to the interfaces parameter
list then
smbpasswd will fail to connect in it´s default mode. smbpasswd
can be forced to use the primary IP interface of the local host by
using its smbpasswd(8)-r remote machine parameter, with remote
machine set to the IP name of the primary interface of the local
host.
The swat status page tries to connect with smbd and nmbd at the
address 127.0.0.1 to determine if they are running. Not adding
127.0.0.1 will cause
smbd and nmbd to always show "not running" even if they really
are. This can prevent
swat from starting/stopping/restarting smbd and nmbd.
Default: bind interfaces only = no
blocking locks (S)
This parameter controls the behavior of smbd(8) when given a
request by a client to obtain a byte range lock on a region of an
open file, and the request has a time limit associated with it.
If this parameter is set and the lock range requested cannot be
immediately satisfied, samba will internally queue the lock
request, and periodically attempt to obtain the lock until the
timeout period expires.
If this parameter is set to no, then samba will behave as previous
versions of Samba would and will fail the lock request immediately
if the lock range cannot be obtained.
Default: blocking locks = yes
block size (S)
This parameter controls the behavior of smbd(8) when reporting disk
free sizes. By default, this reports a disk block size of 1024
bytes.
Changing this parameter may have some effect on the efficiency of
client writes, this is not yet confirmed. This parameter was added
to allow advanced administrators to change it (usually to a higher
value) and test the effect it has on client write performance
without re-compiling the code. As this is an experimental option it
may be removed in a future release.
Changing this option does not change the disk free reporting size,
just the block size unit reported to the client.
Default: block size = 1024
Example: block size = 4096
browsable
This parameter is a synonym for browseable.
browseable (S)
This controls whether this share is seen in the list of available
shares in a net view and in the browse list.
Default: browseable = yes
browse list (G)
This controls whether smbd(8) will serve a browse list to a client
doing a NetServerEnum call. Normally set to yes. You should never
need to change this.
Default: browse list = yes
cache directory (G)
Usually, most of the TDB files are stored in the lock directory.
Since Samba 3.4.0, it is possible to differentiate between TDB
files with persistent data and TDB files with non-persistent data
using the state directory and the cache directory options.
This option specifies the directory where TDB files containing
non-persistent data will be stored.
Default: cache directory = ${prefix}/var/locks
Example: cache directory = /var/run/samba/locks/cache
casesignames
This parameter is a synonym for case sensitive.
case sensitive (S)
See the discussion in the section name mangling.
Default: case sensitive = no
change notify (S)
This parameter specifies whether Samba should reply to a client´s
file change notify requests.
You should never need to change this parameter
Default: change notify = yes
change share command (G)
Samba 2.2.0 introduced the ability to dynamically add and delete
shares via the Windows NT 4.0 Server Manager. The change share
command is used to define an external program or script which will
modify an existing service definition in smb.conf.
In order to successfully execute the change share command, smbd
requires that the administrator connects using a root account (i.e.
uid == 0) or has the SeDiskOperatorPrivilege. Scripts defined in
the change share command parameter are executed as root.
When executed, smbd will automatically invoke the change share
command with five parameters.
· configFile - the location of the global smb.conf file.
· shareName - the name of the new share.
· pathName - path to an **existing** directory on disk.
· comment - comment string to associate with the new share.
· max connections Number of maximum simultaneous connections to
this share.
This parameter is only used to modify existing file share
definitions. To modify printer shares, use the "Printers..." folder
as seen when browsing the Samba host.
Default: change share command =
Example: change share command = /usr/local/bin/changeshare
check password script (G)
The name of a program that can be used to check password
complexity. The password is sent to the program´s standard input.
The program must return 0 on a good password, or any other value if
the password is bad. In case the password is considered weak (the
program does not return 0) the user will be notified and the
password change will fail.
Note: In the example directory is a sample program called
crackcheck that uses cracklib to check the password quality.
Default: check password script = Disabled
Example: check password script = /usr/local/sbin/crackcheck
client lanman auth (G)
This parameter determines whether or not smbclient(8) and other
samba client tools will attempt to authenticate itself to servers
using the weaker LANMAN password hash. If disabled, only server
which support NT password hashes (e.g. Windows NT/2000, Samba,
etc... but not Windows 95/98) will be able to be connected from the
Samba client.
The LANMAN encrypted response is easily broken, due to its
case-insensitive nature, and the choice of algorithm. Clients
without Windows 95/98 servers are advised to disable this option.
Disabling this option will also disable the client plaintext auth
option.
Likewise, if the client ntlmv2 auth parameter is enabled, then only
NTLMv2 logins will be attempted.
Default: client lanman auth = no
client ldap sasl wrapping (G)
The client ldap sasl wrapping defines whether ldap traffic will be
signed or signed and encrypted (sealed). Possible values are plain,
sign and seal.
The values sign and seal are only available if Samba has been
compiled against a modern OpenLDAP version (2.3.x or higher).
This option is needed in the case of Domain Controllers enforcing
the usage of signed LDAP connections (e.g. Windows 2000 SP3 or
higher). LDAP sign and seal can be controlled with the registry key
"HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\
NTDS\Parameters\LDAPServerIntegrity" on the Windows server side.
Depending on the used KRB5 library (MIT and older Heimdal versions)
it is possible that the message "integrity only" is not supported.
In this case, sign is just an alias for seal.
The default value is plain which is not irritable to KRB5 clock
skew errors. That implies synchronizing the time with the KDC in
the case of using sign or seal.
Default: client ldap sasl wrapping = plain
client ntlmv2 auth (G)
This parameter determines whether or not smbclient(8) will attempt
to authenticate itself to servers using the NTLMv2 encrypted
password response.
If enabled, only an NTLMv2 and LMv2 response (both much more secure
than earlier versions) will be sent. Many servers (including NT4 <
SP4, Win9x and Samba 2.2) are not compatible with NTLMv2.
Similarly, if enabled, NTLMv1, client lanman auth and client
plaintext auth authentication will be disabled. This also disables
share-level authentication.
If disabled, an NTLM response (and possibly a LANMAN response) will
be sent by the client, depending on the value of client lanman
auth.
Note that some sites (particularly those following ´best practice´
security polices) only allow NTLMv2 responses, and not the weaker
LM or NTLM.
Default: client ntlmv2 auth = no
client plaintext auth (G)
Specifies whether a client should send a plaintext password if the
server does not support encrypted passwords.
Default: client plaintext auth = no
client schannel (G)
This controls whether the client offers or even demands the use of
the netlogon schannel. client schannel = no does not offer the
schannel, client schannel = auto offers the schannel but does not
enforce it, and client schannel = yes denies access if the server
is not able to speak netlogon schannel.
Default: client schannel = auto
Example: client schannel = yes
client signing (G)
This controls whether the client is allowed or required to use SMB
signing. Possible values are auto, mandatory and disabled.
When set to auto, SMB signing is offered, but not enforced. When
set to mandatory, SMB signing is required and if set to disabled,
SMB signing is not offered either.
Default: client signing = auto
client use spnego (G)
This variable controls whether Samba clients will try to use Simple
and Protected NEGOciation (as specified by rfc2478) with supporting
servers (including WindowsXP, Windows2000 and Samba 3.0) to agree
upon an authentication mechanism. This enables Kerberos
authentication in particular.
Default: client use spnego = yes
cluster addresses (G)
With this parameter you can add additional addresses nmbd will
register with a WINS server. These addresses are not necessarily
present on all nodes simultaneously, but they will be registered
with the WINS server so that clients can contact any of the nodes.
Default: cluster addresses =
Example: cluster addresses = 10.0.0.1 10.0.0.2 10.0.0.3
clustering (G)
This parameter specifies whether Samba should contact ctdb for
accessing its tdb files and use ctdb as a backend for its messaging
backend.
Set this parameter to yes only if you have a cluster setup with
ctdb running.
Default: clustering = no
comment (S)
This is a text field that is seen next to a share when a client
does a queries the server, either via the network neighborhood or
via net view to list what shares are available.
If you want to set the string that is displayed next to the machine
name then see the server string parameter.
Default: comment = # No comment
Example: comment = Fred´s Files
config backend (G)
This controls the backend for storing the configuration. Possible
values are file (the default) and registry. When config backend =
registry is encountered while loading smb.conf, the configuration
read so far is dropped and the global options are read from
registry instead. So this triggers a registry only configuration.
Share definitions are not read immediately but instead registry
shares is set to yes.
Note: This option can not be set inside the registry configuration
itself.
Default: config backend = file
Example: config backend = registry
config file (G)
This allows you to override the config file to use, instead of the
default (usually smb.conf). There is a chicken and egg problem here
as this option is set in the config file!
For this reason, if the name of the config file has changed when
the parameters are loaded then it will reload them from the new
config file.
This option takes the usual substitutions, which can be very
useful.
If the config file doesn´t exist then it won´t be loaded (allowing
you to special case the config files of just a few clients).
No default
Example: config file = /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf.%m
copy (S)
This parameter allows you to "clone" service entries. The specified
service is simply duplicated under the current service´s name. Any
parameters specified in the current section will override those in
the section being copied.
This feature lets you set up a ´template´ service and create
similar services easily. Note that the service being copied must
occur earlier in the configuration file than the service doing the
copying.
Default: copy =
Example: copy = otherservice
create krb5 conf (G)
Setting this paramter to no prevents winbind from creating custom
krb5.conf files. Winbind normally does this because the krb5
libraries are not AD-site-aware and thus would pick any domain
controller out of potentially very many. Winbind is site-aware and
makes the krb5 libraries use a local DC by creating its own
krb5.conf files.
Preventing winbind from doing this might become necessary if you
have to add special options into your system-krb5.conf that winbind
does not see.
Default: create krb5 conf = yes
create mode
This parameter is a synonym for create mask.
create mask (S)
When a file is created, the necessary permissions are calculated
according to the mapping from DOS modes to UNIX permissions, and
the resulting UNIX mode is then bit-wise ´AND´ed with this
parameter. This parameter may be thought of as a bit-wise MASK for
the UNIX modes of a file. Any bit not set here will be removed from
the modes set on a file when it is created.
The default value of this parameter removes the group and other
write and execute bits from the UNIX modes.
Following this Samba will bit-wise ´OR´ the UNIX mode created from
this parameter with the value of the force create mode parameter
which is set to 000 by default.
This parameter does not affect directory masks. See the parameter
directory mask for details.
Note that this parameter does not apply to permissions set by
Windows NT/2000 ACL editors. If the administrator wishes to enforce
a mask on access control lists also, they need to set the security
mask.
Default: create mask = 0744
Example: create mask = 0775
csc policy (S)
This stands for client-side caching policy, and specifies how
clients capable of offline caching will cache the files in the
share. The valid values are: manual, documents, programs, disable.
These values correspond to those used on Windows servers.
For example, shares containing roaming profiles can have offline
caching disabled using csc policy = disable.
Default: csc policy = manual
Example: csc policy = programs
ctdbd socket (G)
If you set clustering=yes, you need to tell Samba where ctdbd
listens on its unix domain socket. The default path as of ctdb 1.0
is /tmp/ctdb.socket which you have to explicitly set for Samba in
smb.conf.
Default: ctdbd socket =
Example: ctdbd socket = /tmp/ctdb.socket
ctdb timeout (G)
This parameter specifies a timeout in seconds for the connection
between Samba and ctdb. It is only valid if you have compiled Samba
with clustering and if you have set clustering=yes.
When something in the cluster blocks, it can happen that we wait
indefinitely long for ctdb, just adding to the blocking condition.
In a well-running cluster this should never happen, but there are
too many components in a cluster that might have hickups. Choosing
the right balance for this value is very tricky, because on a busy
cluster long service times to transfer something across the cluster
might be valid. Setting it too short will degrade the service your
cluster presents, setting it too long might make the cluster itself
not recover from something severely broken for too long.
Be aware that if you set this parameter, this needs to be in the
file smb.conf, it is not really helpful to put this into a registry
configuration (typical on a cluster), because to access the
registry contact to ctdb is requred.
Setting ctdb timeout to n makes any process waiting longer than n
seconds for a reply by the cluster panic. Setting it to 0 (the
default) makes Samba block forever, which is the highly recommended
default.
Default: ctdb timeout = 0
cups connection timeout (G)
This parameter is only applicable if printing is set to cups.
If set, this option specifies the number of seconds that smbd will
wait whilst trying to contact to the CUPS server. The connection
will fail if it takes longer than this number of seconds.
Default: cups connection timeout = 30
Example: cups connection timeout = 60
cups encrypt (G)
This parameter is only applicable if printing is set to cups and if
you use CUPS newer than 1.0.x.It is used to define whether or not
Samba should use encryption when talking to the CUPS server.
Possible values are auto, yes and no
When set to auto we will try to do a TLS handshake on each CUPS
connection setup. If that fails, we will fall back to unencrypted
operation.
Default: cups encrypt = "no"
cups options (S)
This parameter is only applicable if printing is set to cups. Its
value is a free form string of options passed directly to the cups
library.
You can pass any generic print option known to CUPS (as listed in
the CUPS "Software Users´ Manual"). You can also pass any printer
specific option (as listed in "lpoptions -d printername -l") valid
for the target queue. Multiple parameters should be space-delimited
name/value pairs according to the PAPI text option ABNF
specification. Collection values ("name={a=... b=... c=...}") are
stored with the curley brackets intact.
You should set this parameter to raw if your CUPS server error_log
file contains messages such as "Unsupported format
´application/octet-stream´" when printing from a Windows client
through Samba. It is no longer necessary to enable system wide raw
printing in /etc/cups/mime.{convs,types}.
Default: cups options = ""
Example: cups options = "raw media=a4"
cups server (G)
This parameter is only applicable if printing is set to cups.
If set, this option overrides the ServerName option in the CUPS
client.conf. This is necessary if you have virtual samba servers
that connect to different CUPS daemons.
Optionally, a port can be specified by separating the server name
and port number with a colon. If no port was specified, the default
port for IPP (631) will be used.
Default: cups server = ""
Example: cups server = mycupsserver
Example: cups server = mycupsserver:1631
deadtime (G)
The value of the parameter (a decimal integer) represents the
number of minutes of inactivity before a connection is considered
dead, and it is disconnected. The deadtime only takes effect if the
number of open files is zero.
This is useful to stop a server´s resources being exhausted by a
large number of inactive connections.
Most clients have an auto-reconnect feature when a connection is
broken so in most cases this parameter should be transparent to
users.
Using this parameter with a timeout of a few minutes is recommended
for most systems.
A deadtime of zero indicates that no auto-disconnection should be
performed.
Default: deadtime = 0
Example: deadtime = 15
debug class (G)
With this boolean parameter enabled, the debug class (DBGC_CLASS)
will be displayed in the debug header.
For more information about currently available debug classes, see
section about log level.
Default: debug class = no
debug hires timestamp (G)
Sometimes the timestamps in the log messages are needed with a
resolution of higher that seconds, this boolean parameter adds
microsecond resolution to the timestamp message header when turned
on.
Note that the parameter debug timestamp must be on for this to have
an effect.
Default: debug hires timestamp = yes
debug pid (G)
When using only one log file for more then one forked
smbd(8)-process there may be hard to follow which process outputs
which message. This boolean parameter is adds the process-id to the
timestamp message headers in the logfile when turned on.
Note that the parameter debug timestamp must be on for this to have
an effect.
Default: debug pid = no
debug prefix timestamp (G)
With this option enabled, the timestamp message header is prefixed
to the debug message without the filename and function information
that is included with the debug timestamp parameter. This gives
timestamps to the messages without adding an additional line.
Note that this parameter overrides the debug timestamp parameter.
Default: debug prefix timestamp = no
timestamp logs
This parameter is a synonym for debug timestamp.
debug timestamp (G)
Samba debug log messages are timestamped by default. If you are
running at a high debug level these timestamps can be distracting.
This boolean parameter allows timestamping to be turned off.
Default: debug timestamp = yes
debug uid (G)
Samba is sometimes run as root and sometime run as the connected
user, this boolean parameter inserts the current euid, egid, uid
and gid to the timestamp message headers in the log file if turned
on.
Note that the parameter debug timestamp must be on for this to have
an effect.
Default: debug uid = no
dedicated keytab file (G)
Specifies the path to the kerberos keytab file when kerberos method
is set to "dedicated keytab".
Default: dedicated keytab file =
Example: dedicated keytab file = /usr/local/etc/krb5.keytab
default case (S)
See the section on name mangling. Also note the short preserve case
parameter.
Default: default case = lower
default devmode (S)
This parameter is only applicable to printable services. When smbd
is serving Printer Drivers to Windows NT/2k/XP clients, each
printer on the Samba server has a Device Mode which defines things
such as paper size and orientation and duplex settings. The device
mode can only correctly be generated by the printer driver itself
(which can only be executed on a Win32 platform). Because smbd is
unable to execute the driver code to generate the device mode, the
default behavior is to set this field to NULL.
Most problems with serving printer drivers to Windows NT/2k/XP
clients can be traced to a problem with the generated device mode.
Certain drivers will do things such as crashing the client´s
Explorer.exe with a NULL devmode. However, other printer drivers
can cause the client´s spooler service (spoolsv.exe) to die if the
devmode was not created by the driver itself (i.e. smbd generates a
default devmode).
This parameter should be used with care and tested with the printer
driver in question. It is better to leave the device mode to NULL
and let the Windows client set the correct values. Because drivers
do not do this all the time, setting default devmode = yes will
instruct smbd to generate a default one.
For more information on Windows NT/2k printing and Device Modes,
see the MSDN documentation.
Default: default devmode = yes
default
This parameter is a synonym for default service.
default service (G)
This parameter specifies the name of a service which will be
connected to if the service actually requested cannot be found.
Note that the square brackets are NOT given in the parameter value
(see example below).
There is no default value for this parameter. If this parameter is
not given, attempting to connect to a nonexistent service results
in an error.
Typically the default service would be a guest ok, read-only
service.
Also note that the apparent service name will be changed to equal
that of the requested service, this is very useful as it allows you
to use macros like %S to make a wildcard service.
Note also that any "_" characters in the name of the service used
in the default service will get mapped to a "/". This allows for
interesting things.
Default: default service =
Example: default service = pub
defer sharing violations (G)
Windows allows specifying how a file will be shared with other
processes when it is opened. Sharing violations occur when a file
is opened by a different process using options that violate the
share settings specified by other processes. This parameter causes
smbd to act as a Windows server does, and defer returning a
"sharing violation" error message for up to one second, allowing
the client to close the file causing the violation in the meantime.
UNIX by default does not have this behaviour.
There should be no reason to turn off this parameter, as it is
designed to enable Samba to more correctly emulate Windows.
Default: defer sharing violations = True
delete group script (G)
This is the full pathname to a script that will be run AS ROOT
smbd(8) when a group is requested to be deleted. It will expand any
%g to the group name passed. This script is only useful for
installations using the Windows NT domain administration tools.
Default: delete group script =
deleteprinter command (G)
With the introduction of MS-RPC based printer support for Windows
NT/2000 clients in Samba 2.2, it is now possible to delete a
printer at run time by issuing the DeletePrinter() RPC call.
For a Samba host this means that the printer must be physically
deleted from the underlying printing system. The deleteprinter
command defines a script to be run which will perform the necessary
operations for removing the printer from the print system and from
smb.conf.
The deleteprinter command is automatically called with only one
parameter: printer name.
Once the deleteprinter command has been executed, smbd will reparse
the
smb.conf to check that the associated printer no longer exists. If
the sharename is still valid, then smbd will return an
ACCESS_DENIED error to the client.
Default: deleteprinter command =
Example: deleteprinter command = /usr/bin/removeprinter
delete readonly (S)
This parameter allows readonly files to be deleted. This is not
normal DOS semantics, but is allowed by UNIX.
This option may be useful for running applications such as rcs,
where UNIX file ownership prevents changing file permissions, and
DOS semantics prevent deletion of a read only file.
Default: delete readonly = no
delete share command (G)
Samba 2.2.0 introduced the ability to dynamically add and delete
shares via the Windows NT 4.0 Server Manager. The delete share
command is used to define an external program or script which will
remove an existing service definition from smb.conf.
In order to successfully execute the delete share command, smbd
requires that the administrator connects using a root account (i.e.
uid == 0) or has the SeDiskOperatorPrivilege. Scripts defined in
the delete share command parameter are executed as root.
When executed, smbd will automatically invoke the delete share
command with two parameters.
· configFile - the location of the global smb.conf file.
· shareName - the name of the existing service.
This parameter is only used to remove file shares. To delete
printer shares, see the deleteprinter command.
Default: delete share command =
Example: delete share command = /usr/local/bin/delshare
delete user from group script (G)
Full path to the script that will be called when a user is removed
from a group using the Windows NT domain administration tools. It
will be run by smbd(8) AS ROOT. Any %g will be replaced with the
group name and any %u will be replaced with the user name.
Default: delete user from group script =
Example: delete user from group script = /usr/sbin/deluser %u %g
delete user script (G)
This is the full pathname to a script that will be run by smbd(8)
when managing users with remote RPC (NT) tools.
This script is called when a remote client removes a user from the
server, normally using ´User Manager for Domains´ or rpcclient.
This script should delete the given UNIX username.
Default: delete user script =
Example: delete user script = /usr/local/samba/bin/del_user %u
delete veto files (S)
This option is used when Samba is attempting to delete a directory
that contains one or more vetoed directories (see the veto files
option). If this option is set to no (the default) then if a vetoed
directory contains any non-vetoed files or directories then the
directory delete will fail. This is usually what you want.
If this option is set to yes, then Samba will attempt to
recursively delete any files and directories within the vetoed
directory. This can be useful for integration with file serving
systems such as NetAtalk which create meta-files within directories
you might normally veto DOS/Windows users from seeing (e.g.
.AppleDouble)
Setting delete veto files = yes allows these directories to be
transparently deleted when the parent directory is deleted (so long
as the user has permissions to do so).
Default: delete veto files = no
dfree cache time (S)
The dfree cache time should only be used on systems where a problem
occurs with the internal disk space calculations. This has been
known to happen with Ultrix, but may occur with other operating
systems. The symptom that was seen was an error of "Abort Retry
Ignore" at the end of each directory listing.
This is a new parameter introduced in Samba version 3.0.21. It
specifies in seconds the time that smbd will cache the output of a
disk free query. If set to zero (the default) no caching is done.
This allows a heavily loaded server to prevent rapid spawning of
dfree command scripts increasing the load.
By default this parameter is zero, meaning no caching will be done.
No default
Example: dfree cache time = dfree cache time = 60
dfree command (S)
The dfree command setting should only be used on systems where a
problem occurs with the internal disk space calculations. This has
been known to happen with Ultrix, but may occur with other
operating systems. The symptom that was seen was an error of "Abort
Retry Ignore" at the end of each directory listing.
This setting allows the replacement of the internal routines to
calculate the total disk space and amount available with an
external routine. The example below gives a possible script that
might fulfill this function.
In Samba version 3.0.21 this parameter has been changed to be a
per-share parameter, and in addition the parameter dfree cache time
was added to allow the output of this script to be cached for
systems under heavy load.
The external program will be passed a single parameter indicating a
directory in the filesystem being queried. This will typically
consist of the string ./. The script should return two integers in
ASCII. The first should be the total disk space in blocks, and the
second should be the number of available blocks. An optional third
return value can give the block size in bytes. The default
blocksize is 1024 bytes.
Note: Your script should NOT be setuid or setgid and should be
owned by (and writeable only by) root!
Where the script dfree (which must be made executable) could be:
#!/bin/sh
df $1 | tail -1 | awk ´{print $(NF-4),$(NF-2)}´
or perhaps (on Sys V based systems):
#!/bin/sh
/usr/bin/df -k $1 | tail -1 | awk ´{print $3" "$5}´
Note that you may have to replace the command names with full path
names on some systems.
By default internal routines for determining the disk capacity and
remaining space will be used.
No default
Example: dfree command = /usr/local/samba/bin/dfree
directory mode
This parameter is a synonym for directory mask.
directory mask (S)
This parameter is the octal modes which are used when converting
DOS modes to UNIX modes when creating UNIX directories.
When a directory is created, the necessary permissions are
calculated according to the mapping from DOS modes to UNIX
permissions, and the resulting UNIX mode is then bit-wise ´AND´ed
with this parameter. This parameter may be thought of as a bit-wise
MASK for the UNIX modes of a directory. Any bit not set here will
be removed from the modes set on a directory when it is created.
The default value of this parameter removes the ´group´ and ´other´
write bits from the UNIX mode, allowing only the user who owns the
directory to modify it.
Following this Samba will bit-wise ´OR´ the UNIX mode created from
this parameter with the value of the force directory mode
parameter. This parameter is set to 000 by default (i.e. no extra
mode bits are added).
Note that this parameter does not apply to permissions set by
Windows NT/2000 ACL editors. If the administrator wishes to enforce
a mask on access control lists also, they need to set the directory
security mask.
Default: directory mask = 0755
Example: directory mask = 0775
directory name cache size (S)
This parameter specifies the the size of the directory name cache.
It will be needed to turn this off for *BSD systems.
Default: directory name cache size = 100
directory security mask (S)
This parameter controls what UNIX permission bits will be set when
a Windows NT client is manipulating the UNIX permission on a
directory using the native NT security dialog box.
This parameter is applied as a mask (AND´ed with) to the incoming
permission bits, thus resetting any bits not in this mask. Make
sure not to mix up this parameter with force directory security
mode, which works similar like this one but uses logical OR instead
of AND. Essentially, zero bits in this mask are a set of bits that
will always be set to zero.
Essentially, all bits set to zero in this mask will result in
setting to zero the corresponding bits on the file permissions
regardless of the previous status of this bits on the file.
If not set explicitly this parameter is set to 0777 meaning a user
is allowed to set all the user/group/world permissions on a
directory.
Note that users who can access the Samba server through other means
can easily bypass this restriction, so it is primarily useful for
standalone "appliance" systems. Administrators of most normal
systems will probably want to leave it as the default of 0777.
Default: directory security mask = 0777
Example: directory security mask = 0700
disable netbios (G)
Enabling this parameter will disable netbios support in Samba.
Netbios is the only available form of browsing in all windows
versions except for 2000 and XP.
Note
Clients that only support netbios won´t be able to see your
samba server when netbios support is disabled.
Default: disable netbios = no
disable spoolss (G)
Enabling this parameter will disable Samba´s support for the
SPOOLSS set of MS-RPC´s and will yield identical behavior as Samba
2.0.x. Windows NT/2000 clients will downgrade to using Lanman style
printing commands. Windows 9x/ME will be unaffected by the
parameter. However, this will also disable the ability to upload
printer drivers to a Samba server via the Windows NT Add Printer
Wizard or by using the NT printer properties dialog window. It will
also disable the capability of Windows NT/2000 clients to download
print drivers from the Samba host upon demand. Be very careful
about enabling this parameter.
Default: disable spoolss = no
display charset (G)
Specifies the charset that samba will use to print messages to
stdout and stderr. The default value is "LOCALE", which means
automatically set, depending on the current locale. The value
should generally be the same as the value of the parameter unix
charset.
Default: display charset = "LOCALE" or "ASCII" (depending on the
system)
Example: display charset = UTF8
dmapi support (S)
This parameter specifies whether Samba should use DMAPI to
determine whether a file is offline or not. This would typically be
used in conjunction with a hierarchical storage system that
automatically migrates files to tape.
Note that Samba infers the status of a file by examining the events
that a DMAPI application has registered interest in. This heuristic
is satisfactory for a number of hierarchical storage systems, but
there may be system for which it will fail. In this case, Samba may
erroneously report files to be offline.
This parameter is only available if a supported DMAPI
implementation was found at compilation time. It will only be used
if DMAPI is found to enabled on the system at run time.
Default: dmapi support = no
dns proxy (G)
Specifies that nmbd(8) when acting as a WINS server and finding
that a NetBIOS name has not been registered, should treat the
NetBIOS name word-for-word as a DNS name and do a lookup with the
DNS server for that name on behalf of the name-querying client.
Note that the maximum length for a NetBIOS name is 15 characters,
so the DNS name (or DNS alias) can likewise only be 15 characters,
maximum.
nmbd spawns a second copy of itself to do the DNS name lookup
requests, as doing a name lookup is a blocking action.
Default: dns proxy = yes
domain logons (G)
If set to yes, the Samba server will provide the netlogon service
for Windows 9X network logons for the workgroup it is in. This will
also cause the Samba server to act as a domain controller for NT4
style domain services. For more details on setting up this feature
see the Domain Control chapter of the Samba HOWTO Collection.
Default: domain logons = no
domain master (G)
Tell smbd(8) to enable WAN-wide browse list collation. Setting this
option causes nmbd to claim a special domain specific NetBIOS name
that identifies it as a domain master browser for its given
workgroup. Local master browsers in the same workgroup on
broadcast-isolated subnets will give this nmbd their local browse
lists, and then ask smbd(8) for a complete copy of the browse list
for the whole wide area network. Browser clients will then contact
their local master browser, and will receive the domain-wide browse
list, instead of just the list for their broadcast-isolated subnet.
Note that Windows NT Primary Domain Controllers expect to be able
to claim this workgroup specific special NetBIOS name that
identifies them as domain master browsers for that workgroup by
default (i.e. there is no way to prevent a Windows NT PDC from
attempting to do this). This means that if this parameter is set
and nmbd claims the special name for a workgroup before a Windows
NT PDC is able to do so then cross subnet browsing will behave
strangely and may fail.
If domain logons = yes, then the default behavior is to enable the
domain master parameter. If domain logons is not enabled (the
default setting), then neither will domain master be enabled by
default.
When domain logons = Yes the default setting for this parameter is
Yes, with the result that Samba will be a PDC. If domain master =
No, Samba will function as a BDC. In general, this parameter should
be set to ´No´ only on a BDC.
Default: domain master = auto
dont descend (S)
There are certain directories on some systems (e.g., the /proc tree
under Linux) that are either not of interest to clients or are
infinitely deep (recursive). This parameter allows you to specify a
comma-delimited list of directories that the server should always
show as empty.
Note that Samba can be very fussy about the exact format of the
"dont descend" entries. For example you may need
./proc instead of just /proc. Experimentation is the best policy
:-)
Default: dont descend =
Example: dont descend = /proc,/dev
dos charset (G)
DOS SMB clients assume the server has the same charset as they do.
This option specifies which charset Samba should talk to DOS
clients.
The default depends on which charsets you have installed. Samba
tries to use charset 850 but falls back to ASCII in case it is not
available. Run testparm(1) to check the default on your system.
No default
dos filemode (S)
The default behavior in Samba is to provide UNIX-like behavior
where only the owner of a file/directory is able to change the
permissions on it. However, this behavior is often confusing to
DOS/Windows users. Enabling this parameter allows a user who has
write access to the file (by whatever means, including an ACL
permission) to modify the permissions (including ACL) on it. Note
that a user belonging to the group owning the file will not be
allowed to change permissions if the group is only granted read
access. Ownership of the file/directory may also be changed. Note
that using the VFS modules acl_xattr or acl_tdb which store native
Windows as meta-data will automatically turn this option on for any
share for which they are loaded, as they require this option to
emulate Windows ACLs correctly.
Default: dos filemode = no
dos filetime resolution (S)
Under the DOS and Windows FAT filesystem, the finest granularity on
time resolution is two seconds. Setting this parameter for a share
causes Samba to round the reported time down to the nearest two
second boundary when a query call that requires one second
resolution is made to smbd(8).
This option is mainly used as a compatibility option for Visual C++
when used against Samba shares. If oplocks are enabled on a share,
Visual C++ uses two different time reading calls to check if a file
has changed since it was last read. One of these calls uses a
one-second granularity, the other uses a two second granularity. As
the two second call rounds any odd second down, then if the file
has a timestamp of an odd number of seconds then the two timestamps
will not match and Visual C++ will keep reporting the file has
changed. Setting this option causes the two timestamps to match,
and Visual C++ is happy.
Default: dos filetime resolution = no
dos filetimes (S)
Under DOS and Windows, if a user can write to a file they can
change the timestamp on it. Under POSIX semantics, only the owner
of the file or root may change the timestamp. By default, Samba
emulates the DOS semantics and allows to change the timestamp on a
file if the user smbd is acting on behalf has write permissions.
Due to changes in Microsoft Office 2000 and beyond, the default for
this parameter has been changed from "no" to "yes" in Samba 3.0.14
and above. Microsoft Excel will display dialog box warnings about
the file being changed by another user if this parameter is not set
to "yes" and files are being shared between users.
Default: dos filetimes = yes
ea support (S)
This boolean parameter controls whether smbd(8) will allow clients
to attempt to store OS/2 style Extended attributes on a share. In
order to enable this parameter the underlying filesystem exported
by the share must support extended attributes (such as provided on
XFS and EXT3 on Linux, with the correct kernel patches). On Linux
the filesystem must have been mounted with the mount option
user_xattr in order for extended attributes to work, also extended
attributes must be compiled into the Linux kernel.
Default: ea support = no
enable asu support (G)
Hosts running the "Advanced Server for Unix (ASU)" product require
some special accomodations such as creating a builtin [ADMIN$]
share that only supports IPC connections. The has been the default
behavior in smbd for many years. However, certain Microsoft
applications such as the Print Migrator tool require that the
remote server support an [ADMIN$} file share. Disabling this
parameter allows for creating an [ADMIN$] file share in smb.conf.
Default: enable asu support = no
enable core files (G)
This parameter specifies whether core dumps should be written on
internal exits. Normally set to yes. You should never need to
change this.
Default: enable core files = yes
Example: enable core files = no
enable privileges (G)
This parameter controls whether or not smbd will honor privileges
assigned to specific SIDs via either net rpc rights or one of the
Windows user and group manager tools. This parameter is enabled by
default. It can be disabled to prevent members of the Domain Admins
group from being able to assign privileges to users or groups which
can then result in certain smbd operations running as root that
would normally run under the context of the connected user.
An example of how privileges can be used is to assign the right to
join clients to a Samba controlled domain without providing root
access to the server via smbd.
Please read the extended description provided in the Samba HOWTO
documentation.
Default: enable privileges = yes
enable spoolss (G)
Inverted synonym for disable spoolss.
Default: enable spoolss = yes
encrypt passwords (G)
This boolean controls whether encrypted passwords will be
negotiated with the client. Note that Windows NT 4.0 SP3 and above
and also Windows 98 will by default expect encrypted passwords
unless a registry entry is changed. To use encrypted passwords in
Samba see the chapter "User Database" in the Samba HOWTO
Collection.
MS Windows clients that expect Microsoft encrypted passwords and
that do not have plain text password support enabled will be able
to connect only to a Samba server that has encrypted password
support enabled and for which the user accounts have a valid
encrypted password. Refer to the smbpasswd command man page for
information regarding the creation of encrypted passwords for user
accounts.
The use of plain text passwords is NOT advised as support for this
feature is no longer maintained in Microsoft Windows products. If
you want to use plain text passwords you must set this parameter to
no.
In order for encrypted passwords to work correctly smbd(8) must
either have access to a local smbpasswd(5) file (see the
smbpasswd(8) program for information on how to set up and maintain
this file), or set the security = [server|domain|ads] parameter
which causes smbd to authenticate against another server.
Default: encrypt passwords = yes
enhanced browsing (G)
This option enables a couple of enhancements to cross-subnet browse
propagation that have been added in Samba but which are not
standard in Microsoft implementations.
The first enhancement to browse propagation consists of a regular
wildcard query to a Samba WINS server for all Domain Master
Browsers, followed by a browse synchronization with each of the
returned DMBs. The second enhancement consists of a regular
randomised browse synchronization with all currently known DMBs.
You may wish to disable this option if you have a problem with
empty workgroups not disappearing from browse lists. Due to the
restrictions of the browse protocols, these enhancements can cause
a empty workgroup to stay around forever which can be annoying.
In general you should leave this option enabled as it makes
cross-subnet browse propagation much more reliable.
Default: enhanced browsing = yes
enumports command (G)
The concept of a "port" is fairly foreign to UNIX hosts. Under
Windows NT/2000 print servers, a port is associated with a port
monitor and generally takes the form of a local port (i.e. LPT1:,
COM1:, FILE:) or a remote port (i.e. LPD Port Monitor, etc...). By
default, Samba has only one port defined--"Samba Printer Port".
Under Windows NT/2000, all printers must have a valid port name. If
you wish to have a list of ports displayed (smbd does not use a
port name for anything) other than the default "Samba Printer
Port", you can define enumports command to point to a program which
should generate a list of ports, one per line, to standard output.
This listing will then be used in response to the level 1 and 2
EnumPorts() RPC.
Default: enumports command =
Example: enumports command = /usr/bin/listports
eventlog list (G)
This option defines a list of log names that Samba will report to
the Microsoft EventViewer utility. The listed eventlogs will be
associated with tdb file on disk in the $(lockdir)/eventlog.
The administrator must use an external process to parse the normal
Unix logs such as /var/log/messages and write then entries to the
eventlog tdb files. Refer to the eventlogadm(8) utility for how to
write eventlog entries.
Default: eventlog list =
Example: eventlog list = Security Application Syslog Apache
fake directory create times (S)
NTFS and Windows VFAT file systems keep a create time for all files
and directories. This is not the same as the ctime - status change
time - that Unix keeps, so Samba by default reports the earliest of
the various times Unix does keep. Setting this parameter for a
share causes Samba to always report midnight 1-1-1980 as the create
time for directories.
This option is mainly used as a compatibility option for Visual C++
when used against Samba shares. Visual C++ generated makefiles have
the object directory as a dependency for each object file, and a
make rule to create the directory. Also, when NMAKE compares
timestamps it uses the creation time when examining a directory.
Thus the object directory will be created if it does not exist, but
once it does exist it will always have an earlier timestamp than
the object files it contains.
However, Unix time semantics mean that the create time reported by
Samba will be updated whenever a file is created or or deleted in
the directory. NMAKE finds all object files in the object
directory. The timestamp of the last one built is then compared to
the timestamp of the object directory. If the directory´s timestamp
if newer, then all object files will be rebuilt. Enabling this
option ensures directories always predate their contents and an
NMAKE build will proceed as expected.
Default: fake directory create times = no
fake oplocks (S)
Oplocks are the way that SMB clients get permission from a server
to locally cache file operations. If a server grants an oplock
(opportunistic lock) then the client is free to assume that it is
the only one accessing the file and it will aggressively cache file
data. With some oplock types the client may even cache file
open/close operations. This can give enormous performance benefits.
When you set fake oplocks = yes, smbd(8) will always grant oplock
requests no matter how many clients are using the file.
It is generally much better to use the real oplocks support rather
than this parameter.
If you enable this option on all read-only shares or shares that
you know will only be accessed from one client at a time such as
physically read-only media like CDROMs, you will see a big
performance improvement on many operations. If you enable this
option on shares where multiple clients may be accessing the files
read-write at the same time you can get data corruption. Use this
option carefully!
Default: fake oplocks = no
follow symlinks (S)
This parameter allows the Samba administrator to stop smbd(8) from
following symbolic links in a particular share. Setting this
parameter to no prevents any file or directory that is a symbolic
link from being followed (the user will get an error). This option
is very useful to stop users from adding a symbolic link to
/etc/passwd in their home directory for instance. However it will
slow filename lookups down slightly.
This option is enabled (i.e. smbd will follow symbolic links) by
default.
Default: follow symlinks = yes
force create mode (S)
This parameter specifies a set of UNIX mode bit permissions that
will always be set on a file created by Samba. This is done by
bitwise ´OR´ing these bits onto the mode bits of a file that is
being created. The default for this parameter is (in octal) 000.
The modes in this parameter are bitwise ´OR´ed onto the file mode
after the mask set in the create mask parameter is applied.
The example below would force all newly created files to have read
and execute permissions set for ´group´ and ´other´ as well as the
read/write/execute bits set for the ´user´.
Default: force create mode = 000
Example: force create mode = 0755
force directory mode (S)
This parameter specifies a set of UNIX mode bit permissions that
will always be set on a directory created by Samba. This is done by
bitwise ´OR´ing these bits onto the mode bits of a directory that
is being created. The default for this parameter is (in octal) 0000
which will not add any extra permission bits to a created
directory. This operation is done after the mode mask in the
parameter directory mask is applied.
The example below would force all created directories to have read
and execute permissions set for ´group´ and ´other´ as well as the
read/write/execute bits set for the ´user´.
Default: force directory mode = 000
Example: force directory mode = 0755
force directory security mode (S)
This parameter controls what UNIX permission bits can be modified
when a Windows NT client is manipulating the UNIX permission on a
directory using the native NT security dialog box.
This parameter is applied as a mask (OR´ed with) to the changed
permission bits, thus forcing any bits in this mask that the user
may have modified to be on. Make sure not to mix up this parameter
with directory security mask, which works in a similar manner to
this one, but uses a logical AND instead of an OR.
Essentially, this mask may be treated as a set of bits that, when
modifying security on a directory, to will enable (1) any flags
that are off (0) but which the mask has set to on (1).
If not set explicitly this parameter is 0000, which allows a user
to modify all the user/group/world permissions on a directory
without restrictions.
Note
Users who can access the Samba server through other means can
easily bypass this restriction, so it is primarily useful for
standalone "appliance" systems. Administrators of most normal
systems will probably want to leave it set as 0000.
Default: force directory security mode = 0
Example: force directory security mode = 700
group
This parameter is a synonym for force group.
force group (S)
This specifies a UNIX group name that will be assigned as the
default primary group for all users connecting to this service.
This is useful for sharing files by ensuring that all access to
files on service will use the named group for their permissions
checking. Thus, by assigning permissions for this group to the
files and directories within this service the Samba administrator
can restrict or allow sharing of these files.
In Samba 2.0.5 and above this parameter has extended functionality
in the following way. If the group name listed here has a ´+´
character prepended to it then the current user accessing the share
only has the primary group default assigned to this group if they
are already assigned as a member of that group. This allows an
administrator to decide that only users who are already in a
particular group will create files with group ownership set to that
group. This gives a finer granularity of ownership assignment. For
example, the setting force group = +sys means that only users who
are already in group sys will have their default primary group
assigned to sys when accessing this Samba share. All other users
will retain their ordinary primary group.
If the force user parameter is also set the group specified in
force group will override the primary group set in force user.
Default: force group =
Example: force group = agroup
force printername (S)
When printing from Windows NT (or later), each printer in smb.conf
has two associated names which can be used by the client. The first
is the sharename (or shortname) defined in smb.conf. This is the
only printername available for use by Windows 9x clients. The
second name associated with a printer can be seen when browsing to
the "Printers" (or "Printers and Faxes") folder on the Samba
server. This is referred to simply as the printername (not to be
confused with the printer name option).
When assigning a new driver to a printer on a remote Windows
compatible print server such as Samba, the Windows client will
rename the printer to match the driver name just uploaded. This can
result in confusion for users when multiple printers are bound to
the same driver. To prevent Samba from allowing the printer´s
printername to differ from the sharename defined in smb.conf, set
force printername = yes.
Be aware that enabling this parameter may affect migrating printers
from a Windows server to Samba since Windows has no way to force
the sharename and printername to match.
It is recommended that this parameter´s value not be changed once
the printer is in use by clients as this could cause a user not be
able to delete printer connections from their local Printers
folder.
Default: force printername = no
force security mode (S)
This parameter controls what UNIX permission bits can be modified
when a Windows NT client is manipulating the UNIX permission on a
file using the native NT security dialog box.
This parameter is applied as a mask (OR´ed with) to the changed
permission bits, thus forcing any bits in this mask that the user
may have modified to be on. Make sure not to mix up this parameter
with security mask, which works similar like this one but uses
logical AND instead of OR.
Essentially, one bits in this mask may be treated as a set of bits
that, when modifying security on a file, the user has always set to
be on.
If not set explicitly this parameter is set to 0, and allows a user
to modify all the user/group/world permissions on a file, with no
restrictions.
Note that users who can access the Samba server through other
means can easily bypass this restriction, so it is primarily useful
for standalone "appliance" systems. Administrators of most normal
systems will probably want to leave this set to 0000.
Default: force security mode = 0
Example: force security mode = 700
force unknown acl user (S)
If this parameter is set, a Windows NT ACL that contains an unknown
SID (security descriptor, or representation of a user or group id)
as the owner or group owner of the file will be silently mapped
into the current UNIX uid or gid of the currently connected user.
This is designed to allow Windows NT clients to copy files and
folders containing ACLs that were created locally on the client
machine and contain users local to that machine only (no domain
users) to be copied to a Samba server (usually with XCOPY /O) and
have the unknown userid and groupid of the file owner map to the
current connected user. This can only be fixed correctly when
winbindd allows arbitrary mapping from any Windows NT SID to a UNIX
uid or gid.
Try using this parameter when XCOPY /O gives an ACCESS_DENIED
error.
Default: force unknown acl user = no
force user (S)
This specifies a UNIX user name that will be assigned as the
default user for all users connecting to this service. This is
useful for sharing files. You should also use it carefully as using
it incorrectly can cause security problems.
This user name only gets used once a connection is established.
Thus clients still need to connect as a valid user and supply a
valid password. Once connected, all file operations will be
performed as the "forced user", no matter what username the client
connected as. This can be very useful.
In Samba 2.0.5 and above this parameter also causes the primary
group of the forced user to be used as the primary group for all
file activity. Prior to 2.0.5 the primary group was left as the
primary group of the connecting user (this was a bug).
Default: force user =
Example: force user = auser
fstype (S)
This parameter allows the administrator to configure the string
that specifies the type of filesystem a share is using that is
reported by smbd(8) when a client queries the filesystem type for a
share. The default type is NTFS for compatibility with Windows NT
but this can be changed to other strings such as Samba or FAT if
required.
Default: fstype = NTFS
Example: fstype = Samba
get quota command (G)
The get quota command should only be used whenever there is no
operating system API available from the OS that samba can use.
This option is only available you have compiled Samba with the
--with-sys-quotas option or on Linux with --with-quotas and a
working quota api was found in the system.
This parameter should specify the path to a script that queries the
quota information for the specified user/group for the partition
that the specified directory is on.
Such a script should take 3 arguments:
· directory
· type of query
· uid of user or gid of group
The type of query can be one of :
· 1 - user quotas
· 2 - user default quotas (uid = -1)
· 3 - group quotas
· 4 - group default quotas (gid = -1)
This script should print one line as output with spaces between the
arguments. The arguments are:
· Arg 1 - quota flags (0 = no quotas, 1 = quotas enabled, 2 =
quotas enabled and enforced)
· Arg 2 - number of currently used blocks
· Arg 3 - the softlimit number of blocks
· Arg 4 - the hardlimit number of blocks
· Arg 5 - currently used number of inodes
· Arg 6 - the softlimit number of inodes
· Arg 7 - the hardlimit number of inodes
· Arg 8(optional) - the number of bytes in a block(default is
1024)
Default: get quota command =
Example: get quota command = /usr/local/sbin/query_quota
getwd cache (G)
This is a tuning option. When this is enabled a caching algorithm
will be used to reduce the time taken for getwd() calls. This can
have a significant impact on performance, especially when the wide
smbconfoptions parameter is set to no.
Default: getwd cache = yes
guest account (G)
This is a username which will be used for access to services which
are specified as guest ok (see below). Whatever privileges this
user has will be available to any client connecting to the guest
service. This user must exist in the password file, but does not
require a valid login. The user account "ftp" is often a good
choice for this parameter.
On some systems the default guest account "nobody" may not be able
to print. Use another account in this case. You should test this by
trying to log in as your guest user (perhaps by using the su -
command) and trying to print using the system print command such as
lpr(1) or
lp(1).
This parameter does not accept % macros, because many parts of the
system require this value to be constant for correct operation.
Default: guest account = nobody # default can be changed at
compile-time
Example: guest account = ftp
public
This parameter is a synonym for guest ok.
guest ok (S)
If this parameter is yes for a service, then no password is
required to connect to the service. Privileges will be those of the
guest account.
This paramater nullifies the benifits of setting restrict anonymous
= 2
See the section below on security for more information about this
option.
Default: guest ok = no
only guest
This parameter is a synonym for guest only.
guest only (S)
If this parameter is yes for a service, then only guest connections
to the service are permitted. This parameter will have no effect if
guest ok is not set for the service.
See the section below on security for more information about this
option.
Default: guest only = no
hide dot files (S)
This is a boolean parameter that controls whether files starting
with a dot appear as hidden files.
Default: hide dot files = yes
hide files (S)
This is a list of files or directories that are not visible but are
accessible. The DOS ´hidden´ attribute is applied to any files or
directories that match.
Each entry in the list must be separated by a ´/´, which allows
spaces to be included in the entry. ´*´ and ´?´ can be used to
specify multiple files or directories as in DOS wildcards.
Each entry must be a Unix path, not a DOS path and must not include
the Unix directory separator ´/´.
Note that the case sensitivity option is applicable in hiding
files.
Setting this parameter will affect the performance of Samba, as it
will be forced to check all files and directories for a match as
they are scanned.
The example shown above is based on files that the Macintosh SMB
client (DAVE) available from Thursby creates for internal use, and
also still hides all files beginning with a dot.
An example of us of this parameter is:
hide files = /.*/DesktopFolderDB/TrashFor%m/resource.frk/
Default: hide files = # no file are hidden
hide special files (S)
This parameter prevents clients from seeing special files such as
sockets, devices and fifo´s in directory listings.
Default: hide special files = no
hide unreadable (S)
This parameter prevents clients from seeing the existance of files
that cannot be read. Defaults to off.
Default: hide unreadable = no
hide unwriteable files (S)
This parameter prevents clients from seeing the existance of files
that cannot be written to. Defaults to off. Note that unwriteable
directories are shown as usual.
Default: hide unwriteable files = no
homedir map (G)
If nis homedir is yes, and smbd(8) is also acting as a Win95/98
logon server then this parameter specifies the NIS (or YP) map from
which the server for the user´s home directory should be extracted.
At present, only the Sun auto.home map format is understood. The
form of the map is:
username server:/some/file/system
and the program will extract the servername from before the first
´:´. There should probably be a better parsing system that copes
with different map formats and also Amd (another automounter) maps.
Note
A working NIS client is required on the system for this option
to work.
Default: homedir map =
Example: homedir map = amd.homedir
host msdfs (G)
If set to yes, Samba will act as a Dfs server, and allow Dfs-aware
clients to browse Dfs trees hosted on the server.
See also the msdfs root share level parameter. For more information
on setting up a Dfs tree on Samba, refer to the MSFDS chapter in
the book Samba3-HOWTO.
Default: host msdfs = yes
hostname lookups (G)
Specifies whether samba should use (expensive) hostname lookups or
use the ip addresses instead. An example place where hostname
lookups are currently used is when checking the hosts deny and
hosts allow.
Default: hostname lookups = no
Example: hostname lookups = yes
allow hosts
This parameter is a synonym for hosts allow.
hosts allow (S)
A synonym for this parameter is allow hosts.
This parameter is a comma, space, or tab delimited set of hosts
which are permitted to access a service.
If specified in the [global] section then it will apply to all
services, regardless of whether the individual service has a
different setting.
You can specify the hosts by name or IP number. For example, you
could restrict access to only the hosts on a Class C subnet with
something like allow hosts = 150.203.5.. The full syntax of the
list is described in the man page hosts_access(5). Note that this
man page may not be present on your system, so a brief description
will be given here also.
Note that the localhost address 127.0.0.1 will always be allowed
access unless specifically denied by a hosts deny option.
You can also specify hosts by network/netmask pairs and by netgroup
names if your system supports netgroups. The EXCEPT keyword can
also be used to limit a wildcard list. The following examples may
provide some help:
Example 1: allow all IPs in 150.203.*.*; except one
hosts allow = 150.203. EXCEPT 150.203.6.66
Example 2: allow hosts that match the given network/netmask
hosts allow = 150.203.15.0/255.255.255.0
Example 3: allow a couple of hosts
hosts allow = lapland, arvidsjaur
Example 4: allow only hosts in NIS netgroup "foonet", but deny
access from one particular host
hosts allow = @foonet
hosts deny = pirate
Note
Note that access still requires suitable user-level passwords.
See testparm(1) for a way of testing your host access to see if it
does what you expect.
Default: hosts allow = # none (i.e., all hosts permitted access)
Example: hosts allow = 150.203.5. myhost.mynet.edu.au
deny hosts
This parameter is a synonym for hosts deny.
hosts deny (S)
The opposite of hosts allow - hosts listed here are NOT permitted
access to services unless the specific services have their own
lists to override this one. Where the lists conflict, the allow
list takes precedence.
In the event that it is necessary to deny all by default, use the
keyword ALL (or the netmask 0.0.0.0/0) and then explicitly specify
to the hosts allow = hosts allow parameter those hosts that should
be permitted access.
Default: hosts deny = # none (i.e., no hosts specifically
excluded)
Example: hosts deny = 150.203.4. badhost.mynet.edu.au
idmap alloc backend (G)
The idmap alloc backend provides a plugin interface for Winbind to
use when allocating Unix uids/gids for Windows SIDs. This option
refers to the name of the idmap module which will provide the id
allocation functionality. Please refer to the man page for each
idmap plugin to determine whether or not the module implements the
allocation feature. The most common plugins are the tdb
(idmap_tdb(8)) and ldap (idmap_ldap(8)) libraries.
This parameter defaults to the value idmap backend was set to, so
by default winbind will allocate Unix IDs from the default backend.
You will only need to set this parameter explicitly if you have an
external source for Unix IDs, like a central database service
somewhere in your company.
Also refer to the idmap alloc config option.
No default
Example: idmap alloc backend = tdb
idmap alloc config (G)
The idmap alloc config prefix provides a means of managing settings
for the backend defined by the idmap alloc backend parameter. Refer
to the man page for each idmap plugin regarding specific
configuration details.
No default
idmap backend (G)
The idmap backend provides a plugin interface for Winbind to use
varying backends to store SID/uid/gid mapping tables.
This option specifies the default backend that is used when no
special configuration set by idmap config matches the specific
request.
This default backend also specifies the place where
winbind-generated idmap entries will be stored. So it is highly
recommended that you specify a writable backend like idmap_tdb(8)
or idmap_ldap(8) as the idmap backend. The idmap_rid(8) and
idmap_ad(8) backends are not writable and thus will generate
unexpected results if set as idmap backend.
To use the rid and ad backends, please specify them via the idmap
config parameter, possibly also for the domain your machine is
member of, specified by workgroup.
Examples of SID/uid/gid backends include tdb (idmap_tdb(8)), ldap
(idmap_ldap(8)), rid (idmap_rid(8)), and ad (idmap_ad(8)).
Default: idmap backend = tdb
idmap cache time (G)
This parameter specifies the number of seconds that Winbind´s idmap
interface will cache positive SID/uid/gid query results.
Default: idmap cache time = 604800 (one week)
idmap config (G)
The idmap config prefix provides a means of managing each trusted
domain separately. The idmap config prefix should be followed by
the name of the domain, a colon, and a setting specific to the
chosen backend. There are three options available for all domains:
backend = backend_name
Specifies the name of the idmap plugin to use as the
SID/uid/gid backend for this domain.
range = low - high
Defines the available matching uid and gid range for which the
backend is authoritative. Note that the range commonly matches
the allocation range due to the fact that the same backend will
store and retrieve SID/uid/gid mapping entries.
winbind uses this parameter to find the backend that is
authoritative for a unix ID to SID mapping, so it must be set
for each individually configured domain, and it must be
disjoint from the ranges set via idmap uid and idmap gid.
The following example illustrates how to configure the idmap_ad(8)
for the CORP domain and the idmap_tdb(8) backend for all other
domains. This configuration assumes that the admin of CORP assigns
unix ids below 1000000 via the SFU extensions, and winbind is
supposed to use the next million entries for its own mappings from
trusted domains and for local groups for example.
idmap backend = tdb
idmap uid = 1000000-1999999
idmap gid = 1000000-1999999
idmap config CORP : backend = ad
idmap config CORP : range = 1000-999999
No default
winbind gid
This parameter is a synonym for idmap gid.
idmap gid (G)
The idmap gid parameter specifies the range of group ids that are
allocated for the purpose of mapping UNX groups to NT group SIDs.
This range of group ids should have no existing local or NIS groups
within it as strange conflicts can occur otherwise.
See also the idmap backend, and idmap config options.
Default: idmap gid =
Example: idmap gid = 10000-20000
idmap negative cache time (G)
This parameter specifies the number of seconds that Winbind´s idmap
interface will cache negative SID/uid/gid query results.
Default: idmap negative cache time = 120
winbind uid
This parameter is a synonym for idmap uid.
idmap uid (G)
The idmap uid parameter specifies the range of user ids that are
allocated for use in mapping UNIX users to NT user SIDs. This range
of ids should have no existing local or NIS users within it as
strange conflicts can occur otherwise.
See also the idmap backend and idmap config options.
Default: idmap uid =
Example: idmap uid = 10000-20000
include (G)
This allows you to include one config file inside another. The file
is included literally, as though typed in place.
It takes the standard substitutions, except %u, %P and %S.
The parameter include = registry has a special meaning: It does not
include a file named registry from the current working directory,
but instead reads the global configuration options from the
registry. See the section on registry-based configuration for
details. Note that this option automatically activates registry
shares.
Default: include =
Example: include = /usr/local/samba/lib/admin_smb.conf
inherit acls (S)
This parameter can be used to ensure that if default acls exist on
parent directories, they are always honored when creating a new
file or subdirectory in these parent directories. The default
behavior is to use the unix mode specified when creating the
directory. Enabling this option sets the unix mode to 0777, thus
guaranteeing that default directory acls are propagated. Note that
using the VFS modules acl_xattr or acl_tdb which store native
Windows as meta-data will automatically turn this option on for any
share for which they are loaded, as they require this option to
emulate Windows ACLs correctly.
Default: inherit acls = no
inherit owner (S)
The ownership of new files and directories is normally governed by
effective uid of the connected user. This option allows the Samba
administrator to specify that the ownership for new files and
directories should be controlled by the ownership of the parent
directory.
Common scenarios where this behavior is useful is in implementing
drop-boxes where users can create and edit files but not delete
them and to ensure that newly create files in a user´s roaming
profile directory are actually owner by the user.
Default: inherit owner = no
inherit permissions (S)
The permissions on new files and directories are normally governed
by create mask, directory mask, force create mode and force
directory mode but the boolean inherit permissions parameter
overrides this.
New directories inherit the mode of the parent directory, including
bits such as setgid.
New files inherit their read/write bits from the parent directory.
Their execute bits continue to be determined by map archive, map
hidden and map system as usual.
Note that the setuid bit is never set via inheritance (the code
explicitly prohibits this).
This can be particularly useful on large systems with many users,
perhaps several thousand, to allow a single [homes] share to be
used flexibly by each user.
Default: inherit permissions = no
init logon delayed hosts (G)
This parameter takes a list of host names, addresses or networks
for which the initial samlogon reply should be delayed (so other
DCs get preferred by XP workstations if there are any).
The length of the delay can be specified with the init logon delay
parameter.
Default: init logon delayed hosts =
Example: init logon delayed hosts = 150.203.5. myhost.mynet.de
init logon delay (G)
This parameter specifies a delay in milliseconds for the hosts
configured for delayed initial samlogon with init logon delayed
hosts.
Default: init logon delay = 100
interfaces (G)
This option allows you to override the default network interfaces
list that Samba will use for browsing, name registration and other
NetBIOS over TCP/IP (NBT) traffic. By default Samba will query the
kernel for the list of all active interfaces and use any interfaces
except 127.0.0.1 that are broadcast capable.
The option takes a list of interface strings. Each string can be in
any of the following forms:
· a network interface name (such as eth0). This may include
shell-like wildcards so eth* will match any interface starting
with the substring "eth"
· an IP address. In this case the netmask is determined from the
list of interfaces obtained from the kernel
· an IP/mask pair.
· a broadcast/mask pair.
The "mask" parameters can either be a bit length (such as 24 for a
C class network) or a full netmask in dotted decimal form.
The "IP" parameters above can either be a full dotted decimal IP
address or a hostname which will be looked up via the OS´s normal
hostname resolution mechanisms.
By default Samba enables all active interfaces that are broadcast
capable except the loopback adaptor (IP address 127.0.0.1).
The example below configures three network interfaces corresponding
to the eth0 device and IP addresses 192.168.2.10 and 192.168.3.10.
The netmasks of the latter two interfaces would be set to
255.255.255.0.
Default: interfaces =
Example: interfaces = eth0 192.168.2.10/24
192.168.3.10/255.255.255.0
invalid users (S)
This is a list of users that should not be allowed to login to this
service. This is really a paranoid check to absolutely ensure an
improper setting does not breach your security.
A name starting with a ´@´ is interpreted as an NIS netgroup first
(if your system supports NIS), and then as a UNIX group if the name
was not found in the NIS netgroup database.
A name starting with ´+´ is interpreted only by looking in the UNIX
group database via the NSS getgrnam() interface. A name starting
with ´&´ is interpreted only by looking in the NIS netgroup
database (this requires NIS to be working on your system). The
characters ´+´ and ´&´ may be used at the start of the name in
either order so the value +&group means check the UNIX group
database, followed by the NIS netgroup database, and the value
&+group means check the NIS netgroup database, followed by the UNIX
group database (the same as the ´@´ prefix).
The current servicename is substituted for %S. This is useful in
the [homes] section.
Default: invalid users = # no invalid users
Example: invalid users = root fred admin @wheel
iprint server (G)
This parameter is only applicable if printing is set to iprint.
If set, this option overrides the ServerName option in the CUPS
client.conf. This is necessary if you have virtual samba servers
that connect to different CUPS daemons.
Default: iprint server = ""
Example: iprint server = MYCUPSSERVER
keepalive (G)
The value of the parameter (an integer) represents the number of
seconds between keepalive packets. If this parameter is zero, no
keepalive packets will be sent. Keepalive packets, if sent, allow
the server to tell whether a client is still present and
responding.
Keepalives should, in general, not be needed if the socket has the
SO_KEEPALIVE attribute set on it by default. (see socket options).
Basically you should only use this option if you strike
difficulties.
Default: keepalive = 300
Example: keepalive = 600
kerberos method (G)
Controls how kerberos tickets are verified.
Valid options are:
· secrets only - use only the secrets.tdb for ticket verification
(default)
· system keytab - use only the system keytab for ticket
verification
· dedicated keytab - use a dedicated keytab for ticket
verification
· secrets and keytab - use the secrets.tdb first, then the system
keytab
The major difference between "system keytab" and "dedicated keytab"
is that the latter method relies on kerberos to find the correct
keytab entry instead of filtering based on expected principals.
When the kerberos method is in "dedicated keytab" mode, dedicated
keytab file must be set to specify the location of the keytab file.
Default: kerberos method = secrets only
kernel change notify (S)
This parameter specifies whether Samba should ask the kernel for
change notifications in directories so that SMB clients can refresh
whenever the data on the server changes.
This parameter is only used when your kernel supports change
notification to user programs using the inotify interface.
Default: kernel change notify = yes
kernel oplocks (G)
For UNIXes that support kernel based oplocks (currently only IRIX
and the Linux 2.4 kernel), this parameter allows the use of them to
be turned on or off.
Kernel oplocks support allows Samba oplocks to be broken whenever a
local UNIX process or NFS operation accesses a file that smbd(8)
has oplocked. This allows complete data consistency between
SMB/CIFS, NFS and local file access (and is a very cool feature
:-).
This parameter defaults to on, but is translated to a no-op on
systems that no not have the necessary kernel support. You should
never need to touch this parameter.
Default: kernel oplocks = yes
lanman auth (G)
This parameter determines whether or not smbd(8) will attempt to
authenticate users or permit password changes using the LANMAN
password hash. If disabled, only clients which support NT password
hashes (e.g. Windows NT/2000 clients, smbclient, but not Windows
95/98 or the MS DOS network client) will be able to connect to the
Samba host.
The LANMAN encrypted response is easily broken, due to its
case-insensitive nature, and the choice of algorithm. Servers
without Windows 95/98/ME or MS DOS clients are advised to disable
this option.
When this parameter is set to no this will also result in
sambaLMPassword in Samba´s passdb being blanked after the next
password change. As a result of that lanman clients won´t be able
to authenticate, even if lanman auth is reenabled later on.
Unlike the encrypt passwords option, this parameter cannot alter
client behaviour, and the LANMAN response will still be sent over
the network. See the client lanman auth to disable this for Samba´s
clients (such as smbclient)
If this option, and ntlm auth are both disabled, then only NTLMv2
logins will be permited. Not all clients support NTLMv2, and most
will require special configuration to use it.
Default: lanman auth = no
large readwrite (G)
This parameter determines whether or not smbd(8) supports the new
64k streaming read and write variant SMB requests introduced with
Windows 2000. Note that due to Windows 2000 client redirector bugs
this requires Samba to be running on a 64-bit capable operating
system such as IRIX, Solaris or a Linux 2.4 kernel. Can improve
performance by 10% with Windows 2000 clients. Defaults to on. Not
as tested as some other Samba code paths.
Default: large readwrite = yes
ldap admin dn (G)
The ldap admin dn defines the Distinguished Name (DN) name used by
Samba to contact the ldap server when retreiving user account
information. The ldap admin dn is used in conjunction with the
admin dn password stored in the private/secrets.tdb file. See the
smbpasswd(8) man page for more information on how to accomplish
this.
The ldap admin dn requires a fully specified DN. The ldap suffix is
not appended to the ldap admin dn.
No default
ldap connection timeout (G)
This parameter tells the LDAP library calls which timeout in
seconds they should honor during initial connection establishments
to LDAP servers. It is very useful in failover scenarios in
particular. If one or more LDAP servers are not reachable at all,
we do not have to wait until TCP timeouts are over. This feature
must be supported by your LDAP library.
This parameter is different from ldap timeout which affects
operations on LDAP servers using an existing connection and not
establishing an initial connection.
Default: ldap connection timeout = 2
ldap debug level (G)
This parameter controls the debug level of the LDAP library calls.
In the case of OpenLDAP, it is the same bit-field as understood by
the server and documented in the slapd.conf(5) manpage. A typical
useful value will be 1 for tracing function calls.
The debug ouput from the LDAP libraries appears with the prefix
[LDAP] in Samba´s logging output. The level at which LDAP logging
is printed is controlled by the parameter ldap debug threshold.
Default: ldap debug level = 0
Example: ldap debug level = 1
ldap debug threshold (G)
This parameter controls the Samba debug level at which the ldap
library debug output is printed in the Samba logs. See the
description of ldap debug level for details.
Default: ldap debug threshold = 10
Example: ldap debug threshold = 5
ldap delete dn (G)
This parameter specifies whether a delete operation in the ldapsam
deletes the complete entry or only the attributes specific to
Samba.
Default: ldap delete dn = no
ldap deref (G)
This option controls whether Samba should tell the LDAP library to
use a certain alias dereferencing method. The default is auto,
which means that the default setting of the ldap client library
will be kept. Other possible values are never, finding, searching
and always. Grab your LDAP manual for more information.
Default: ldap deref = auto
Example: ldap deref = searching
ldap follow referral (G)
This option controls whether to follow LDAP referrals or not when
searching for entries in the LDAP database. Possible values are on
to enable following referrals, off to disable this, and auto, to
use the libldap default settings. libldap´s choice of following
referrals or not is set in /etc/openldap/ldap.conf with the
REFERRALS parameter as documented in ldap.conf(5).
Default: ldap follow referral = auto
Example: ldap follow referral = off
ldap group suffix (G)
This parameter specifies the suffix that is used for groups when
these are added to the LDAP directory. If this parameter is unset,
the value of ldap suffix will be used instead. The suffix string is
pre-pended to the ldap suffix string so use a partial DN.
Default: ldap group suffix =
Example: ldap group suffix = ou=Groups
ldap idmap suffix (G)
This parameters specifies the suffix that is used when storing
idmap mappings. If this parameter is unset, the value of ldap
suffix will be used instead. The suffix string is pre-pended to the
ldap suffix string so use a partial DN.
Default: ldap idmap suffix =
Example: ldap idmap suffix = ou=Idmap
ldap machine suffix (G)
It specifies where machines should be added to the ldap tree. If
this parameter is unset, the value of ldap suffix will be used
instead. The suffix string is pre-pended to the ldap suffix string
so use a partial DN.
Default: ldap machine suffix =
Example: ldap machine suffix = ou=Computers
ldap page size (G)
This parameter specifies the number of entries per page.
If the LDAP server supports paged results, clients can request
subsets of search results (pages) instead of the entire list. This
parameter specifies the size of these pages.
Default: ldap page size = 1024
Example: ldap page size = 512
ldap passwd sync (G)
This option is used to define whether or not Samba should sync the
LDAP password with the NT and LM hashes for normal accounts (NOT
for workstation, server or domain trusts) on a password change via
SAMBA.
The ldap passwd sync can be set to one of three values:
· Yes = Try to update the LDAP, NT and LM passwords and update
the pwdLastSet time.
· No = Update NT and LM passwords and update the pwdLastSet time.
· Only = Only update the LDAP password and let the LDAP server do
the rest.
Default: ldap passwd sync = no
ldap replication sleep (G)
When Samba is asked to write to a read-only LDAP replica, we are
redirected to talk to the read-write master server. This server
then replicates our changes back to the ´local´ server, however the
replication might take some seconds, especially over slow links.
Certain client activities, particularly domain joins, can become
confused by the ´success´ that does not immediately change the LDAP
back-end´s data.
This option simply causes Samba to wait a short time, to allow the
LDAP server to catch up. If you have a particularly high-latency
network, you may wish to time the LDAP replication with a network
sniffer, and increase this value accordingly. Be aware that no
checking is performed that the data has actually replicated.
The value is specified in milliseconds, the maximum value is 5000
(5 seconds).
Default: ldap replication sleep = 1000
ldapsam:editposix (G)
Editposix is an option that leverages ldapsam:trusted to make it
simpler to manage a domain controller eliminating the need to set
up custom scripts to add and manage the posix users and groups.
This option will instead directly manipulate the ldap tree to
create, remove and modify user and group entries. This option also
requires a running winbindd as it is used to allocate new uids/gids
on user/group creation. The allocation range must be therefore
configured.
To use this option, a basic ldap tree must be provided and the ldap
suffix parameters must be properly configured. On virgin servers
the default users and groups (Administrator, Guest, Domain Users,
Domain Admins, Domain Guests) can be precreated with the command
net sam provision. To run this command the ldap server must be
running, Winindd must be running and the smb.conf ldap options must
be properly configured. The typical ldap setup used with the
ldapsam:trusted = yes option is usually sufficient to use
ldapsam:editposix = yes as well.
An example configuration can be the following:
encrypt passwords = true
passdb backend = ldapsam
ldapsam:trusted=yes
ldapsam:editposix=yes
ldap admin dn = cn=admin,dc=samba,dc=org
ldap delete dn = yes
ldap group suffix = ou=groups
ldap idmap suffix = ou=idmap
ldap machine suffix = ou=computers
ldap user suffix = ou=users
ldap suffix = dc=samba,dc=org
idmap backend = ldap:"ldap://localhost"
idmap uid = 5000-50000
idmap gid = 5000-50000
This configuration assumes a directory layout like described in the
following ldif:
dn: dc=samba,dc=org
objectClass: top
objectClass: dcObject
objectClass: organization
o: samba.org
dc: samba
dn: cn=admin,dc=samba,dc=org
objectClass: simpleSecurityObject
objectClass: organizationalRole
cn: admin
description: LDAP administrator
userPassword: secret
dn: ou=users,dc=samba,dc=org
objectClass: top
objectClass: organizationalUnit
ou: users
dn: ou=groups,dc=samba,dc=org
objectClass: top
objectClass: organizationalUnit
ou: groups
dn: ou=idmap,dc=samba,dc=org
objectClass: top
objectClass: organizationalUnit
ou: idmap
dn: ou=computers,dc=samba,dc=org
objectClass: top
objectClass: organizationalUnit
ou: computers
Default: ldapsam:editposix = no
ldapsam:trusted (G)
By default, Samba as a Domain Controller with an LDAP backend needs
to use the Unix-style NSS subsystem to access user and group
information. Due to the way Unix stores user information in
/etc/passwd and /etc/group this inevitably leads to inefficiencies.
One important question a user needs to know is the list of groups
he is member of. The plain UNIX model involves a complete
enumeration of the file /etc/group and its NSS counterparts in
LDAP. UNIX has optimized functions to enumerate group membership.
Sadly, other functions that are used to deal with user and group
attributes lack such optimization.
To make Samba scale well in large environments, the ldapsam:trusted
= yes option assumes that the complete user and group database that
is relevant to Samba is stored in LDAP with the standard
posixAccount/posixGroup attributes. It further assumes that the
Samba auxiliary object classes are stored together with the POSIX
data in the same LDAP object. If these assumptions are met,
ldapsam:trusted = yes can be activated and Samba can bypass the NSS
system to query user group memberships. Optimized LDAP queries can
greatly speed up domain logon and administration tasks. Depending
on the size of the LDAP database a factor of 100 or more for common
queries is easily achieved.
Default: ldapsam:trusted = no
ldap ssl ads (G)
This option is used to define whether or not Samba should use SSL
when connecting to the ldap server using ads methods. Rpc methods
are not affected by this parameter. Please note, that this
parameter won´t have any effect if ldap ssl is set to no.
See smb.conf(5) for more information on ldap ssl.
Default: ldap ssl ads = no
ldap ssl (G)
This option is used to define whether or not Samba should use SSL
when connecting to the ldap server This is NOT related to Samba´s
previous SSL support which was enabled by specifying the --with-ssl
option to the configure script.
LDAP connections should be secured where possible. This may be done
setting either this parameter to Start_tls or by specifying
ldaps:// in the URL argument of passdb backend.
The ldap ssl can be set to one of two values:
· Off = Never use SSL when querying the directory.
· start tls = Use the LDAPv3 StartTLS extended operation
(RFC2830) for communicating with the directory server.
Please note that this parameter does only affect rpc methods. To
enable the LDAPv3 StartTLS extended operation (RFC2830) for ads,
set ldap ssl = yes and ldap ssl ads = yes. See smb.conf(5) for more
information on ldap ssl ads.
Default: ldap ssl = start tls
ldap suffix (G)
Specifies the base for all ldap suffixes and for storing the
sambaDomain object.
The ldap suffix will be appended to the values specified for the
ldap user suffix, ldap group suffix, ldap machine suffix, and the
ldap idmap suffix. Each of these should be given only a DN relative
to the ldap suffix.
Default: ldap suffix =
Example: ldap suffix = dc=samba,dc=org
ldap timeout (G)
This parameter defines the number of seconds that Samba should use
as timeout for LDAP operations.
Default: ldap timeout = 15
ldap user suffix (G)
This parameter specifies where users are added to the tree. If this
parameter is unset, the value of ldap suffix will be used instead.
The suffix string is pre-pended to the ldap suffix string so use a
partial DN.
Default: ldap user suffix =
Example: ldap user suffix = ou=people
level2 oplocks (S)
This parameter controls whether Samba supports level2 (read-only)
oplocks on a share.
Level2, or read-only oplocks allow Windows NT clients that have an
oplock on a file to downgrade from a read-write oplock to a
read-only oplock once a second client opens the file (instead of
releasing all oplocks on a second open, as in traditional,
exclusive oplocks). This allows all openers of the file that
support level2 oplocks to cache the file for read-ahead only (ie.
they may not cache writes or lock requests) and increases
performance for many accesses of files that are not commonly
written (such as application .EXE files).
Once one of the clients which have a read-only oplock writes to the
file all clients are notified (no reply is needed or waited for)
and told to break their oplocks to "none" and delete any read-ahead
caches.
It is recommended that this parameter be turned on to speed access
to shared executables.
For more discussions on level2 oplocks see the CIFS spec.
Currently, if kernel oplocks are supported then level2 oplocks are
not granted (even if this parameter is set to yes). Note also, the
oplocks parameter must be set to yes on this share in order for
this parameter to have any effect.
Default: level2 oplocks = yes
lm announce (G)
This parameter determines if nmbd(8) will produce Lanman announce
broadcasts that are needed by OS/2 clients in order for them to see
the Samba server in their browse list. This parameter can have
three values, yes, no, or auto. The default is auto. If set to no
Samba will never produce these broadcasts. If set to yes Samba will
produce Lanman announce broadcasts at a frequency set by the
parameter lm interval. If set to auto Samba will not send Lanman
announce broadcasts by default but will listen for them. If it
hears such a broadcast on the wire it will then start sending them
at a frequency set by the parameter lm interval.
Default: lm announce = auto
Example: lm announce = yes
lm interval (G)
If Samba is set to produce Lanman announce broadcasts needed by
OS/2 clients (see the lm announce parameter) then this parameter
defines the frequency in seconds with which they will be made. If
this is set to zero then no Lanman announcements will be made
despite the setting of the lm announce parameter.
Default: lm interval = 60
Example: lm interval = 120
load printers (G)
A boolean variable that controls whether all printers in the
printcap will be loaded for browsing by default. See the printers
section for more details.
Default: load printers = yes
local master (G)
This option allows nmbd(8) to try and become a local master browser
on a subnet. If set to no then
nmbd will not attempt to become a local master browser on a subnet
and will also lose in all browsing elections. By default this value
is set to yes. Setting this value to yes doesn´t mean that Samba
will become the local master browser on a subnet, just that nmbd
will participate in elections for local master browser.
Setting this value to no will cause nmbd never to become a local
master browser.
Default: local master = yes
lock dir
This parameter is a synonym for lock directory.
lock directory (G)
This option specifies the directory where lock files will be
placed. The lock files are used to implement the max connections
option.
Note: This option can not be set inside registry configurations.
Default: lock directory = ${prefix}/var/locks
Example: lock directory = /var/run/samba/locks
locking (S)
This controls whether or not locking will be performed by the
server in response to lock requests from the client.
If locking = no, all lock and unlock requests will appear to
succeed and all lock queries will report that the file in question
is available for locking.
If locking = yes, real locking will be performed by the server.
This option may be useful for read-only filesystems which may not
need locking (such as CDROM drives), although setting this
parameter of no is not really recommended even in this case.
Be careful about disabling locking either globally or in a specific
service, as lack of locking may result in data corruption. You
should never need to set this parameter.
No default
lock spin count (G)
This parameter has been made inoperative in Samba 3.0.24. The
functionality it contolled is now controlled by the parameter lock
spin time.
Default: lock spin count = 0
lock spin time (G)
The time in milliseconds that smbd should keep waiting to see if a
failed lock request can be granted. This parameter has changed in
default value from Samba 3.0.23 from 10 to 200. The associated lock
spin count parameter is no longer used in Samba 3.0.24. You should
not need to change the value of this parameter.
Default: lock spin time = 200
log file (G)
This option allows you to override the name of the Samba log file
(also known as the debug file).
This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you to have
separate log files for each user or machine.
No default
Example: log file = /usr/local/samba/var/log.%m
debuglevel
This parameter is a synonym for log level.
log level (G)
The value of the parameter (a astring) allows the debug level
(logging level) to be specified in the smb.conf file.
This parameter has been extended since the 2.2.x series, now it
allows to specify the debug level for multiple debug classes. This
is to give greater flexibility in the configuration of the system.
The following debug classes are currently implemented:
· all
· tdb
· printdrivers
· lanman
· smb
· rpc_parse
· rpc_srv
· rpc_cli
· passdb
· sam
· auth
· winbind
· vfs
· idmap
· quota
· acls
· locking
· msdfs
· dmapi
· registry
Default: log level = 0
Example: log level = 3 passdb:5 auth:10 winbind:2
logon drive (G)
This parameter specifies the local path to which the home directory
will be connected (see logon home) and is only used by NT
Workstations.
Note that this option is only useful if Samba is set up as a logon
server.
Default: logon drive =
Example: logon drive = h:
logon home (G)
This parameter specifies the home directory location when a
Win95/98 or NT Workstation logs into a Samba PDC. It allows you to
do
C:\>NET USE H: /HOME
from a command prompt, for example.
This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you to have
separate logon scripts for each user or machine.
This parameter can be used with Win9X workstations to ensure that
roaming profiles are stored in a subdirectory of the user´s home
directory. This is done in the following way:
logon home = \\%N\%U\profile
This tells Samba to return the above string, with substitutions
made when a client requests the info, generally in a NetUserGetInfo
request. Win9X clients truncate the info to \\server\share when a
user does net use /home but use the whole string when dealing with
profiles.
Note that in prior versions of Samba, the logon path was returned
rather than logon home. This broke net use /home but allowed
profiles outside the home directory. The current implementation is
correct, and can be used for profiles if you use the above trick.
Disable this feature by setting logon home = "" - using the empty
string.
This option is only useful if Samba is set up as a logon server.
Default: logon home = \\%N\%U
Example: logon home = \\remote_smb_server\%U
logon path (G)
This parameter specifies the directory where roaming profiles
(Desktop, NTuser.dat, etc) are stored. Contrary to previous
versions of these manual pages, it has nothing to do with Win 9X
roaming profiles. To find out how to handle roaming profiles for
Win 9X system, see the logon home parameter.
This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you to have
separate logon scripts for each user or machine. It also specifies
the directory from which the "Application Data", desktop, start
menu, network neighborhood, programs and other folders, and their
contents, are loaded and displayed on your Windows NT client.
The share and the path must be readable by the user for the
preferences and directories to be loaded onto the Windows NT
client. The share must be writeable when the user logs in for the
first time, in order that the Windows NT client can create the
NTuser.dat and other directories. Thereafter, the directories and
any of the contents can, if required, be made read-only. It is not
advisable that the NTuser.dat file be made read-only - rename it to
NTuser.man to achieve the desired effect (a MANdatory profile).
Windows clients can sometimes maintain a connection to the [homes]
share, even though there is no user logged in. Therefore, it is
vital that the logon path does not include a reference to the homes
share (i.e. setting this parameter to \\%N\homes\profile_path will
cause problems).
This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you to have
separate logon scripts for each user or machine.
Warning
Do not quote the value. Setting this as “\\%N\profile\%U” will
break profile handling. Where the tdbsam or ldapsam passdb
backend is used, at the time the user account is created the
value configured for this parameter is written to the passdb
backend and that value will over-ride the parameter value
present in the smb.conf file. Any error present in the passdb
backend account record must be editted using the appropriate
tool (pdbedit on the command-line, or any other locally
provided system tool).
Note that this option is only useful if Samba is set up as a domain
controller.
Disable the use of roaming profiles by setting the value of this
parameter to the empty string. For example, logon path = "". Take
note that even if the default setting in the smb.conf file is the
empty string, any value specified in the user account settings in
the passdb backend will over-ride the effect of setting this
parameter to null. Disabling of all roaming profile use requires
that the user account settings must also be blank.
An example of use is:
logon path = \\PROFILESERVER\PROFILE\%U
Default: logon path = \\%N\%U\profile
logon script (G)
This parameter specifies the batch file (.bat) or NT command file
(.cmd) to be downloaded and run on a machine when a user
successfully logs in. The file must contain the DOS style CR/LF
line endings. Using a DOS-style editor to create the file is
recommended.
The script must be a relative path to the [netlogon] service. If
the [netlogon] service specifies a path of
/usr/local/samba/netlogon, and logon script = STARTUP.BAT, then the
file that will be downloaded is:
/usr/local/samba/netlogon/STARTUP.BAT
The contents of the batch file are entirely your choice. A
suggested command would be to add NET TIME \\SERVER /SET /YES, to
force every machine to synchronize clocks with the same time
server. Another use would be to add NET USE U: \\SERVER\UTILS for
commonly used utilities, or
NET USE Q: \\SERVER\ISO9001_QA
for example.
Note that it is particularly important not to allow write access to
the [netlogon] share, or to grant users write permission on the
batch files in a secure environment, as this would allow the batch
files to be arbitrarily modified and security to be breached.
This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you to have
separate logon scripts for each user or machine.
This option is only useful if Samba is set up as a logon server.
Default: logon script =
Example: logon script = scripts\%U.bat
lppause command (S)
This parameter specifies the command to be executed on the server
host in order to stop printing or spooling a specific print job.
This command should be a program or script which takes a printer
name and job number to pause the print job. One way of implementing
this is by using job priorities, where jobs having a too low
priority won´t be sent to the printer.
If a %p is given then the printer name is put in its place. A %j is
replaced with the job number (an integer). On HPUX (see
printing=hpux ), if the -p%p option is added to the lpq command,
the job will show up with the correct status, i.e. if the job
priority is lower than the set fence priority it will have the
PAUSED status, whereas if the priority is equal or higher it will
have the SPOOLED or PRINTING status.
Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path in the
lppause command as the PATH may not be available to the server.
Default: lppause command = # Currently no default value is given
to this string, unless the value of the printing parameter is SYSV,
in which case the default is : lp -i %p-%j -H hold or if the value
of the printing parameter is SOFTQ, then the default is: qstat -s
-j%j -h.
Example: lppause command = /usr/bin/lpalt %p-%j -p0
lpq cache time (G)
This controls how long lpq info will be cached for to prevent the
lpq command being called too often. A separate cache is kept for
each variation of the
lpq command used by the system, so if you use different lpq
commands for different users then they won´t share cache
information.
The cache files are stored in /tmp/lpq.xxxx where xxxx is a hash of
the lpq command in use.
The default is 30 seconds, meaning that the cached results of a
previous identical lpq command will be used if the cached data is
less than 30 seconds old. A large value may be advisable if your
lpq command is very slow.
A value of 0 will disable caching completely.
Default: lpq cache time = 30
Example: lpq cache time = 10
lpq command (S)
This parameter specifies the command to be executed on the server
host in order to obtain lpq -style printer status information.
This command should be a program or script which takes a printer
name as its only parameter and outputs printer status information.
Currently nine styles of printer status information are supported;
BSD, AIX, LPRNG, PLP, SYSV, HPUX, QNX, CUPS, and SOFTQ. This covers
most UNIX systems. You control which type is expected using the
printing = option.
Some clients (notably Windows for Workgroups) may not correctly
send the connection number for the printer they are requesting
status information about. To get around this, the server reports on
the first printer service connected to by the client. This only
happens if the connection number sent is invalid.
If a %p is given then the printer name is put in its place.
Otherwise it is placed at the end of the command.
Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path in the
lpq command as the $PATH may not be available to the server. When
compiled with the CUPS libraries, no lpq command is needed because
smbd will make a library call to obtain the print queue listing.
Default: lpq command =
Example: lpq command = /usr/bin/lpq -P%p
lpresume command (S)
This parameter specifies the command to be executed on the server
host in order to restart or continue printing or spooling a
specific print job.
This command should be a program or script which takes a printer
name and job number to resume the print job. See also the lppause
command parameter.
If a %p is given then the printer name is put in its place. A %j is
replaced with the job number (an integer).
Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path in the
lpresume command as the PATH may not be available to the server.
See also the printing parameter.
Default: Currently no default value is given to this string, unless
the value of the printing parameter is SYSV, in which case the
default is:
lp -i %p-%j -H resume
or if the value of the printing parameter is SOFTQ, then the
default is:
qstat -s -j%j -r
No default
Example: lpresume command = /usr/bin/lpalt %p-%j -p2
lprm command (S)
This parameter specifies the command to be executed on the server
host in order to delete a print job.
This command should be a program or script which takes a printer
name and job number, and deletes the print job.
If a %p is given then the printer name is put in its place. A %j is
replaced with the job number (an integer).
Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path in the
lprm command as the PATH may not be available to the server.
Examples of use are:
lprm command = /usr/bin/lprm -P%p %j
or
lprm command = /usr/bin/cancel %p-%j
Default: lprm command = determined by printing parameter
machine password timeout (G)
If a Samba server is a member of a Windows NT Domain (see the
security = domain parameter) then periodically a running smbd
process will try and change the MACHINE ACCOUNT PASSWORD stored in
the TDB called private/secrets.tdb . This parameter specifies how
often this password will be changed, in seconds. The default is one
week (expressed in seconds), the same as a Windows NT Domain member
server.
See also smbpasswd(8), and the security = domain parameter.
Default: machine password timeout = 604800
magic output (S)
This parameter specifies the name of a file which will contain
output created by a magic script (see the magic script parameter
below).
Warning
If two clients use the same magic script in the same directory
the output file content is undefined.
Default: magic output = <magic script name>.out
Example: magic output = myfile.txt
magic script (S)
This parameter specifies the name of a file which, if opened, will
be executed by the server when the file is closed. This allows a
UNIX script to be sent to the Samba host and executed on behalf of
the connected user.
Scripts executed in this way will be deleted upon completion
assuming that the user has the appropriate level of privilege and
the file permissions allow the deletion.
If the script generates output, output will be sent to the file
specified by the magic output parameter (see above).
Note that some shells are unable to interpret scripts containing
CR/LF instead of CR as the end-of-line marker. Magic scripts must
be executable as is on the host, which for some hosts and some
shells will require filtering at the DOS end.
Magic scripts are EXPERIMENTAL and should NOT be relied upon.
Default: magic script =
Example: magic script = user.csh
mangled names (S)
This controls whether non-DOS names under UNIX should be mapped to
DOS-compatible names ("mangled") and made visible, or whether
non-DOS names should simply be ignored.
See the section on name mangling for details on how to control the
mangling process.
If mangling is used then the mangling method is as follows:
· The first (up to) five alphanumeric characters before the
rightmost dot of the filename are preserved, forced to upper
case, and appear as the first (up to) five characters of the
mangled name.
· A tilde "~" is appended to the first part of the mangled name,
followed by a two-character unique sequence, based on the
original root name (i.e., the original filename minus its final
extension). The final extension is included in the hash
calculation only if it contains any upper case characters or is
longer than three characters.
Note that the character to use may be specified using the
mangling char option, if you don´t like ´~´.
· Files whose UNIX name begins with a dot will be presented as
DOS hidden files. The mangled name will be created as for other
filenames, but with the leading dot removed and "___" as its
extension regardless of actual original extension (that´s three
underscores).
The two-digit hash value consists of upper case alphanumeric
characters.
This algorithm can cause name collisions only if files in a
directory share the same first five alphanumeric characters. The
probability of such a clash is 1/1300.
The name mangling (if enabled) allows a file to be copied between
UNIX directories from Windows/DOS while retaining the long UNIX
filename. UNIX files can be renamed to a new extension from
Windows/DOS and will retain the same basename. Mangled names do not
change between sessions.
Default: mangled names = yes
mangle prefix (G)
controls the number of prefix characters from the original name
used when generating the mangled names. A larger value will give a
weaker hash and therefore more name collisions. The minimum value
is 1 and the maximum value is 6.
mangle prefix is effective only when mangling method is hash2.
Default: mangle prefix = 1
Example: mangle prefix = 4
mangling char (S)
This controls what character is used as the magic character in name
mangling. The default is a ´~´ but this may interfere with some
software. Use this option to set it to whatever you prefer. This is
effective only when mangling method is hash.
Default: mangling char = ~
Example: mangling char = ^
mangling method (G)
controls the algorithm used for the generating the mangled names.
Can take two different values, "hash" and "hash2". "hash" is the
algorithm that was used used in Samba for many years and was the
default in Samba 2.2.x "hash2" is now the default and is newer and
considered a better algorithm (generates less collisions) in the
names. Many Win32 applications store the mangled names and so
changing to algorithms must not be done lightly as these
applications may break unless reinstalled.
Default: mangling method = hash2
Example: mangling method = hash
map acl inherit (S)
This boolean parameter controls whether smbd(8) will attempt to map
the ´inherit´ and ´protected´ access control entry flags stored in
Windows ACLs into an extended attribute called user.SAMBA_PAI. This
parameter only takes effect if Samba is being run on a platform
that supports extended attributes (Linux and IRIX so far) and
allows the Windows 2000 ACL editor to correctly use inheritance
with the Samba POSIX ACL mapping code.
Default: map acl inherit = no
map archive (S)
This controls whether the DOS archive attribute should be mapped to
the UNIX owner execute bit. The DOS archive bit is set when a file
has been modified since its last backup. One motivation for this
option is to keep Samba/your PC from making any file it touches
from becoming executable under UNIX. This can be quite annoying for
shared source code, documents, etc...
Note that this requires the create mask parameter to be set such
that owner execute bit is not masked out (i.e. it must include
100). See the parameter create mask for details.
Default: map archive = yes
map hidden (S)
This controls whether DOS style hidden files should be mapped to
the UNIX world execute bit.
Note that this requires the create mask to be set such that the
world execute bit is not masked out (i.e. it must include 001). See
the parameter create mask for details.
No default
map readonly (S)
This controls how the DOS read only attribute should be mapped from
a UNIX filesystem.
This parameter can take three different values, which tell smbd(8)
how to display the read only attribute on files, where either store
dos attributes is set to No, or no extended attribute is present.
If store dos attributes is set to yes then this parameter is
ignored. This is a new parameter introduced in Samba version
3.0.21.
The three settings are :
· Yes - The read only DOS attribute is mapped to the inverse of
the user or owner write bit in the unix permission mode set. If
the owner write bit is not set, the read only attribute is
reported as being set on the file. If the read only DOS
attribute is set, Samba sets the owner, group and others write
bits to zero. Write bits set in an ACL are ignored by Samba. If
the read only DOS attribute is unset, Samba simply sets the
write bit of the owner to one.
· Permissions - The read only DOS attribute is mapped to the
effective permissions of the connecting user, as evaluated by
smbd(8) by reading the unix permissions and POSIX ACL (if
present). If the connecting user does not have permission to
modify the file, the read only attribute is reported as being
set on the file.
· No - The read only DOS attribute is unaffected by permissions,
and can only be set by the store dos attributes method. This
may be useful for exporting mounted CDs.
Default: map readonly = yes
map system (S)
This controls whether DOS style system files should be mapped to
the UNIX group execute bit.
Note that this requires the create mask to be set such that the
group execute bit is not masked out (i.e. it must include 010). See
the parameter create mask for details.
Default: map system = no
map to guest (G)
This parameter is only useful in SECURITY = security modes other
than security = share and security = server - i.e. user, and
domain.
This parameter can take four different values, which tell smbd(8)
what to do with user login requests that don´t match a valid UNIX
user in some way.
The four settings are :
· Never - Means user login requests with an invalid password are
rejected. This is the default.
· Bad User - Means user logins with an invalid password are
rejected, unless the username does not exist, in which case it
is treated as a guest login and mapped into the guest account.
· Bad Password - Means user logins with an invalid password are
treated as a guest login and mapped into the guest account.
Note that this can cause problems as it means that any user
incorrectly typing their password will be silently logged on as
"guest" - and will not know the reason they cannot access files
they think they should - there will have been no message given
to them that they got their password wrong. Helpdesk services
will hate you if you set the map to guest parameter this way
:-).
· Bad Uid - Is only applicable when Samba is configured in some
type of domain mode security (security = {domain|ads}) and
means that user logins which are successfully authenticated but
which have no valid Unix user account (and smbd is unable to
create one) should be mapped to the defined guest account. This
was the default behavior of Samba 2.x releases. Note that if a
member server is running winbindd, this option should never be
required because the nss_winbind library will export the
Windows domain users and groups to the underlying OS via the
Name Service Switch interface.
Note that this parameter is needed to set up "Guest" share services
when using security modes other than share and server. This is
because in these modes the name of the resource being requested is
not sent to the server until after the server has successfully
authenticated the client so the server cannot make authentication
decisions at the correct time (connection to the share) for "Guest"
shares. This parameter is not useful with security = server as in
this security mode no information is returned about whether a user
logon failed due to a bad username or bad password, the same error
is returned from a modern server in both cases.
For people familiar with the older Samba releases, this parameter
maps to the old compile-time setting of the
GUEST_SESSSETUP value in local.h.
Default: map to guest = Never
Example: map to guest = Bad User
map untrusted to domain (G)
If a client connects to smbd using an untrusted domain name, such
as BOGUS\user, smbd replaces the BOGUS domain with it´s SAM name
before attempting to authenticate that user. In the case where smbd
is acting as a PDC this will be DOMAIN\user. In the case where smbd
is acting as a domain member server or a standalone server this
will be WORKSTATION\user.
In previous versions of Samba (pre 3.4), if smbd was acting as a
domain member server, the BOGUS domain name would instead be
replaced by the primary domain which smbd was a member of. In this
case authentication would be deferred off to a DC using the
credentials DOMAIN\user.
When this parameter is set to yes smbd provides the legacy behavior
of mapping untrusted domain names to the primary domain. When smbd
is not acting as a domain member server, this parameter has no
effect.
Default: map untrusted to domain = no
max connections (S)
This option allows the number of simultaneous connections to a
service to be limited. If max connections is greater than 0 then
connections will be refused if this number of connections to the
service are already open. A value of zero mean an unlimited number
of connections may be made.
Record lock files are used to implement this feature. The lock
files will be stored in the directory specified by the lock
directory option.
Default: max connections = 0
Example: max connections = 10
max disk size (G)
This option allows you to put an upper limit on the apparent size
of disks. If you set this option to 100 then all shares will appear
to be not larger than 100 MB in size.
Note that this option does not limit the amount of data you can put
on the disk. In the above case you could still store much more than
100 MB on the disk, but if a client ever asks for the amount of
free disk space or the total disk size then the result will be
bounded by the amount specified in max disk size.
This option is primarily useful to work around bugs in some pieces
of software that can´t handle very large disks, particularly disks
over 1GB in size.
A max disk size of 0 means no limit.
Default: max disk size = 0
Example: max disk size = 1000
max log size (G)
This option (an integer in kilobytes) specifies the max size the
log file should grow to. Samba periodically checks the size and if
it is exceeded it will rename the file, adding a .old extension.
A size of 0 means no limit.
Default: max log size = 5000
Example: max log size = 1000
max mux (G)
This option controls the maximum number of outstanding simultaneous
SMB operations that Samba tells the client it will allow. You
should never need to set this parameter.
Default: max mux = 50
max open files (G)
This parameter limits the maximum number of open files that one
smbd(8) file serving process may have open for a client at any one
time. The This parameter can be set very high (16404) as Samba uses
only one bit per unopened file. Setting this parameter lower than
16404 will cause Samba to complain and set this value back to the
minimum of 16404, as Windows 7 depends on this number of open file
handles being available.
The limit of the number of open files is usually set by the UNIX
per-process file descriptor limit rather than this parameter so you
should never need to touch this parameter.
Default: max open files = 16404
max print jobs (S)
This parameter limits the maximum number of jobs allowable in a
Samba printer queue at any given moment. If this number is
exceeded, smbd(8) will remote "Out of Space" to the client.
Default: max print jobs = 1000
Example: max print jobs = 5000
protocol
This parameter is a synonym for max protocol.
max protocol (G)
The value of the parameter (a string) is the highest protocol level
that will be supported by the server.
Possible values are :
· CORE: Earliest version. No concept of user names.
· COREPLUS: Slight improvements on CORE for efficiency.
· LANMAN1: First
modern version of the protocol. Long filename support.
· LANMAN2: Updates to Lanman1 protocol.
· NT1: Current up to date version of the protocol. Used by
Windows NT. Known as CIFS.
· SMB2: Re-implementation of the SMB protocol. Used by Windows
Vista and newer. The Samba implementation of SMB2 is currently
marked experimental!
Normally this option should not be set as the automatic negotiation
phase in the SMB protocol takes care of choosing the appropriate
protocol.
Default: max protocol = NT1
Example: max protocol = LANMAN1
max reported print jobs (S)
This parameter limits the maximum number of jobs displayed in a
port monitor for Samba printer queue at any given moment. If this
number is exceeded, the excess jobs will not be shown. A value of
zero means there is no limit on the number of print jobs reported.
Default: max reported print jobs = 0
Example: max reported print jobs = 1000
max smbd processes (G)
This parameter limits the maximum number of smbd(8) processes
concurrently running on a system and is intended as a stopgap to
prevent degrading service to clients in the event that the server
has insufficient resources to handle more than this number of
connections. Remember that under normal operating conditions, each
user will have an smbd(8) associated with him or her to handle
connections to all shares from a given host.
Default: max smbd processes = 0
Example: max smbd processes = 1000
max stat cache size (G)
This parameter limits the size in memory of any stat cache being
used to speed up case insensitive name mappings. It represents the
number of kilobyte (1024) units the stat cache can use. A value of
zero, meaning unlimited, is not advisable due to increased memory
useage. You should not need to change this parameter.
Default: max stat cache size = 256
Example: max stat cache size = 100
max ttl (G)
This option tells nmbd(8) what the default ´time to live´ of
NetBIOS names should be (in seconds) when nmbd is requesting a name
using either a broadcast packet or from a WINS server. You should
never need to change this parameter. The default is 3 days.
Default: max ttl = 259200
max wins ttl (G)
This option tells smbd(8) when acting as a WINS server (wins
support = yes) what the maximum ´time to live´ of NetBIOS names
that nmbd will grant will be (in seconds). You should never need to
change this parameter. The default is 6 days (518400 seconds).
Default: max wins ttl = 518400
max xmit (G)
This option controls the maximum packet size that will be
negotiated by Samba. The default is 16644, which matches the
behavior of Windows 2000. A value below 2048 is likely to cause
problems. You should never need to change this parameter from its
default value.
Default: max xmit = 16644
Example: max xmit = 8192
message command (G)
This specifies what command to run when the server receives a
WinPopup style message.
This would normally be a command that would deliver the message
somehow. How this is to be done is up to your imagination.
An example is:
message command = csh -c ´xedit %s;rm %s´ &
This delivers the message using xedit, then removes it afterwards.
NOTE THAT IT IS VERY IMPORTANT THAT THIS COMMAND RETURN
IMMEDIATELY. That´s why I have the ´&´ on the end. If it doesn´t
return immediately then your PCs may freeze when sending messages
(they should recover after 30 seconds, hopefully).
All messages are delivered as the global guest user. The command
takes the standard substitutions, although
%u won´t work (%U may be better in this case).
Apart from the standard substitutions, some additional ones apply.
In particular:
· %s = the filename containing the message.
· %t = the destination that the message was sent to (probably the
server name).
· %f = who the message is from.
You could make this command send mail, or whatever else takes your
fancy. Please let us know of any really interesting ideas you have.
Here´s a way of sending the messages as mail to root:
message command = /bin/mail -s ´message from %f on %m´ root < %s; rm %s
If you don´t have a message command then the message won´t be
delivered and Samba will tell the sender there was an error.
Unfortunately WfWg totally ignores the error code and carries on
regardless, saying that the message was delivered.
If you want to silently delete it then try:
message command = rm %s
Default: message command =
Example: message command = csh -c ´xedit %s; rm %s´ &
min print space (S)
This sets the minimum amount of free disk space that must be
available before a user will be able to spool a print job. It is
specified in kilobytes. The default is 0, which means a user can
always spool a print job.
Default: min print space = 0
Example: min print space = 2000
min protocol (G)
The value of the parameter (a string) is the lowest SMB protocol
dialect than Samba will support. Please refer to the max protocol
parameter for a list of valid protocol names and a brief
description of each. You may also wish to refer to the C source
code in source/smbd/negprot.c for a listing of known protocol
dialects supported by clients.
If you are viewing this parameter as a security measure, you should
also refer to the lanman auth parameter. Otherwise, you should
never need to change this parameter.
Default: min protocol = CORE
Example: min protocol = NT1
min receivefile size (G)
This option changes the behavior of smbd(8) when processing
SMBwriteX calls. Any incoming SMBwriteX call on a non-signed
SMB/CIFS connection greater than this value will not be processed
in the normal way but will be passed to any underlying kernel
recvfile or splice system call (if there is no such call Samba will
emulate in user space). This allows zero-copy writes directly from
network socket buffers into the filesystem buffer cache, if
available. It may improve performance but user testing is
recommended. If set to zero Samba processes SMBwriteX calls in the
normal way. To enable POSIX large write support (SMB/CIFS writes up
to 16Mb) this option must be nonzero. The maximum value is 128k.
Values greater than 128k will be silently set to 128k.
Note this option will have NO EFFECT if set on a SMB signed
connection.
The default is zero, which diables this option.
Default: min receivefile size = 0
min wins ttl (G)
This option tells nmbd(8) when acting as a WINS server (wins
support = yes) what the minimum ´time to live´ of NetBIOS names
that nmbd will grant will be (in seconds). You should never need to
change this parameter. The default is 6 hours (21600 seconds).
Default: min wins ttl = 21600
msdfs proxy (S)
This parameter indicates that the share is a stand-in for another
CIFS share whose location is specified by the value of the
parameter. When clients attempt to connect to this share, they are
redirected to the proxied share using the SMB-Dfs protocol.
Only Dfs roots can act as proxy shares. Take a look at the msdfs
root and host msdfs options to find out how to set up a Dfs root
share.
No default
Example: msdfs proxy = \otherserver\someshare
msdfs root (S)
If set to yes, Samba treats the share as a Dfs root and allows
clients to browse the distributed file system tree rooted at the
share directory. Dfs links are specified in the share directory by
symbolic links of the form msdfs:serverA\\shareA,serverB\\shareB
and so on. For more information on setting up a Dfs tree on Samba,
refer to the MSDFS chapter in the Samba3-HOWTO book.
Default: msdfs root = no
name cache timeout (G)
Specifies the number of seconds it takes before entries in samba´s
hostname resolve cache time out. If the timeout is set to 0. the
caching is disabled.
Default: name cache timeout = 660
Example: name cache timeout = 0
name resolve order (G)
This option is used by the programs in the Samba suite to determine
what naming services to use and in what order to resolve host names
to IP addresses. Its main purpose to is to control how netbios name
resolution is performed. The option takes a space separated string
of name resolution options.
The options are: "lmhosts", "host", "wins" and "bcast". They cause
names to be resolved as follows:
· lmhosts : Lookup an IP address in the Samba lmhosts file. If
the line in lmhosts has no name type attached to the NetBIOS
name (see the manpage for lmhosts for details) then any name
type matches for lookup.
· host : Do a standard host name to IP address resolution, using
the system /etc/hosts , NIS, or DNS lookups. This method of
name resolution is operating system depended for instance on
IRIX or Solaris this may be controlled by the
/etc/nsswitch.conf file. Note that this method is used only if
the NetBIOS name type being queried is the 0x20 (server) name
type or 0x1c (domain controllers). The latter case is only
useful for active directory domains and results in a DNS query
for the SRV RR entry matching _ldap._tcp.domain.
· wins : Query a name with the IP address listed in the
WINSSERVER parameter. If no WINS server has been specified this
method will be ignored.
· bcast : Do a broadcast on each of the known local interfaces
listed in the interfaces parameter. This is the least reliable
of the name resolution methods as it depends on the target host
being on a locally connected subnet.
The example below will cause the local lmhosts file to be examined
first, followed by a broadcast attempt, followed by a normal system
hostname lookup.
When Samba is functioning in ADS security mode (security = ads) it
is advised to use following settings for name resolve order:
name resolve order = wins bcast
DC lookups will still be done via DNS, but fallbacks to netbios
names will not inundate your DNS servers with needless querys for
DOMAIN<0x1c> lookups.
Default: name resolve order = lmhosts host wins bcast
Example: name resolve order = lmhosts bcast host
netbios aliases (G)
This is a list of NetBIOS names that nmbd will advertise as
additional names by which the Samba server is known. This allows
one machine to appear in browse lists under multiple names. If a
machine is acting as a browse server or logon server none of these
names will be advertised as either browse server or logon servers,
only the primary name of the machine will be advertised with these
capabilities.
Default: netbios aliases = # empty string (no additional names)
Example: netbios aliases = TEST TEST1 TEST2
netbios name (G)
This sets the NetBIOS name by which a Samba server is known. By
default it is the same as the first component of the host´s DNS
name. If a machine is a browse server or logon server this name (or
the first component of the hosts DNS name) will be the name that
these services are advertised under.
There is a bug in Samba-3 that breaks operation of browsing and
access to shares if the netbios name is set to the literal name
PIPE. To avoid this problem, do not name your Samba-3 server PIPE.
Default: netbios name = # machine DNS name
Example: netbios name = MYNAME
netbios scope (G)
This sets the NetBIOS scope that Samba will operate under. This
should not be set unless every machine on your LAN also sets this
value.
Default: netbios scope =
nis homedir (G)
Get the home share server from a NIS map. For UNIX systems that use
an automounter, the user´s home directory will often be mounted on
a workstation on demand from a remote server.
When the Samba logon server is not the actual home directory
server, but is mounting the home directories via NFS then two
network hops would be required to access the users home directory
if the logon server told the client to use itself as the SMB server
for home directories (one over SMB and one over NFS). This can be
very slow.
This option allows Samba to return the home share as being on a
different server to the logon server and as long as a Samba daemon
is running on the home directory server, it will be mounted on the
Samba client directly from the directory server. When Samba is
returning the home share to the client, it will consult the NIS map
specified in homedir map and return the server listed there.
Note that for this option to work there must be a working NIS
system and the Samba server with this option must also be a logon
server.
Default: nis homedir = no
nmbd bind explicit broadcast (G)
This option causes nmbd(8) to explicitly bind to the broadcast
address of the local subnets. This is needed to make nmbd work
correctly in combination with the socket address option. You should
not need to unset this option.
Default: nmbd bind explicit broadcast = yes
nt acl support (S)
This boolean parameter controls whether smbd(8) will attempt to map
UNIX permissions into Windows NT access control lists. The UNIX
permissions considered are the the traditional UNIX owner and group
permissions, as well as POSIX ACLs set on any files or directories.
This parameter was formally a global parameter in releases prior to
2.2.2.
Default: nt acl support = yes
ntlm auth (G)
This parameter determines whether or not smbd(8) will attempt to
authenticate users using the NTLM encrypted password response. If
disabled, either the lanman password hash or an NTLMv2 response
will need to be sent by the client.
If this option, and lanman auth are both disabled, then only NTLMv2
logins will be permited. Not all clients support NTLMv2, and most
will require special configuration to use it.
Default: ntlm auth = yes
nt pipe support (G)
This boolean parameter controls whether smbd(8) will allow Windows
NT clients to connect to the NT SMB specific IPC$ pipes. This is a
developer debugging option and can be left alone.
Default: nt pipe support = yes
nt status support (G)
This boolean parameter controls whether smbd(8) will negotiate NT
specific status support with Windows NT/2k/XP clients. This is a
developer debugging option and should be left alone. If this option
is set to no then Samba offers exactly the same DOS error codes
that versions prior to Samba 2.2.3 reported.
You should not need to ever disable this parameter.
Default: nt status support = yes
null passwords (G)
Allow or disallow client access to accounts that have null
passwords.
See also smbpasswd(5).
Default: null passwords = no
obey pam restrictions (G)
When Samba 3.0 is configured to enable PAM support (i.e.
--with-pam), this parameter will control whether or not Samba
should obey PAM´s account and session management directives. The
default behavior is to use PAM for clear text authentication only
and to ignore any account or session management. Note that Samba
always ignores PAM for authentication in the case of encrypt
passwords = yes. The reason is that PAM modules cannot support the
challenge/response authentication mechanism needed in the presence
of SMB password encryption.
Default: obey pam restrictions = no
only user (S)
This is a boolean option that controls whether connections with
usernames not in the user list will be allowed. By default this
option is disabled so that a client can supply a username to be
used by the server. Enabling this parameter will force the server
to only use the login names from the user list and is only really
useful in security = share level security.
Note that this also means Samba won´t try to deduce usernames from
the service name. This can be annoying for the [homes] section. To
get around this you could use user = %S which means your user list
will be just the service name, which for home directories is the
name of the user.
Default: only user = no
oplock break wait time (G)
This is a tuning parameter added due to bugs in both Windows 9x and
WinNT. If Samba responds to a client too quickly when that client
issues an SMB that can cause an oplock break request, then the
network client can fail and not respond to the break request. This
tuning parameter (which is set in milliseconds) is the amount of
time Samba will wait before sending an oplock break request to such
(broken) clients.
Warning
DO NOT CHANGE THIS PARAMETER UNLESS YOU HAVE READ AND
UNDERSTOOD THE SAMBA OPLOCK CODE.
Default: oplock break wait time = 0
oplock contention limit (S)
This is a very advanced smbd(8) tuning option to improve the
efficiency of the granting of oplocks under multiple client
contention for the same file.
In brief it specifies a number, which causes smbd(8)not to grant an
oplock even when requested if the approximate number of clients
contending for an oplock on the same file goes over this limit.
This causes smbd to behave in a similar way to Windows NT.
Warning
DO NOT CHANGE THIS PARAMETER UNLESS YOU HAVE READ AND
UNDERSTOOD THE SAMBA OPLOCK CODE.
Default: oplock contention limit = 2
oplocks (S)
This boolean option tells smbd whether to issue oplocks
(opportunistic locks) to file open requests on this share. The
oplock code can dramatically (approx. 30% or more) improve the
speed of access to files on Samba servers. It allows the clients to
aggressively cache files locally and you may want to disable this
option for unreliable network environments (it is turned on by
default in Windows NT Servers).
Oplocks may be selectively turned off on certain files with a
share. See the veto oplock files parameter. On some systems oplocks
are recognized by the underlying operating system. This allows data
synchronization between all access to oplocked files, whether it be
via Samba or NFS or a local UNIX process. See the kernel oplocks
parameter for details.
Default: oplocks = yes
os2 driver map (G)
The parameter is used to define the absolute path to a file
containing a mapping of Windows NT printer driver names to OS/2
printer driver names. The format is:
<nt driver name> = <os2 driver name>.<device name>
For example, a valid entry using the HP LaserJet 5 printer driver
would appear as HP LaserJet 5L = LASERJET.HP LaserJet 5L.
The need for the file is due to the printer driver namespace
problem described in the chapter on Classical Printing in the
Samba3-HOWTO book. For more details on OS/2 clients, please refer
to chapter on other clients in the Samba3-HOWTO book.
Default: os2 driver map =
os level (G)
This integer value controls what level Samba advertises itself as
for browse elections. The value of this parameter determines
whether nmbd(8) has a chance of becoming a local master browser for
the workgroup in the local broadcast area.
Note: By default, Samba will win a local master browsing election
over all Microsoft operating systems except a Windows NT 4.0/2000
Domain Controller. This means that a misconfigured Samba host can
effectively isolate a subnet for browsing purposes. This parameter
is largely auto-configured in the Samba-3 release series and it is
seldom necessary to manually override the default setting. Please
refer to the chapter on Network Browsing in the Samba-3 HOWTO
document for further information regarding the use of this
parameter. Note: The maximum value for this parameter is 255. If
you use higher values, counting will start at 0!
Default: os level = 20
Example: os level = 65
pam password change (G)
With the addition of better PAM support in Samba 2.2, this
parameter, it is possible to use PAM´s password change control flag
for Samba. If enabled, then PAM will be used for password changes
when requested by an SMB client instead of the program listed in
passwd program. It should be possible to enable this without
changing your passwd chat parameter for most setups.
Default: pam password change = no
panic action (G)
This is a Samba developer option that allows a system command to be
called when either smbd(8) or nmbd(8) crashes. This is usually used
to draw attention to the fact that a problem occurred.
Default: panic action =
Example: panic action = "/bin/sleep 90000"
paranoid server security (G)
Some version of NT 4.x allow non-guest users with a bad passowrd.
When this option is enabled, samba will not use a broken NT 4.x
server as password server, but instead complain to the logs and
exit.
Disabling this option prevents Samba from making this check, which
involves deliberatly attempting a bad logon to the remote server.
Default: paranoid server security = yes
passdb backend (G)
This option allows the administrator to chose which backend will be
used for storing user and possibly group information. This allows
you to swap between different storage mechanisms without recompile.
The parameter value is divided into two parts, the backend´s name,
and a ´location´ string that has meaning only to that particular
backed. These are separated by a : character.
Available backends can include:
· smbpasswd - The old plaintext passdb backend. Some Samba
features will not work if this passdb backend is used. Takes a
path to the smbpasswd file as an optional argument.
· tdbsam - The TDB based password storage backend. Takes a path
to the TDB as an optional argument (defaults to passdb.tdb in
the private dir directory.
· ldapsam - The LDAP based passdb backend. Takes an LDAP URL as
an optional argument (defaults to ldap://localhost)
LDAP connections should be secured where possible. This may be
done using either Start-TLS (see ldap ssl) or by specifying
ldaps:// in the URL argument.
Multiple servers may also be specified in double-quotes.
Whether multiple servers are supported or not and the exact
syntax depends on the LDAP library you use.
Examples of use are:
passdb backend = tdbsam:/etc/samba/private/passdb.tdb
or multi server LDAP URL with OpenLDAP library:
passdb backend = ldapsam:"ldap://ldap-1.example.com ldap://ldap-2.example.com"
or multi server LDAP URL with Netscape based LDAP library:
passdb backend = ldapsam:"ldap://ldap-1.example.com ldap-2.example.com"
Default: passdb backend = tdbsam
passdb expand explicit (G)
This parameter controls whether Samba substitutes %-macros in the
passdb fields if they are explicitly set. We used to expand macros
here, but this turned out to be a bug because the Windows client
can expand a variable %G_osver% in which %G would have been
substituted by the user´s primary group.
Default: passdb expand explicit = no
passwd chat debug (G)
This boolean specifies if the passwd chat script parameter is run
in debug mode. In this mode the strings passed to and received from
the passwd chat are printed in the smbd(8) log with a debug level
of 100. This is a dangerous option as it will allow plaintext
passwords to be seen in the smbd log. It is available to help Samba
admins debug their passwd chat scripts when calling the passwd
program and should be turned off after this has been done. This
option has no effect if the pam password change parameter is set.
This parameter is off by default.
Default: passwd chat debug = no
passwd chat timeout (G)
This integer specifies the number of seconds smbd will wait for an
initial answer from a passwd chat script being run. Once the
initial answer is received the subsequent answers must be received
in one tenth of this time. The default it two seconds.
Default: passwd chat timeout = 2
passwd chat (G)
This string controls the "chat" conversation that takes places
between smbd(8) and the local password changing program to change
the user´s password. The string describes a sequence of
response-receive pairs that smbd(8) uses to determine what to send
to the passwd program and what to expect back. If the expected
output is not received then the password is not changed.
This chat sequence is often quite site specific, depending on what
local methods are used for password control (such as NIS etc).
Note that this parameter only is used if the unix password sync
parameter is set to yes. This sequence is then called AS ROOT when
the SMB password in the smbpasswd file is being changed, without
access to the old password cleartext. This means that root must be
able to reset the user´s password without knowing the text of the
previous password. In the presence of NIS/YP, this means that the
passwd program must be executed on the NIS master.
The string can contain the macro %n which is substituted for the
new password. The old passsword (%o) is only available when encrypt
passwords has been disabled. The chat sequence can also contain the
standard macros \n, \r, \t and \s to give line-feed,
carriage-return, tab and space. The chat sequence string can also
contain a ´*´ which matches any sequence of characters. Double
quotes can be used to collect strings with spaces in them into a
single string.
If the send string in any part of the chat sequence is a full stop
".", then no string is sent. Similarly, if the expect string is a
full stop then no string is expected.
If the pam password change parameter is set to yes, the chat pairs
may be matched in any order, and success is determined by the PAM
result, not any particular output. The \n macro is ignored for PAM
conversions.
Default: passwd chat = *new*password* %n\n*new*password* %n\n
*changed*
Example: passwd chat = "*Enter NEW password*" %n\n "*Reenter NEW
password*" %n\n "*Password changed*"
passwd program (G)
The name of a program that can be used to set UNIX user passwords.
Any occurrences of %u will be replaced with the user name. The user
name is checked for existence before calling the password changing
program.
Also note that many passwd programs insist in reasonable passwords,
such as a minimum length, or the inclusion of mixed case chars and
digits. This can pose a problem as some clients (such as Windows
for Workgroups) uppercase the password before sending it.
Note that if the unix password sync parameter is set to yes then
this program is called AS ROOT before the SMB password in the
smbpasswd file is changed. If this UNIX password change fails, then
smbd will fail to change the SMB password also (this is by design).
If the unix password sync parameter is set this parameter MUST USE
ABSOLUTE PATHS for ALL programs called, and must be examined for
security implications. Note that by default unix password sync is
set to no.
Default: passwd program =
Example: passwd program = /bin/passwd %u
password level (G)
Some client/server combinations have difficulty with mixed-case
passwords. One offending client is Windows for Workgroups, which
for some reason forces passwords to upper case when using the
LANMAN1 protocol, but leaves them alone when using COREPLUS!
Another problem child is the Windows 95/98 family of operating
systems. These clients upper case clear text passwords even when NT
LM 0.12 selected by the protocol negotiation request/response.
This parameter defines the maximum number of characters that may be
upper case in passwords.
For example, say the password given was "FRED". If
password level is set to 1, the following combinations would be
tried if "FRED" failed:
"Fred", "fred", "fRed", "frEd","freD"
If password level was set to 2, the following combinations would
also be tried:
"FRed", "FrEd", "FreD", "fREd", "fReD", "frED", ..
And so on.
The higher value this parameter is set to the more likely it is
that a mixed case password will be matched against a single case
password. However, you should be aware that use of this parameter
reduces security and increases the time taken to process a new
connection.
A value of zero will cause only two attempts to be made - the
password as is and the password in all-lower case.
This parameter is used only when using plain-text passwords. It is
not at all used when encrypted passwords as in use (that is the
default since samba-3.0.0). Use this only when encrypt passwords =
No.
Default: password level = 0
Example: password level = 4
password server (G)
By specifying the name of another SMB server or Active Directory
domain controller with this option, and using security =
[ads|domain|server] it is possible to get Samba to do all its
username/password validation using a specific remote server.
This option sets the name or IP address of the password server to
use. New syntax has been added to support defining the port to use
when connecting to the server the case of an ADS realm. To define a
port other than the default LDAP port of 389, add the port number
using a colon after the name or IP address (e.g.
192.168.1.100:389). If you do not specify a port, Samba will use
the standard LDAP port of tcp/389. Note that port numbers have no
effect on password servers for Windows NT 4.0 domains or netbios
connections.
If parameter is a name, it is looked up using the parameter name
resolve order and so may resolved by any method and order described
in that parameter.
The password server must be a machine capable of using the
"LM1.2X002" or the "NT LM 0.12" protocol, and it must be in user
level security mode.
Note
Using a password server means your UNIX box (running Samba) is
only as secure as your password server. DO NOT CHOOSE A
PASSWORD SERVER THAT YOU DON´T COMPLETELY TRUST.
Never point a Samba server at itself for password serving. This
will cause a loop and could lock up your Samba server!
The name of the password server takes the standard substitutions,
but probably the only useful one is %m , which means the Samba
server will use the incoming client as the password server. If you
use this then you better trust your clients, and you had better
restrict them with hosts allow!
If the security parameter is set to domain or ads, then the list of
machines in this option must be a list of Primary or Backup Domain
controllers for the Domain or the character ´*´, as the Samba
server is effectively in that domain, and will use
cryptographically authenticated RPC calls to authenticate the user
logging on. The advantage of using
security = domain is that if you list several hosts in the
password server option then smbd will try each in turn till it
finds one that responds. This is useful in case your primary server
goes down.
If the password server option is set to the character ´*´, then
Samba will attempt to auto-locate the Primary or Backup Domain
controllers to authenticate against by doing a query for the name
WORKGROUP<1C> and then contacting each server returned in the list
of IP addresses from the name resolution source.
If the list of servers contains both names/IP´s and the ´*´
character, the list is treated as a list of preferred domain
controllers, but an auto lookup of all remaining DC´s will be added
to the list as well. Samba will not attempt to optimize this list
by locating the closest DC.
If the security parameter is set to server, then there are
different restrictions that security = domain doesn´t suffer from:
· You may list several password servers in the password server
parameter, however if an smbd makes a connection to a password
server, and then the password server fails, no more users will
be able to be authenticated from this smbd. This is a
restriction of the SMB/CIFS protocol when in security = server
mode and cannot be fixed in Samba.
· If you are using a Windows NT server as your password server
then you will have to ensure that your users are able to login
from the Samba server, as when in
security = server mode the network logon will appear to come
from there rather than from the users workstation.
Default: password server = *
Example: password server = NT-PDC, NT-BDC1, NT-BDC2, *
Example: password server = windc.mydomain.com:389 192.168.1.101 *
directory
This parameter is a synonym for path.
path (S)
This parameter specifies a directory to which the user of the
service is to be given access. In the case of printable services,
this is where print data will spool prior to being submitted to the
host for printing.
For a printable service offering guest access, the service should
be readonly and the path should be world-writeable and have the
sticky bit set. This is not mandatory of course, but you probably
won´t get the results you expect if you do otherwise.
Any occurrences of %u in the path will be replaced with the UNIX
username that the client is using on this connection. Any
occurrences of %m will be replaced by the NetBIOS name of the
machine they are connecting from. These replacements are very
useful for setting up pseudo home directories for users.
Note that this path will be based on root dir if one was specified.
Default: path =
Example: path = /home/fred
perfcount module (G)
This parameter specifies the perfcount backend to be used when
monitoring SMB operations. Only one perfcount module may be used,
and it must implement all of the apis contained in the
smb_perfcount_handler structure defined in smb.h.
No default
pid directory (G)
This option specifies the directory where pid files will be placed.
Default: pid directory = ${prefix}/var/locks
Example: pid directory = pid directory = /var/run/
posix locking (S)
The smbd(8) daemon maintains an database of file locks obtained by
SMB clients. The default behavior is to map this internal database
to POSIX locks. This means that file locks obtained by SMB clients
are consistent with those seen by POSIX compliant applications
accessing the files via a non-SMB method (e.g. NFS or local file
access). You should never need to disable this parameter.
Default: posix locking = yes
postexec (S)
This option specifies a command to be run whenever the service is
disconnected. It takes the usual substitutions. The command may be
run as the root on some systems.
An interesting example may be to unmount server resources:
postexec = /etc/umount /cdrom
Default: postexec =
Example: postexec = echo \"%u disconnected from %S from %m (%I)\"
>> /tmp/log
preexec close (S)
This boolean option controls whether a non-zero return code from
preexec should close the service being connected to.
Default: preexec close = no
exec
This parameter is a synonym for preexec.
preexec (S)
This option specifies a command to be run whenever the service is
connected to. It takes the usual substitutions.
An interesting example is to send the users a welcome message every
time they log in. Maybe a message of the day? Here is an example:
preexec = csh -c ´echo \"Welcome to %S!\" |
/usr/local/samba/bin/smbclient -M %m -I %I´ &
Of course, this could get annoying after a while :-)
See also preexec close and postexec.
Default: preexec =
Example: preexec = echo \"%u connected to %S from %m (%I)\" >>
/tmp/log
prefered master
This parameter is a synonym for preferred master.
preferred master (G)
This boolean parameter controls if nmbd(8) is a preferred master
browser for its workgroup.
If this is set to yes, on startup, nmbd will force an election, and
it will have a slight advantage in winning the election. It is
recommended that this parameter is used in conjunction with domain
master = yes, so that nmbd can guarantee becoming a domain master.
Use this option with caution, because if there are several hosts
(whether Samba servers, Windows 95 or NT) that are preferred master
browsers on the same subnet, they will each periodically and
continuously attempt to become the local master browser. This will
result in unnecessary broadcast traffic and reduced browsing
capabilities.
Default: preferred master = auto
preload modules (G)
This is a list of paths to modules that should be loaded into smbd
before a client connects. This improves the speed of smbd when
reacting to new connections somewhat.
Default: preload modules =
Example: preload modules = /usr/lib/samba/passdb/mysql.so
auto services
This parameter is a synonym for preload.
preload (G)
This is a list of services that you want to be automatically added
to the browse lists. This is most useful for homes and printers
services that would otherwise not be visible.
Note that if you just want all printers in your printcap file
loaded then the load printers option is easier.
Default: preload =
Example: preload = fred lp colorlp
preserve case (S)
This controls if new filenames are created with the case that the
client passes, or if they are forced to be the default case.
See the section on NAME MANGLING for a fuller discussion.
Default: preserve case = yes
print ok
This parameter is a synonym for printable.
printable (S)
If this parameter is yes, then clients may open, write to and
submit spool files on the directory specified for the service.
Note that a printable service will ALWAYS allow writing to the
service path (user privileges permitting) via the spooling of print
data. The read only parameter controls only non-printing access to
the resource.
Default: printable = no
printcap cache time (G)
This option specifies the number of seconds before the printing
subsystem is again asked for the known printers. If the value is
greater than 60 the initial waiting time is set to 60 seconds to
allow an earlier first rescan of the printing subsystem.
Setting this parameter to 0 disables any rescanning for new or
removed printers after the initial startup.
Default: printcap cache time = 750
Example: printcap cache time = 600
printcap
This parameter is a synonym for printcap name.
printcap name (G)
This parameter may be used to override the compiled-in default
printcap name used by the server (usually
/etc/printcap). See the discussion of the [printers] section above
for reasons why you might want to do this.
To use the CUPS printing interface set printcap name = cups . This
should be supplemented by an addtional setting printing = cups in
the [global] section. printcap name = cups will use the "dummy"
printcap created by CUPS, as specified in your CUPS configuration
file.
On System V systems that use lpstat to list available printers you
can use printcap name = lpstat to automatically obtain lists of
available printers. This is the default for systems that define
SYSV at configure time in Samba (this includes most System V based
systems). If
printcap name is set to lpstat on these systems then Samba will
launch lpstat -v and attempt to parse the output to obtain a
printer list.
A minimal printcap file would look something like this:
print1|My Printer 1
print2|My Printer 2
print3|My Printer 3
print4|My Printer 4
print5|My Printer 5
where the ´|´ separates aliases of a printer. The fact that the
second alias has a space in it gives a hint to Samba that it´s a
comment.
Note
Under AIX the default printcap name is /etc/qconfig. Samba will
assume the file is in AIX qconfig format if the string qconfig
appears in the printcap filename.
Default: printcap name = /etc/printcap
Example: printcap name = /etc/myprintcap
print command (S)
After a print job has finished spooling to a service, this command
will be used via a system() call to process the spool file.
Typically the command specified will submit the spool file to the
host´s printing subsystem, but there is no requirement that this be
the case. The server will not remove the spool file, so whatever
command you specify should remove the spool file when it has been
processed, otherwise you will need to manually remove old spool
files.
The print command is simply a text string. It will be used verbatim
after macro substitutions have been made:
%s, %f - the path to the spool file name
%p - the appropriate printer name
%J - the job name as transmitted by the client.
%c - The number of printed pages of the spooled job (if known).
%z - the size of the spooled print job (in bytes)
The print command MUST contain at least one occurrence of %s or %f
- the %p is optional. At the time a job is submitted, if no printer
name is supplied the %p will be silently removed from the printer
command.
If specified in the [global] section, the print command given will
be used for any printable service that does not have its own print
command specified.
If there is neither a specified print command for a printable
service nor a global print command, spool files will be created but
not processed and (most importantly) not removed.
Note that printing may fail on some UNIXes from the nobody account.
If this happens then create an alternative guest account that can
print and set the guest account in the [global] section.
You can form quite complex print commands by realizing that they
are just passed to a shell. For example the following will log a
print job, print the file, then remove it. Note that ´;´ is the
usual separator for command in shell scripts.
print command = echo Printing %s >> /tmp/print.log; lpr -P %p %s;
rm %s
You may have to vary this command considerably depending on how you
normally print files on your system. The default for the parameter
varies depending on the setting of the printing parameter.
Default: For printing = BSD, AIX, QNX, LPRNG or PLP :
print command = lpr -r -P%p %s
For printing = SYSV or HPUX :
print command = lp -c -d%p %s; rm %s
For printing = SOFTQ :
print command = lp -d%p -s %s; rm %s
For printing = CUPS : If SAMBA is compiled against libcups, then
printcap = cups uses the CUPS API to submit jobs, etc. Otherwise it
maps to the System V commands with the -oraw option for printing,
i.e. it uses lp -c -d%p -oraw; rm %s. With printing = cups, and if
SAMBA is compiled against libcups, any manually set print command
will be ignored.
No default
Example: print command = /usr/local/samba/bin/myprintscript %p %s
printer admin (S)
This lists users who can do anything to printers via the remote
administration interfaces offered by MS-RPC (usually using a NT
workstation). This parameter can be set per-share or globally.
Note: The root user always has admin rights. Use caution with use
in the global stanza as this can cause side effects.
This parameter has been marked deprecated in favor of using the
SePrintOperatorPrivilege and individual print security descriptors.
It will be removed in a future release.
Default: printer admin =
Example: printer admin = admin, @staff
printer
This parameter is a synonym for printer name.
printer name (S)
This parameter specifies the name of the printer to which print
jobs spooled through a printable service will be sent.
If specified in the [global] section, the printer name given will
be used for any printable service that does not have its own
printer name specified.
The default value of the printer name may be lp on many systems.
Default: printer name = none
Example: printer name = laserwriter
printing (S)
This parameters controls how printer status information is
interpreted on your system. It also affects the default values for
the print command, lpq command, lppause command , lpresume command,
and lprm command if specified in the [global] section.
Currently nine printing styles are supported. They are BSD, AIX,
LPRNG, PLP, SYSV, HPUX, QNX, SOFTQ, and CUPS.
To see what the defaults are for the other print commands when
using the various options use the testparm(1) program.
This option can be set on a per printer basis. Please be aware
however, that you must place any of the various printing commands
(e.g. print command, lpq command, etc...) after defining the value
for the printing option since it will reset the printing commands
to default values.
See also the discussion in the [printers] section.
Default: printing = Depends on the operating system, see testparm
-v.
printjob username (S)
This parameter specifies which user information will be passed to
the printing system. Usually, the username is sent, but in some
cases, e.g. the domain prefix is useful, too.
Default: printjob username = %U
Example: printjob username = %D\%U
private dir (G)
This parameters defines the directory smbd will use for storing
such files as smbpasswd and secrets.tdb.
Default: private dir = ${prefix}/private
profile acls (S)
This boolean parameter was added to fix the problems that people
have been having with storing user profiles on Samba shares from
Windows 2000 or Windows XP clients. New versions of Windows 2000 or
Windows XP service packs do security ACL checking on the owner and
ability to write of the profile directory stored on a local
workstation when copied from a Samba share.
When not in domain mode with winbindd then the security info copied
onto the local workstation has no meaning to the logged in user
(SID) on that workstation so the profile storing fails. Adding this
parameter onto a share used for profile storage changes two things
about the returned Windows ACL. Firstly it changes the owner and
group owner of all reported files and directories to be
BUILTIN\\Administrators, BUILTIN\\Users respectively (SIDs
S-1-5-32-544, S-1-5-32-545). Secondly it adds an ACE entry of "Full
Control" to the SID BUILTIN\\Users to every returned ACL. This will
allow any Windows 2000 or XP workstation user to access the
profile.
Note that if you have multiple users logging on to a workstation
then in order to prevent them from being able to access each others
profiles you must remove the "Bypass traverse checking" advanced
user right. This will prevent access to other users profile
directories as the top level profile directory (named after the
user) is created by the workstation profile code and has an ACL
restricting entry to the directory tree to the owning user.
Default: profile acls = no
queuepause command (S)
This parameter specifies the command to be executed on the server
host in order to pause the printer queue.
This command should be a program or script which takes a printer
name as its only parameter and stops the printer queue, such that
no longer jobs are submitted to the printer.
This command is not supported by Windows for Workgroups, but can be
issued from the Printers window under Windows 95 and NT.
If a %p is given then the printer name is put in its place.
Otherwise it is placed at the end of the command.
Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path in the
command as the PATH may not be available to the server.
No default
Example: queuepause command = disable %p
queueresume command (S)
This parameter specifies the command to be executed on the server
host in order to resume the printer queue. It is the command to
undo the behavior that is caused by the previous parameter
(queuepause command).
This command should be a program or script which takes a printer
name as its only parameter and resumes the printer queue, such that
queued jobs are resubmitted to the printer.
This command is not supported by Windows for Workgroups, but can be
issued from the Printers window under Windows 95 and NT.
If a %p is given then the printer name is put in its place.
Otherwise it is placed at the end of the command.
Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path in the
command as the PATH may not be available to the server.
Default: queueresume command =
Example: queueresume command = enable %p
read list (S)
This is a list of users that are given read-only access to a
service. If the connecting user is in this list then they will not
be given write access, no matter what the read only option is set
to. The list can include group names using the syntax described in
the invalid users parameter.
This parameter will not work with the security = share in Samba
3.0. This is by design.
Default: read list =
Example: read list = mary, @students
read only (S)
An inverted synonym is writeable.
If this parameter is yes, then users of a service may not create or
modify files in the service´s directory.
Note that a printable service (printable = yes) will ALWAYS allow
writing to the directory (user privileges permitting), but only via
spooling operations.
Default: read only = yes
read raw (G)
This parameter controls whether or not the server will support the
raw read SMB requests when transferring data to clients.
If enabled, raw reads allow reads of 65535 bytes in one packet.
This typically provides a major performance benefit.
However, some clients either negotiate the allowable block size
incorrectly or are incapable of supporting larger block sizes, and
for these clients you may need to disable raw reads.
In general this parameter should be viewed as a system tuning tool
and left severely alone.
Default: read raw = yes
realm (G)
This option specifies the kerberos realm to use. The realm is used
as the ADS equivalent of the NT4 domain. It is usually set to the
DNS name of the kerberos server.
Default: realm =
Example: realm = mysambabox.mycompany.com
registry shares (G)
This turns on or off support for share definitions read from
registry. Shares defined in smb.conf take precedence over shares
with the same name defined in registry. See the section on
registry-based configuration for details.
Note that this parameter defaults to no, but it is set to yes when
config backend is set to registry.
Default: registry shares = no
Example: registry shares = yes
remote announce (G)
This option allows you to setup nmbd(8) to periodically announce
itself to arbitrary IP addresses with an arbitrary workgroup name.
This is useful if you want your Samba server to appear in a remote
workgroup for which the normal browse propagation rules don´t work.
The remote workgroup can be anywhere that you can send IP packets
to.
For example:
remote announce = 192.168.2.255/SERVERS 192.168.4.255/STAFF
the above line would cause nmbd to announce itself to the two given
IP addresses using the given workgroup names. If you leave out the
workgroup name, then the one given in the workgroup parameter is
used instead.
The IP addresses you choose would normally be the broadcast
addresses of the remote networks, but can also be the IP addresses
of known browse masters if your network config is that stable.
See the chapter on Network Browsing in the Samba-HOWTO book.
Default: remote announce =
remote browse sync (G)
This option allows you to setup nmbd(8) to periodically request
synchronization of browse lists with the master browser of a Samba
server that is on a remote segment. This option will allow you to
gain browse lists for multiple workgroups across routed networks.
This is done in a manner that does not work with any non-Samba
servers.
This is useful if you want your Samba server and all local clients
to appear in a remote workgroup for which the normal browse
propagation rules don´t work. The remote workgroup can be anywhere
that you can send IP packets to.
For example:
remote browse sync = 192.168.2.255 192.168.4.255
the above line would cause nmbd to request the master browser on
the specified subnets or addresses to synchronize their browse
lists with the local server.
The IP addresses you choose would normally be the broadcast
addresses of the remote networks, but can also be the IP addresses
of known browse masters if your network config is that stable. If a
machine IP address is given Samba makes NO attempt to validate that
the remote machine is available, is listening, nor that it is in
fact the browse master on its segment.
The remote browse sync may be used on networks where there is no
WINS server, and may be used on disjoint networks where each
network has its own WINS server.
Default: remote browse sync =
rename user script (G)
This is the full pathname to a script that will be run as root by
smbd(8) under special circumstances described below.
When a user with admin authority or SeAddUserPrivilege rights
renames a user (e.g.: from the NT4 User Manager for Domains), this
script will be run to rename the POSIX user. Two variables, %uold
and %unew, will be substituted with the old and new usernames,
respectively. The script should return 0 upon successful
completion, and nonzero otherwise.
Note
The script has all responsibility to rename all the necessary
data that is accessible in this posix method. This can mean
different requirements for different backends. The tdbsam and
smbpasswd backends will take care of the contents of their
respective files, so the script is responsible only for
changing the POSIX username, and other data that may required
for your circumstances, such as home directory. Please also
consider whether or not you need to rename the actual home
directories themselves. The ldapsam backend will not make any
changes, because of the potential issues with renaming the LDAP
naming attribute. In this case the script is responsible for
changing the attribute that samba uses (uid) for locating
users, as well as any data that needs to change for other
applications using the same directory.
Default: rename user script = no
reset on zero vc (G)
This boolean option controls whether an incoming session setup
should kill other connections coming from the same IP. This matches
the default Windows 2003 behaviour. Setting this parameter to yes
becomes necessary when you have a flaky network and windows decides
to reconnect while the old connection still has files with share
modes open. These files become inaccessible over the new
connection. The client sends a zero VC on the new connection, and
Windows 2003 kills all other connections coming from the same IP.
This way the locked files are accessible again. Please be aware
that enabling this option will kill connections behind a
masquerading router.
Default: reset on zero vc = no
restrict anonymous (G)
The setting of this parameter determines whether user and group
list information is returned for an anonymous connection. and
mirrors the effects of the
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\
Control\LSA\RestrictAnonymous
registry key in Windows 2000 and Windows NT. When set to 0, user
and group list information is returned to anyone who asks. When set
to 1, only an authenticated user can retrive user and group list
information. For the value 2, supported by Windows 2000/XP and
Samba, no anonymous connections are allowed at all. This can break
third party and Microsoft applications which expect to be allowed
to perform operations anonymously.
The security advantage of using restrict anonymous = 1 is dubious,
as user and group list information can be obtained using other
means.
Note
The security advantage of using restrict anonymous = 2 is
removed by setting guest ok = yes on any share.
Default: restrict anonymous = 0
root
This parameter is a synonym for root directory.
root dir
This parameter is a synonym for root directory.
root directory (G)
The server will chroot() (i.e. Change its root directory) to this
directory on startup. This is not strictly necessary for secure
operation. Even without it the server will deny access to files not
in one of the service entries. It may also check for, and deny
access to, soft links to other parts of the filesystem, or attempts
to use ".." in file names to access other directories (depending on
the setting of the wide smbconfoptions parameter).
Adding a root directory entry other than "/" adds an extra level of
security, but at a price. It absolutely ensures that no access is
given to files not in the sub-tree specified in the root directory
option, including some files needed for complete operation of the
server. To maintain full operability of the server you will need to
mirror some system files into the root directory tree. In
particular you will need to mirror /etc/passwd (or a subset of it),
and any binaries or configuration files needed for printing (if
required). The set of files that must be mirrored is operating
system dependent.
Default: root directory = /
Example: root directory = /homes/smb
root postexec (S)
This is the same as the postexec parameter except that the command
is run as root. This is useful for unmounting filesystems (such as
CDROMs) after a connection is closed.
Default: root postexec =
root preexec close (S)
This is the same as the preexec close parameter except that the
command is run as root.
Default: root preexec close = no
root preexec (S)
This is the same as the preexec parameter except that the command
is run as root. This is useful for mounting filesystems (such as
CDROMs) when a connection is opened.
Default: root preexec =
security mask (S)
This parameter controls what UNIX permission bits will be set when
a Windows NT client is manipulating the UNIX permission on a file
using the native NT security dialog box.
This parameter is applied as a mask (AND´ed with) to the incoming
permission bits, thus resetting any bits not in this mask. Make
sure not to mix up this parameter with force security mode, which
works in a manner similar to this one but uses a logical OR instead
of an AND.
Essentially, all bits set to zero in this mask will result in
setting to zero the corresponding bits on the file permissions
regardless of the previous status of this bits on the file.
If not set explicitly this parameter is 0777, allowing a user to
set all the user/group/world permissions on a file.
Note that users who can access the Samba server through other
means can easily bypass this restriction, so it is primarily useful
for standalone "appliance" systems. Administrators of most normal
systems will probably want to leave it set to 0777.
Default: security mask = 0777
Example: security mask = 0770
security (G)
This option affects how clients respond to Samba and is one of the
most important settings in the
smb.conf file.
The option sets the "security mode bit" in replies to protocol
negotiations with smbd(8) to turn share level security on or off.
Clients decide based on this bit whether (and how) to transfer user
and password information to the server.
The default is security = user, as this is the most common setting
needed when talking to Windows 98 and Windows NT.
The alternatives are security = share, security = server or
security = domain .
In versions of Samba prior to 2.0.0, the default was security =
share mainly because that was the only option at one stage.
There is a bug in WfWg that has relevance to this setting. When in
user or server level security a WfWg client will totally ignore the
username and password you type in the "connect drive" dialog box.
This makes it very difficult (if not impossible) to connect to a
Samba service as anyone except the user that you are logged into
WfWg as.
If your PCs use usernames that are the same as their usernames on
the UNIX machine then you will want to use security = user. If you
mostly use usernames that don´t exist on the UNIX box then use
security = share.
You should also use security = share if you want to mainly setup
shares without a password (guest shares). This is commonly used for
a shared printer server. It is more difficult to setup guest shares
with security = user, see the map to guest parameter for details.
It is possible to use smbd in a
hybrid mode where it is offers both user and share level security
under different NetBIOS aliases.
The different settings will now be explained.
SECURITY = SHARE
When clients connect to a share level security server, they need
not log onto the server with a valid username and password before
attempting to connect to a shared resource (although modern clients
such as Windows 95/98 and Windows NT will send a logon request with
a username but no password when talking to a security = share
server). Instead, the clients send authentication information
(passwords) on a per-share basis, at the time they attempt to
connect to that share.
Note that smbd ALWAYS uses a valid UNIX user to act on behalf of
the client, even in security = share level security.
As clients are not required to send a username to the server in
share level security, smbd uses several techniques to determine the
correct UNIX user to use on behalf of the client.
A list of possible UNIX usernames to match with the given client
password is constructed using the following methods :
· If the guest only parameter is set, then all the other stages
are missed and only the guest account username is checked.
· Is a username is sent with the share connection request, then
this username (after mapping - see username map), is added as a
potential username.
· If the client did a previous logon request (the SessionSetup
SMB call) then the username sent in this SMB will be added as a
potential username.
· The name of the service the client requested is added as a
potential username.
· The NetBIOS name of the client is added to the list as a
potential username.
· Any users on the user list are added as potential usernames.
If the guest only parameter is not set, then this list is then
tried with the supplied password. The first user for whom the
password matches will be used as the UNIX user.
If the guest only parameter is set, or no username can be
determined then if the share is marked as available to the guest
account, then this guest user will be used, otherwise access is
denied.
Note that it can be very confusing in share-level security as to
which UNIX username will eventually be used in granting access.
See also the section NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION.
SECURITY = USER
This is the default security setting in Samba 3.0. With user-level
security a client must first "log-on" with a valid username and
password (which can be mapped using the username map parameter).
Encrypted passwords (see the encrypted passwords parameter) can
also be used in this security mode. Parameters such as user and
guest only if set are then applied and may change the UNIX user to
use on this connection, but only after the user has been
successfully authenticated.
Note that the name of the resource being requested is not sent to
the server until after the server has successfully authenticated
the client. This is why guest shares don´t work in user level
security without allowing the server to automatically map unknown
users into the guest account. See the map to guest parameter for
details on doing this.
See also the section NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION.
SECURITY = DOMAIN
This mode will only work correctly if net(8) has been used to add
this machine into a Windows NT Domain. It expects the encrypted
passwords parameter to be set to yes. In this mode Samba will try
to validate the username/password by passing it to a Windows NT
Primary or Backup Domain Controller, in exactly the same way that a
Windows NT Server would do.
Note that a valid UNIX user must still exist as well as the account
on the Domain Controller to allow Samba to have a valid UNIX
account to map file access to.
Note that from the client´s point of view security = domain is the
same as security = user. It only affects how the server deals with
the authentication, it does not in any way affect what the client
sees.
Note that the name of the resource being requested is not sent to
the server until after the server has successfully authenticated
the client. This is why guest shares don´t work in user level
security without allowing the server to automatically map unknown
users into the guest account. See the map to guest parameter for
details on doing this.
See also the section NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION.
See also the password server parameter and the encrypted passwords
parameter.
SECURITY = SERVER
In this mode Samba will try to validate the username/password by
passing it to another SMB server, such as an NT box. If this fails
it will revert to security = user. It expects the encrypted
passwords parameter to be set to yes, unless the remote server does
not support them. However note that if encrypted passwords have
been negotiated then Samba cannot revert back to checking the UNIX
password file, it must have a valid smbpasswd file to check users
against. See the chapter about the User Database in the Samba HOWTO
Collection for details on how to set this up.
Note
This mode of operation has significant pitfalls since it is
more vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks and server
impersonation. In particular, this mode of operation can cause
significant resource consuption on the PDC, as it must maintain
an active connection for the duration of the user´s session.
Furthermore, if this connection is lost, there is no way to
reestablish it, and futher authentications to the Samba server
may fail (from a single client, till it disconnects).
Note
From the client´s point of view, security = server is the same
as security = user. It only affects how the server deals with
the authentication, it does not in any way affect what the
client sees.
Note that the name of the resource being requested is not sent to
the server until after the server has successfully authenticated
the client. This is why guest shares don´t work in user level
security without allowing the server to automatically map unknown
users into the guest account. See the map to guest parameter for
details on doing this.
See also the section NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION.
See also the password server parameter and the encrypted passwords
parameter.
SECURITY = ADS
In this mode, Samba will act as a domain member in an ADS realm. To
operate in this mode, the machine running Samba will need to have
Kerberos installed and configured and Samba will need to be joined
to the ADS realm using the net utility.
Note that this mode does NOT make Samba operate as a Active
Directory Domain Controller.
Read the chapter about Domain Membership in the HOWTO for details.
Default: security = USER
Example: security = DOMAIN
server schannel (G)
This controls whether the server offers or even demands the use of
the netlogon schannel. server schannel = no does not offer the
schannel, server schannel = auto offers the schannel but does not
enforce it, and server schannel = yes denies access if the client
is not able to speak netlogon schannel. This is only the case for
Windows NT4 before SP4.
Please note that with this set to no, you will have to apply the
WindowsXP WinXP_SignOrSeal.reg registry patch found in the
docs/registry subdirectory of the Samba distribution tarball.
Default: server schannel = auto
Example: server schannel = yes
server signing (G)
This controls whether the client is allowed or required to use SMB
signing. Possible values are auto, mandatory and disabled.
When set to auto, SMB signing is offered, but not enforced. When
set to mandatory, SMB signing is required and if set to disabled,
SMB signing is not offered either.
Default: server signing = Disabled
server string (G)
This controls what string will show up in the printer comment box
in print manager and next to the IPC connection in net view. It can
be any string that you wish to show to your users.
It also sets what will appear in browse lists next to the machine
name.
A %v will be replaced with the Samba version number.
A %h will be replaced with the hostname.
Default: server string = Samba %v
Example: server string = University of GNUs Samba Server
set directory (S)
If set directory = no, then users of the service may not use the
setdir command to change directory.
The setdir command is only implemented in the Digital Pathworks
client. See the Pathworks documentation for details.
Default: set directory = no
set primary group script (G)
Thanks to the Posix subsystem in NT a Windows User has a primary
group in addition to the auxiliary groups. This script sets the
primary group in the unix userdatase when an administrator sets the
primary group from the windows user manager or when fetching a SAM
with net rpc vampire. %u will be replaced with the user whose
primary group is to be set. %g will be replaced with the group to
set.
Default: set primary group script =
Example: set primary group script = /usr/sbin/usermod -g ´%g´ ´%u´
set quota command (G)
The set quota command should only be used whenever there is no
operating system API available from the OS that samba can use.
This option is only available if Samba was configured with the
argument --with-sys-quotas or on linux when ./configure
--with-quotas was used and a working quota api was found in the
system. Most packages are configured with these options already.
This parameter should specify the path to a script that can set
quota for the specified arguments.
The specified script should take the following arguments:
· 1 - quota type
· 1 - user quotas
· 2 - user default quotas (uid = -1)
· 3 - group quotas
· 4 - group default quotas (gid = -1)
· 2 - id (uid for user, gid for group, -1 if N/A)
· 3 - quota state (0 = disable, 1 = enable, 2 = enable and
enforce)
· 4 - block softlimit
· 5 - block hardlimit
· 6 - inode softlimit
· 7 - inode hardlimit
· 8(optional) - block size, defaults to 1024
The script should output at least one line of data on success. And
nothing on failure.
Default: set quota command =
Example: set quota command = /usr/local/sbin/set_quota
share:fake_fscaps (G)
This is needed to support some special application that makes
QFSINFO calls to check whether we set the SPARSE_FILES bit (0x40).
If this bit is not set that particular application refuses to work
against Samba. With share:fake_fscaps = 64 the SPARSE_FILES file
system capability flag is set. Use other decimal values to specify
the bitmask you need to fake.
Default: share:fake_fscaps = 0
share modes (S)
This enables or disables the honoring of the share modes during a
file open. These modes are used by clients to gain exclusive read
or write access to a file.
This is a deprecated option from old versions of Samba, and will be
removed in the next major release.
These open modes are not directly supported by UNIX, so they are
simulated using shared memory.
The share modes that are enabled by this option are the standard
Windows share modes.
This option gives full share compatibility and is enabled by
default.
You should NEVER turn this parameter off as many Windows
applications will break if you do so.
Default: share modes = yes
short preserve case (S)
This boolean parameter controls if new files which conform to 8.3
syntax, that is all in upper case and of suitable length, are
created upper case, or if they are forced to be the default case.
This option can be use with preserve case = yes to permit long
filenames to retain their case, while short names are lowered.
See the section on NAME MANGLING.
Default: short preserve case = yes
show add printer wizard (G)
With the introduction of MS-RPC based printing support for Windows
NT/2000 client in Samba 2.2, a "Printers..." folder will appear on
Samba hosts in the share listing. Normally this folder will contain
an icon for the MS Add Printer Wizard (APW). However, it is
possible to disable this feature regardless of the level of
privilege of the connected user.
Under normal circumstances, the Windows NT/2000 client will open a
handle on the printer server with OpenPrinterEx() asking for
Administrator privileges. If the user does not have administrative
access on the print server (i.e is not root or a member of the
printer admin group), the OpenPrinterEx() call fails and the client
makes another open call with a request for a lower privilege level.
This should succeed, however the APW icon will not be displayed.
Disabling the show add printer wizard parameter will always cause
the OpenPrinterEx() on the server to fail. Thus the APW icon will
never be displayed.
Note
This does not prevent the same user from having administrative
privilege on an individual printer.
Default: show add printer wizard = yes
shutdown script (G)
This a full path name to a script called by smbd(8) that should
start a shutdown procedure.
If the connected user posseses the SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege,
right, this command will be run as root.
The %z %t %r %f variables are expanded as follows:
· %z will be substituted with the shutdown message sent to the
server.
· %t will be substituted with the number of seconds to wait
before effectively starting the shutdown procedure.
· %r will be substituted with the switch -r. It means reboot
after shutdown for NT.
· %f will be substituted with the switch -f. It means force the
shutdown even if applications do not respond for NT.
Shutdown script example:
#!/bin/bash
time=$2
let time="${time} / 60"
let time="${time} + 1"
/sbin/shutdown $3 $4 +$time $1 &
Shutdown does not return so we need to launch it in background.
Default: shutdown script =
Example: shutdown script = /usr/local/samba/sbin/shutdown %m %t %r
%f
smb encrypt (S)
This is a new feature introduced with Samba 3.2 and above. It is an
extension to the SMB/CIFS protocol negotiated as part of the UNIX
extensions. SMB encryption uses the GSSAPI (SSPI on Windows)
ability to encrypt and sign every request/response in a SMB
protocol stream. When enabled it provides a secure method of
SMB/CIFS communication, similar to an ssh protected session, but
using SMB/CIFS authentication to negotiate encryption and signing
keys. Currently this is only supported by Samba 3.2 smbclient, and
hopefully soon Linux CIFSFS and MacOS/X clients. Windows clients do
not support this feature.
This controls whether the remote client is allowed or required to
use SMB encryption. Possible values are auto, mandatory and
disabled. This may be set on a per-share basis, but clients may
chose to encrypt the entire session, not just traffic to a specific
share. If this is set to mandatory then all traffic to a share must
must be encrypted once the connection has been made to the share.
The server would return "access denied" to all non-encrypted
requests on such a share. Selecting encrypted traffic reduces
throughput as smaller packet sizes must be used (no huge UNIX style
read/writes allowed) as well as the overhead of encrypting and
signing all the data.
If SMB encryption is selected, Windows style SMB signing (see the
server signing option) is no longer necessary, as the GSSAPI flags
use select both signing and sealing of the data.
When set to auto, SMB encryption is offered, but not enforced. When
set to mandatory, SMB encryption is required and if set to
disabled, SMB encryption can not be negotiated.
Default: smb encrypt = auto
smb passwd file (G)
This option sets the path to the encrypted smbpasswd file. By
default the path to the smbpasswd file is compiled into Samba.
An example of use is:
smb passwd file = /etc/samba/smbpasswd
Default: smb passwd file = ${prefix}/private/smbpasswd
smb ports (G)
Specifies which ports the server should listen on for SMB traffic.
Default: smb ports = 445 139
socket address (G)
This option allows you to control what address Samba will listen
for connections on. This is used to support multiple virtual
interfaces on the one server, each with a different configuration.
Setting this option should never be necessary on usual Samba
servers running only one nmbd.
By default Samba will accept connections on any address.
Default: socket address =
Example: socket address = 192.168.2.20
socket options (G)
This option allows you to set socket options to be used when
talking with the client.
Socket options are controls on the networking layer of the
operating systems which allow the connection to be tuned.
This option will typically be used to tune your Samba server for
optimal performance for your local network. There is no way that
Samba can know what the optimal parameters are for your net, so you
must experiment and choose them yourself. We strongly suggest you
read the appropriate documentation for your operating system first
(perhaps man setsockopt will help).
You may find that on some systems Samba will say "Unknown socket
option" when you supply an option. This means you either
incorrectly typed it or you need to add an include file to
includes.h for your OS. If the latter is the case please send the
patch to samba-technical@samba.org.
Any of the supported socket options may be combined in any way you
like, as long as your OS allows it.
This is the list of socket options currently settable using this
option:
· SO_KEEPALIVE
· SO_REUSEADDR
· SO_BROADCAST
· TCP_NODELAY
· IPTOS_LOWDELAY
· IPTOS_THROUGHPUT
· SO_SNDBUF *
· SO_RCVBUF *
· SO_SNDLOWAT *
· SO_RCVLOWAT *
Those marked with a ´*´ take an integer argument. The others can
optionally take a 1 or 0 argument to enable or disable the option,
by default they will be enabled if you don´t specify 1 or 0.
To specify an argument use the syntax SOME_OPTION = VALUE for
example SO_SNDBUF = 8192. Note that you must not have any spaces
before or after the = sign.
If you are on a local network then a sensible option might be:
socket options = IPTOS_LOWDELAY
If you have a local network then you could try:
socket options = IPTOS_LOWDELAY TCP_NODELAY
If you are on a wide area network then perhaps try setting
IPTOS_THROUGHPUT.
Note that several of the options may cause your Samba server to
fail completely. Use these options with caution!
Default: socket options = TCP_NODELAY
Example: socket options = IPTOS_LOWDELAY
stat cache (G)
This parameter determines if smbd(8) will use a cache in order to
speed up case insensitive name mappings. You should never need to
change this parameter.
Default: stat cache = yes
state directory (G)
Usually, most of the TDB files are stored in the lock directory.
Since Samba 3.4.0, it is possible to differentiate between TDB
files with persistent data and TDB files with non-persistent data
using the state directory and the cache directory options.
This option specifies the directory where TDB files containing
persistent data will be stored.
Default: state directory = ${prefix}/var/locks
Example: state directory = /var/run/samba/locks/state
store dos attributes (S)
If this parameter is set Samba attempts to first read DOS
attributes (SYSTEM, HIDDEN, ARCHIVE or READ-ONLY) from a filesystem
extended attribute, before mapping DOS attributes to UNIX
permission bits (such as occurs with map hidden and map readonly).
When set, DOS attributes will be stored onto an extended attribute
in the UNIX filesystem, associated with the file or directory. For
no other mapping to occur as a fall-back, the parameters map
hidden, map system, map archive and map readonly must be set to
off. This parameter writes the DOS attributes as a string into the
extended attribute named "user.DOSATTRIB". This extended attribute
is explicitly hidden from smbd clients requesting an EA list. On
Linux the filesystem must have been mounted with the mount option
user_xattr in order for extended attributes to work, also extended
attributes must be compiled into the Linux kernel. In Samba 3.5.0
and above the "user.DOSATTRIB" extended attribute has been extended
to store the create time for a file as well as the DOS attributes.
This is done in a backwards compatible way so files created by
Samba 3.5.0 and above can still have the DOS attribute read from
this extended attribute by earlier versions of Samba, but they will
not be able to read the create time stored there. Storing the
create time separately from the normal filesystem meta-data allows
Samba to faithfully reproduce NTFS semantics on top of a POSIX
filesystem.
Default: store dos attributes = no
strict allocate (S)
This is a boolean that controls the handling of disk space
allocation in the server. When this is set to yes the server will
change from UNIX behaviour of not committing real disk storage
blocks when a file is extended to the Windows behaviour of actually
forcing the disk system to allocate real storage blocks when a file
is created or extended to be a given size. In UNIX terminology this
means that Samba will stop creating sparse files. This can be slow
on some systems. When you work with large files like >100MB or so
you may even run into problems with clients running into timeouts.
When you have an extent based filesystem it´s likely that we can
make use of unwritten extents which allows Samba to allocate even
large amounts of space very fast and you will not see any timeout
problems caused by strict allocate. With strict allocate in use you
will also get much better out of quota messages in case you use
quotas. Another advantage of activating this setting is that it
will help to reduce file fragmentation.
To give you an idea on which filesystems this setting might
currently be a good option for you: XFS, ext4, btrfs, ocfs2 on
Linux and JFS2 on AIX support unwritten extents. On Filesystems
that do not support it, preallocation is probably an expensive
operation where you will see reduced performance and risk to let
clients run into timeouts when creating large files. Examples are
ext3, ZFS, HFS+ and most others, so be aware if you activate this
setting on those filesystems.
Default: strict allocate = no
strict locking (S)
This is an enumerated type that controls the handling of file
locking in the server. When this is set to yes, the server will
check every read and write access for file locks, and deny access
if locks exist. This can be slow on some systems.
When strict locking is set to Auto (the default), the server
performs file lock checks only on non-oplocked files. As most
Windows redirectors perform file locking checks locally on oplocked
files this is a good trade off for improved performance.
When strict locking is disabled, the server performs file lock
checks only when the client explicitly asks for them.
Well-behaved clients always ask for lock checks when it is
important. So in the vast majority of cases, strict locking = Auto
or strict locking = no is acceptable.
Default: strict locking = Auto
strict sync (S)
Many Windows applications (including the Windows 98 explorer shell)
seem to confuse flushing buffer contents to disk with doing a sync
to disk. Under UNIX, a sync call forces the process to be suspended
until the kernel has ensured that all outstanding data in kernel
disk buffers has been safely stored onto stable storage. This is
very slow and should only be done rarely. Setting this parameter to
no (the default) means that smbd(8) ignores the Windows
applications requests for a sync call. There is only a possibility
of losing data if the operating system itself that Samba is running
on crashes, so there is little danger in this default setting. In
addition, this fixes many performance problems that people have
reported with the new Windows98 explorer shell file copies.
Default: strict sync = no
svcctl list (G)
This option defines a list of init scripts that smbd will use for
starting and stopping Unix services via the Win32 ServiceControl
API. This allows Windows administrators to utilize the MS
Management Console plug-ins to manage a Unix server running Samba.
The administrator must create a directory name svcctl in Samba´s
$(libdir) and create symbolic links to the init scripts in
/etc/init.d/. The name of the links must match the names given as
part of the svcctl list.
Default: svcctl list =
Example: svcctl list = cups postfix portmap httpd
sync always (S)
This is a boolean parameter that controls whether writes will
always be written to stable storage before the write call returns.
If this is no then the server will be guided by the client´s
request in each write call (clients can set a bit indicating that a
particular write should be synchronous). If this is yes then every
write will be followed by a fsync() call to ensure the data is
written to disk. Note that the strict sync parameter must be set to
yes in order for this parameter to have any effect.
Default: sync always = no
syslog only (G)
If this parameter is set then Samba debug messages are logged into
the system syslog only, and not to the debug log files. There still
will be some logging to log.[sn]mbd even if syslog only is enabled.
Default: syslog only = no
syslog (G)
This parameter maps how Samba debug messages are logged onto the
system syslog logging levels. Samba debug level zero maps onto
syslog LOG_ERR, debug level one maps onto LOG_WARNING, debug level
two maps onto LOG_NOTICE, debug level three maps onto LOG_INFO. All
higher levels are mapped to LOG_DEBUG.
This parameter sets the threshold for sending messages to syslog.
Only messages with debug level less than this value will be sent to
syslog. There still will be some logging to log.[sn]mbd even if
syslog only is enabled.
Default: syslog = 1
template homedir (G)
When filling out the user information for a Windows NT user, the
winbindd(8) daemon uses this parameter to fill in the home
directory for that user. If the string %D is present it is
substituted with the user´s Windows NT domain name. If the string
%U is present it is substituted with the user´s Windows NT user
name.
Default: template homedir = /home/%D/%U
template shell (G)
When filling out the user information for a Windows NT user, the
winbindd(8) daemon uses this parameter to fill in the login shell
for that user.
No default
time offset (G)
This parameter is a setting in minutes to add to the normal GMT to
local time conversion. This is useful if you are serving a lot of
PCs that have incorrect daylight saving time handling.
Default: time offset = 0
Example: time offset = 60
time server (G)
This parameter determines if nmbd(8) advertises itself as a time
server to Windows clients.
Default: time server = no
unix charset (G)
Specifies the charset the unix machine Samba runs on uses. Samba
needs to know this in order to be able to convert text to the
charsets other SMB clients use.
This is also the charset Samba will use when specifying arguments
to scripts that it invokes.
Default: unix charset = UTF8
Example: unix charset = ASCII
unix extensions (G)
This boolean parameter controls whether Samba implements the CIFS
UNIX extensions, as defined by HP. These extensions enable Samba to
better serve UNIX CIFS clients by supporting features such as
symbolic links, hard links, etc... These extensions require a
similarly enabled client, and are of no current use to Windows
clients.
Note if this parameter is turned on, the wide links parameter will
automatically be disabled.
Default: unix extensions = yes
unix password sync (G)
This boolean parameter controls whether Samba attempts to
synchronize the UNIX password with the SMB password when the
encrypted SMB password in the smbpasswd file is changed. If this is
set to yes the program specified in the passwd program parameter is
called AS ROOT - to allow the new UNIX password to be set without
access to the old UNIX password (as the SMB password change code
has no access to the old password cleartext, only the new).
Default: unix password sync = no
update encrypted (G)
This boolean parameter allows a user logging on with a plaintext
password to have their encrypted (hashed) password in the smbpasswd
file to be updated automatically as they log on. This option allows
a site to migrate from plaintext password authentication (users
authenticate with plaintext password over the wire, and are checked
against a UNIX account database) to encrypted password
authentication (the SMB challenge/response authentication
mechanism) without forcing all users to re-enter their passwords
via smbpasswd at the time the change is made. This is a convenience
option to allow the change over to encrypted passwords to be made
over a longer period. Once all users have encrypted representations
of their passwords in the smbpasswd file this parameter should be
set to no.
In order for this parameter to be operative the encrypt passwords
parameter must be set to no. The default value of encrypt passwords
= Yes. Note: This must be set to no for this update encrypted to
work.
Note that even when this parameter is set, a user authenticating to
smbd must still enter a valid password in order to connect
correctly, and to update their hashed (smbpasswd) passwords.
Default: update encrypted = no
use client driver (S)
This parameter applies only to Windows NT/2000 clients. It has no
effect on Windows 95/98/ME clients. When serving a printer to
Windows NT/2000 clients without first installing a valid printer
driver on the Samba host, the client will be required to install a
local printer driver. From this point on, the client will treat the
print as a local printer and not a network printer connection. This
is much the same behavior that will occur when disable spoolss =
yes.
The differentiating factor is that under normal circumstances, the
NT/2000 client will attempt to open the network printer using
MS-RPC. The problem is that because the client considers the
printer to be local, it will attempt to issue the OpenPrinterEx()
call requesting access rights associated with the logged on user.
If the user possesses local administator rights but not root
privilege on the Samba host (often the case), the OpenPrinterEx()
call will fail. The result is that the client will now display an
"Access Denied; Unable to connect" message in the printer queue
window (even though jobs may successfully be printed).
If this parameter is enabled for a printer, then any attempt to
open the printer with the PRINTER_ACCESS_ADMINISTER right is mapped
to PRINTER_ACCESS_USE instead. Thus allowing the OpenPrinterEx()
call to succeed. This parameter MUST not be enabled on a print
share which has valid print driver installed on the Samba server.
Default: use client driver = no
use mmap (G)
This global parameter determines if the tdb internals of Samba can
depend on mmap working correctly on the running system. Samba
requires a coherent mmap/read-write system memory cache. Currently
only HPUX does not have such a coherent cache, and so this
parameter is set to no by default on HPUX. On all other systems
this parameter should be left alone. This parameter is provided to
help the Samba developers track down problems with the tdb internal
code.
Default: use mmap = yes
username level (G)
This option helps Samba to try and ´guess´ at the real UNIX
username, as many DOS clients send an all-uppercase username. By
default Samba tries all lowercase, followed by the username with
the first letter capitalized, and fails if the username is not
found on the UNIX machine.
If this parameter is set to non-zero the behavior changes. This
parameter is a number that specifies the number of uppercase
combinations to try while trying to determine the UNIX user name.
The higher the number the more combinations will be tried, but the
slower the discovery of usernames will be. Use this parameter when
you have strange usernames on your UNIX machine, such as
AstrangeUser .
This parameter is needed only on UNIX systems that have case
sensitive usernames.
Default: username level = 0
Example: username level = 5
username map script (G)
This script is a mutually exclusive alternative to the username map
parameter. This parameter specifies and external program or script
that must accept a single command line option (the username
transmitted in the authentication request) and return a line line
on standard output (the name to which the account should mapped).
In this way, it is possible to store username map tables in an LDAP
or NIS directory services.
Default: username map script =
Example: username map script = /etc/samba/scripts/mapusers.sh
username map (G)
This option allows you to specify a file containing a mapping of
usernames from the clients to the server. This can be used for
several purposes. The most common is to map usernames that users
use on DOS or Windows machines to those that the UNIX box uses. The
other is to map multiple users to a single username so that they
can more easily share files.
Please note that for user or share mode security, the username map
is applied prior to validating the user credentials. Domain member
servers (domain or ads) apply the username map after the user has
been successfully authenticated by the domain controller and
require fully qualified enties in the map table (e.g. biddle =
DOMAIN\foo).
The map file is parsed line by line. Each line should contain a
single UNIX username on the left then a ´=´ followed by a list of
usernames on the right. The list of usernames on the right may
contain names of the form @group in which case they will match any
UNIX username in that group. The special client name ´*´ is a
wildcard and matches any name. Each line of the map file may be up
to 1023 characters long.
The file is processed on each line by taking the supplied username
and comparing it with each username on the right hand side of the
´=´ signs. If the supplied name matches any of the names on the
right hand side then it is replaced with the name on the left.
Processing then continues with the next line.
If any line begins with a ´#´ or a ´;´ then it is ignored.
If any line begins with an ´!´ then the processing will stop after
that line if a mapping was done by the line. Otherwise mapping
continues with every line being processed. Using ´!´ is most useful
when you have a wildcard mapping line later in the file.
For example to map from the name admin or administrator to the UNIX
name
root you would use:
root = admin administrator
Or to map anyone in the UNIX group system to the UNIX name sys you
would use:
sys = @system
You can have as many mappings as you like in a username map file.
If your system supports the NIS NETGROUP option then the netgroup
database is checked before the /etc/group database for matching
groups.
You can map Windows usernames that have spaces in them by using
double quotes around the name. For example:
tridge = "Andrew Tridgell"
would map the windows username "Andrew Tridgell" to the unix
username "tridge".
The following example would map mary and fred to the unix user sys,
and map the rest to guest. Note the use of the ´!´ to tell Samba to
stop processing if it gets a match on that line:
!sys = mary fred
guest = *
Note that the remapping is applied to all occurrences of usernames.
Thus if you connect to \\server\fred and fred is remapped to mary
then you will actually be connecting to \\server\mary and will need
to supply a password suitable for mary not fred. The only exception
to this is the username passed to the password server (if you have
one). The password server will receive whatever username the client
supplies without modification.
Also note that no reverse mapping is done. The main effect this has
is with printing. Users who have been mapped may have trouble
deleting print jobs as PrintManager under WfWg will think they
don´t own the print job.
Samba versions prior to 3.0.8 would only support reading the fully
qualified username (e.g.: DOMAIN\user) from the username map when
performing a kerberos login from a client. However, when looking up
a map entry for a user authenticated by NTLM[SSP], only the login
name would be used for matches. This resulted in inconsistent
behavior sometimes even on the same server.
The following functionality is obeyed in version 3.0.8 and later:
When performing local authentication, the username map is applied
to the login name before attempting to authenticate the connection.
When relying upon a external domain controller for validating
authentication requests, smbd will apply the username map to the
fully qualified username (i.e. DOMAIN\user) only after the user
has been successfully authenticated.
An example of use is:
username map = /usr/local/samba/lib/users.map
Default: username map = # no username map
user
This parameter is a synonym for username.
users
This parameter is a synonym for username.
username (S)
Multiple users may be specified in a comma-delimited list, in which
case the supplied password will be tested against each username in
turn (left to right).
The username line is needed only when the PC is unable to supply
its own username. This is the case for the COREPLUS protocol or
where your users have different WfWg usernames to UNIX usernames.
In both these cases you may also be better using the
\\server\share%user syntax instead.
The username line is not a great solution in many cases as it means
Samba will try to validate the supplied password against each of
the usernames in the username line in turn. This is slow and a bad
idea for lots of users in case of duplicate passwords. You may get
timeouts or security breaches using this parameter unwisely.
Samba relies on the underlying UNIX security. This parameter does
not restrict who can login, it just offers hints to the Samba
server as to what usernames might correspond to the supplied
password. Users can login as whoever they please and they will be
able to do no more damage than if they started a telnet session.
The daemon runs as the user that they log in as, so they cannot do
anything that user cannot do.
To restrict a service to a particular set of users you can use the
valid users parameter.
If any of the usernames begin with a ´@´ then the name will be
looked up first in the NIS netgroups list (if Samba is compiled
with netgroup support), followed by a lookup in the UNIX groups
database and will expand to a list of all users in the group of
that name.
If any of the usernames begin with a ´+´ then the name will be
looked up only in the UNIX groups database and will expand to a
list of all users in the group of that name.
If any of the usernames begin with a ´&´ then the name will be
looked up only in the NIS netgroups database (if Samba is compiled
with netgroup support) and will expand to a list of all users in
the netgroup group of that name.
Note that searching though a groups database can take quite some
time, and some clients may time out during the search.
See the section NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION for more
information on how this parameter determines access to the
services.
Default: username = # The guest account if a guest service, else
<empty string>.
Example: username = fred, mary, jack, jane, @users, @pcgroup
usershare allow guests (G)
This parameter controls whether user defined shares are allowed to
be accessed by non-authenticated users or not. It is the equivalent
of allowing people who can create a share the option of setting
guest ok = yes in a share definition. Due to its security sensitive
nature, the default is set to off.
Default: usershare allow guests = no
usershare max shares (G)
This parameter specifies the number of user defined shares that are
allowed to be created by users belonging to the group owning the
usershare directory. If set to zero (the default) user defined
shares are ignored.
Default: usershare max shares = 0
usershare owner only (G)
This parameter controls whether the pathname exported by a user
defined shares must be owned by the user creating the user defined
share or not. If set to True (the default) then smbd checks that
the directory path being shared is owned by the user who owns the
usershare file defining this share and refuses to create the share
if not. If set to False then no such check is performed and any
directory path may be exported regardless of who owns it.
Default: usershare owner only = True
usershare path (G)
This parameter specifies the absolute path of the directory on the
filesystem used to store the user defined share definition files.
This directory must be owned by root, and have no access for other,
and be writable only by the group owner. In addition the "sticky"
bit must also be set, restricting rename and delete to owners of a
file (in the same way the /tmp directory is usually configured).
Members of the group owner of this directory are the users allowed
to create usershares. If this parameter is undefined then no user
defined shares are allowed.
For example, a valid usershare directory might be
/usr/local/samba/lib/usershares, set up as follows.
ls -ld /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares/
drwxrwx--T 2 root power_users 4096 2006-05-05 12:27 /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares/
In this case, only members of the group "power_users" can create
user defined shares.
Default: usershare path = NULL
usershare prefix allow list (G)
This parameter specifies a list of absolute pathnames the root of
which are allowed to be exported by user defined share definitions.
If the pathname to be exported doesn´t start with one of the
strings in this list, the user defined share will not be allowed.
This allows the Samba administrator to restrict the directories on
the system that can be exported by user defined shares.
If there is a "usershare prefix deny list" and also a "usershare
prefix allow list" the deny list is processed first, followed by
the allow list, thus leading to the most restrictive
interpretation.
Default: usershare prefix allow list = NULL
Example: usershare prefix allow list = /home /data /space
usershare prefix deny list (G)
This parameter specifies a list of absolute pathnames the root of
which are NOT allowed to be exported by user defined share
definitions. If the pathname exported starts with one of the
strings in this list the user defined share will not be allowed.
Any pathname not starting with one of these strings will be allowed
to be exported as a usershare. This allows the Samba administrator
to restrict the directories on the system that can be exported by
user defined shares.
If there is a "usershare prefix deny list" and also a "usershare
prefix allow list" the deny list is processed first, followed by
the allow list, thus leading to the most restrictive
interpretation.
Default: usershare prefix deny list = NULL
Example: usershare prefix deny list = /etc /dev /private
usershare template share (G)
User defined shares only have limited possible parameters such as
path, guest ok, etc. This parameter allows usershares to "cloned"
from an existing share. If "usershare template share" is set to the
name of an existing share, then all usershares created have their
defaults set from the parameters set on this share.
The target share may be set to be invalid for real file sharing by
setting the parameter "-valid = False" on the template share
definition. This causes it not to be seen as a real exported share
but to be able to be used as a template for usershares.
Default: usershare template share = NULL
Example: usershare template share = template_share
use sendfile (S)
If this parameter is yes, and the sendfile() system call is
supported by the underlying operating system, then some SMB read
calls (mainly ReadAndX and ReadRaw) will use the more efficient
sendfile system call for files that are exclusively oplocked. This
may make more efficient use of the system CPU´s and cause Samba to
be faster. Samba automatically turns this off for clients that use
protocol levels lower than NT LM 0.12 and when it detects a client
is Windows 9x (using sendfile from Linux will cause these clients
to fail).
Default: use sendfile = false
use spnego (G)
This variable controls controls whether samba will try to use
Simple and Protected NEGOciation (as specified by rfc2478) with
WindowsXP and Windows2000 clients to agree upon an authentication
mechanism.
Unless further issues are discovered with our SPNEGO
implementation, there is no reason this should ever be disabled.
Default: use spnego = yes
utmp directory (G)
This parameter is only available if Samba has been configured and
compiled with the option
--with-utmp. It specifies a directory pathname that is used to
store the utmp or utmpx files (depending on the UNIX system) that
record user connections to a Samba server. By default this is not
set, meaning the system will use whatever utmp file the native
system is set to use (usually /var/run/utmp on Linux).
Default: utmp directory = # Determined automatically
Example: utmp directory = /var/run/utmp
utmp (G)
This boolean parameter is only available if Samba has been
configured and compiled with the option --with-utmp. If set to yes
then Samba will attempt to add utmp or utmpx records (depending on
the UNIX system) whenever a connection is made to a Samba server.
Sites may use this to record the user connecting to a Samba share.
Due to the requirements of the utmp record, we are required to
create a unique identifier for the incoming user. Enabling this
option creates an n^2 algorithm to find this number. This may
impede performance on large installations.
Default: utmp = no
valid users (S)
This is a list of users that should be allowed to login to this
service. Names starting with ´@´, ´+´ and ´&´ are interpreted using
the same rules as described in the invalid users parameter.
If this is empty (the default) then any user can login. If a
username is in both this list and the invalid users list then
access is denied for that user.
The current servicename is substituted for %S. This is useful in
the [homes] section.
Default: valid users = # No valid users list (anyone can login)
Example: valid users = greg, @pcusers
-valid (S)
This parameter indicates whether a share is valid and thus can be
used. When this parameter is set to false, the share will be in no
way visible nor accessible.
This option should not be used by regular users but might be of
help to developers. Samba uses this option internally to mark
shares as deleted.
Default: -valid = yes
veto files (S)
This is a list of files and directories that are neither visible
nor accessible. Each entry in the list must be separated by a ´/´,
which allows spaces to be included in the entry. ´*´ and ´?´ can be
used to specify multiple files or directories as in DOS wildcards.
Each entry must be a unix path, not a DOS path and must not include
the unix directory separator ´/´.
Note that the case sensitive option is applicable in vetoing files.
One feature of the veto files parameter that it is important to be
aware of is Samba´s behaviour when trying to delete a directory. If
a directory that is to be deleted contains nothing but veto files
this deletion will fail unless you also set the delete veto files
parameter to yes.
Setting this parameter will affect the performance of Samba, as it
will be forced to check all files and directories for a match as
they are scanned.
Examples of use include:
; Veto any files containing the word Security,
; any ending in .tmp, and any directory containing the
; word root.
veto files = /*Security*/*.tmp/*root*/
; Veto the Apple specific files that a NetAtalk server
; creates.
veto files = /.AppleDouble/.bin/.AppleDesktop/Network Trash Folder/
Default: veto files = No files or directories are vetoed.
veto oplock files (S)
This parameter is only valid when the oplocks parameter is turned
on for a share. It allows the Samba administrator to selectively
turn off the granting of oplocks on selected files that match a
wildcarded list, similar to the wildcarded list used in the veto
files parameter.
You might want to do this on files that you know will be heavily
contended for by clients. A good example of this is in the NetBench
SMB benchmark program, which causes heavy client contention for
files ending in .SEM. To cause Samba not to grant oplocks on these
files you would use the line (either in the [global] section or in
the section for the particular NetBench share.
An example of use is:
veto oplock files = /.*SEM/
Default: veto oplock files = # No files are vetoed for oplock
grants
vfs object
This parameter is a synonym for vfs objects.
vfs objects (S)
This parameter specifies the backend names which are used for Samba
VFS I/O operations. By default, normal disk I/O operations are used
but these can be overloaded with one or more VFS objects.
Default: vfs objects =
Example: vfs objects = extd_audit recycle
volume (S)
This allows you to override the volume label returned for a share.
Useful for CDROMs with installation programs that insist on a
particular volume label.
Default: volume = # the name of the share
wide links (S)
This parameter controls whether or not links in the UNIX file
system may be followed by the server. Links that point to areas
within the directory tree exported by the server are always
allowed; this parameter controls access only to areas that are
outside the directory tree being exported.
Note: Turning this parameter on when UNIX extensions are enabled
will allow UNIX clients to create symbolic links on the share that
can point to files or directories outside restricted path exported
by the share definition. This can cause access to areas outside of
the share. Due to this problem, this parameter will be
automatically disabled (with a message in the log file) if the unix
extensions option is on.
Default: wide links = no
winbind cache time (G)
This parameter specifies the number of seconds the winbindd(8)
daemon will cache user and group information before querying a
Windows NT server again.
This does not apply to authentication requests, these are always
evaluated in real time unless the winbind offline logon option has
been enabled.
Default: winbind cache time = 300
winbind enum groups (G)
On large installations using winbindd(8) it may be necessary to
suppress the enumeration of groups through the setgrent(),
getgrent() and endgrent() group of system calls. If the winbind
enum groups parameter is no, calls to the getgrent() system call
will not return any data.
Warning
Turning off group enumeration may cause some programs to behave
oddly.
Default: winbind enum groups = no
winbind enum users (G)
On large installations using winbindd(8) it may be necessary to
suppress the enumeration of users through the setpwent(),
getpwent() and endpwent() group of system calls. If the winbind
enum users parameter is no, calls to the getpwent system call will
not return any data.
Warning
Turning off user enumeration may cause some programs to behave
oddly. For example, the finger program relies on having access
to the full user list when searching for matching usernames.
Default: winbind enum users = no
winbind expand groups (G)
This option controls the maximum depth that winbindd will traverse
when flattening nested group memberships of Windows domain groups.
This is different from the winbind nested groups option which
implements the Windows NT4 model of local group nesting. The
"winbind expand groups" parameter specifically applies to the
membership of domain groups.
Be aware that a high value for this parameter can result in system
slowdown as the main parent winbindd daemon must perform the group
unrolling and will be unable to answer incoming NSS or
authentication requests during this time.
Default: winbind expand groups = 1
winbind nested groups (G)
If set to yes, this parameter activates the support for nested
groups. Nested groups are also called local groups or aliases. They
work like their counterparts in Windows: Nested groups are defined
locally on any machine (they are shared between DC´s through their
SAM) and can contain users and global groups from any trusted SAM.
To be able to use nested groups, you need to run nss_winbind.
Default: winbind nested groups = yes
winbind normalize names (G)
This parameter controls whether winbindd will replace whitespace in
user and group names with an underscore (_) character. For example,
whether the name "Space Kadet" should be replaced with the string
"space_kadet". Frequently Unix shell scripts will have difficulty
with usernames contains whitespace due to the default field
separator in the shell. If your domain possesses names containing
the underscore character, this option may cause problems unless the
name aliasing feature is supported by your nss_info plugin.
This feature also enables the name aliasing API which can be used
to make domain user and group names to a non-qualified version.
Please refer to the manpage for the configured idmap and nss_info
plugin for the specifics on how to configure name aliasing for a
specific configuration. Name aliasing takes precedence (and is
mutually exclusive) over the whitespace replacement mechanism
discussed previsouly.
Default: winbind normalize names = no
Example: winbind normalize names = yes
winbind nss info (G)
This parameter is designed to control how Winbind retrieves Name
Service Information to construct a user´s home directory and login
shell. Currently the following settings are available:
· template - The default, using the parameters of template shell
and template homedir)
· <sfu | rfc2307 > - When Samba is running in security = ads and
your Active Directory Domain Controller does support the
Microsoft "Services for Unix" (SFU) LDAP schema, winbind can
retrieve the login shell and the home directory attributes
directly from your Directory Server. Note that retrieving UID
and GID from your ADS-Server requires to use idmap config
DOMAIN:backend = ad as well.
Default: winbind nss info = template
Example: winbind nss info = sfu
winbind offline logon (G)
This parameter is designed to control whether Winbind should allow
to login with the pam_winbind module using Cached Credentials. If
enabled, winbindd will store user credentials from successful
logins encrypted in a local cache.
Default: winbind offline logon = false
Example: winbind offline logon = true
winbind reconnect delay (G)
This parameter specifies the number of seconds the winbindd(8)
daemon will wait between attempts to contact a Domain controller
for a domain that is determined to be down or not contactable.
Default: winbind reconnect delay = 30
winbind refresh tickets (G)
This parameter is designed to control whether Winbind should
refresh Kerberos Tickets retrieved using the pam_winbind module.
Default: winbind refresh tickets = false
Example: winbind refresh tickets = true
winbind rpc only (G)
Setting this parameter to yes forces winbindd to use RPC instead of
LDAP to retrieve information from Domain Controllers.
Default: winbind rpc only = no
winbind separator (G)
This parameter allows an admin to define the character used when
listing a username of the form of DOMAIN \user. This parameter is
only applicable when using the pam_winbind.so and nss_winbind.so
modules for UNIX services.
Please note that setting this parameter to + causes problems with
group membership at least on glibc systems, as the character + is
used as a special character for NIS in /etc/group.
Default: winbind separator = ´\´
Example: winbind separator = +
winbind trusted domains only (G)
This parameter is designed to allow Samba servers that are members
of a Samba controlled domain to use UNIX accounts distributed via
NIS, rsync, or LDAP as the uid´s for winbindd users in the hosts
primary domain. Therefore, the user DOMAIN\user1 would be mapped to
the account user1 in /etc/passwd instead of allocating a new uid
for him or her.
This parameter is now deprecated in favor of the newer idmap_nss
backend. Refer to the idmap_nss(8) man page for more information.
Default: winbind trusted domains only = no
winbind use default domain (G)
This parameter specifies whether the winbindd(8) daemon should
operate on users without domain component in their username. Users
without a domain component are treated as is part of the winbindd
server´s own domain. While this does not benifit Windows users, it
makes SSH, FTP and e-mail function in a way much closer to the way
they would in a native unix system.
Default: winbind use default domain = no
Example: winbind use default domain = yes
wins hook (G)
When Samba is running as a WINS server this allows you to call an
external program for all changes to the WINS database. The primary
use for this option is to allow the dynamic update of external name
resolution databases such as dynamic DNS.
The wins hook parameter specifies the name of a script or
executable that will be called as follows:
wins_hook operation name nametype ttl IP_list
· The first argument is the operation and is one of "add",
"delete", or "refresh". In most cases the operation can be
ignored as the rest of the parameters provide sufficient
information. Note that "refresh" may sometimes be called when
the name has not previously been added, in that case it should
be treated as an add.
· The second argument is the NetBIOS name. If the name is not a
legal name then the wins hook is not called. Legal names
contain only letters, digits, hyphens, underscores and periods.
· The third argument is the NetBIOS name type as a 2 digit
hexadecimal number.
· The fourth argument is the TTL (time to live) for the name in
seconds.
· The fifth and subsequent arguments are the IP addresses
currently registered for that name. If this list is empty then
the name should be deleted.
An example script that calls the BIND dynamic DNS update program
nsupdate is provided in the examples directory of the Samba source
code.
No default
wins proxy (G)
This is a boolean that controls if nmbd(8) will respond to
broadcast name queries on behalf of other hosts. You may need to
set this to yes for some older clients.
Default: wins proxy = no
wins server (G)
This specifies the IP address (or DNS name: IP address for
preference) of the WINS server that nmbd(8) should register with.
If you have a WINS server on your network then you should set this
to the WINS server´s IP.
You should point this at your WINS server if you have a
multi-subnetted network.
If you want to work in multiple namespaces, you can give every wins
server a ´tag´. For each tag, only one (working) server will be
queried for a name. The tag should be separated from the ip address
by a colon.
Note
You need to set up Samba to point to a WINS server if you have
multiple subnets and wish cross-subnet browsing to work
correctly.
See the chapter in the Samba3-HOWTO on Network Browsing.
Default: wins server =
Example: wins server = mary:192.9.200.1 fred:192.168.3.199
mary:192.168.2.61 # For this example when querying a certain name,
192.19.200.1 will be asked first and if that doesn´t respond
192.168.2.61. If either of those doesn´t know the name
192.168.3.199 will be queried.
Example: wins server = 192.9.200.1 192.168.2.61
wins support (G)
This boolean controls if the nmbd(8) process in Samba will act as a
WINS server. You should not set this to yes unless you have a
multi-subnetted network and you wish a particular nmbd to be your
WINS server. Note that you should NEVER set this to yes on more
than one machine in your network.
Default: wins support = no
workgroup (G)
This controls what workgroup your server will appear to be in when
queried by clients. Note that this parameter also controls the
Domain name used with the security = domain setting.
Default: workgroup = WORKGROUP
Example: workgroup = MYGROUP
writable
This parameter is a synonym for writeable.
writeable (S)
Inverted synonym for read only.
Default: writeable = no
write cache size (S)
If this integer parameter is set to non-zero value, Samba will
create an in-memory cache for each oplocked file (it does not do
this for non-oplocked files). All writes that the client does not
request to be flushed directly to disk will be stored in this cache
if possible. The cache is flushed onto disk when a write comes in
whose offset would not fit into the cache or when the file is
closed by the client. Reads for the file are also served from this
cache if the data is stored within it.
This cache allows Samba to batch client writes into a more
efficient write size for RAID disks (i.e. writes may be tuned to be
the RAID stripe size) and can improve performance on systems where
the disk subsystem is a bottleneck but there is free memory for
userspace programs.
The integer parameter specifies the size of this cache (per
oplocked file) in bytes.
Default: write cache size = 0
Example: write cache size = 262144 # for a 256k cache size per file
write list (S)
This is a list of users that are given read-write access to a
service. If the connecting user is in this list then they will be
given write access, no matter what the read only option is set to.
The list can include group names using the @group syntax.
Note that if a user is in both the read list and the write list
then they will be given write access.
By design, this parameter will not work with the security = share
in Samba 3.0.
Default: write list =
Example: write list = admin, root, @staff
write raw (G)
This parameter controls whether or not the server will support raw
write SMB´s when transferring data from clients. You should never
need to change this parameter.
Default: write raw = yes
wtmp directory (G)
This parameter is only available if Samba has been configured and
compiled with the option
--with-utmp. It specifies a directory pathname that is used to
store the wtmp or wtmpx files (depending on the UNIX system) that
record user connections to a Samba server. The difference with the
utmp directory is the fact that user info is kept after a user has
logged out.
By default this is not set, meaning the system will use whatever
utmp file the native system is set to use (usually /var/run/wtmp on
Linux).
Default: wtmp directory =
Example: wtmp directory = /var/log/wtmp
WARNINGS
Although the configuration file permits service names to contain
spaces, your client software may not. Spaces will be ignored in
comparisons anyway, so it shouldn´t be a problem - but be aware of the
possibility.
On a similar note, many clients - especially DOS clients - limit
service names to eight characters. smbd(8) has no such limitation, but
attempts to connect from such clients will fail if they truncate the
service names. For this reason you should probably keep your service
names down to eight characters in length.
Use of the [homes] and [printers] special sections make life for an
administrator easy, but the various combinations of default attributes
can be tricky. Take extreme care when designing these sections. In
particular, ensure that the permissions on spool directories are
correct.
VERSION
This man page is correct for version 3 of the Samba suite.
SEE ALSOsamba(7), smbpasswd(8), swat(8), smbd(8), nmbd(8), smbclient(1),
nmblookup(1), testparm(1), testprns(1).
AUTHOR
The original Samba software and related utilities were created by
Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open
Source project similar to the way the Linux kernel is developed.
The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page
sources were converted to YODL format (another excellent piece of Open
Source software, available at ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/) and
updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to
DocBook for Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to
DocBook XML 4.2 for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.
Samba 3.5 06/18/2010 SMB.CONF(5)
