Mail::Message::ConstruUserFContributed PerMail::Message::Construct::Forward(3)NAMEMail::Message::Construct::Forward - forwarding a Mail::Message
SYNOPSIS
my Mail::Message $forward = $message->forward(To => 'you');
$forward->send;
DESCRIPTION
Complex functionality on Mail::Message objects is implemented in
different files which are autoloaded. This file implements the
functionality related to creating forwarded messages.
METHODS
Constructing a message
$obj->forward(OPTIONS)
Forward the content of this message. The body of the message to be
forwarded is encapsulated in some accompanying text (if you have no
wish for that, than "bounce" is your choice). A Mail::Message
object is returned on success.
You may forward a whole message, but also message parts. You may
wish to overrule some of the default header settings for the reply
immediately, or you may do that later with "set" on the header.
When a multi-part body is encountered, and the message is included
to ATTACH, the parts which look like signatures will be removed.
If only one message remains, it will be the added as single
attachment, otherwise a nested multipart will be the result. The
value of this option does not matter, as long as it is present.
See "Mail::Message::Body::Multipart".
-Option--Default
Bcc undef
Cc undef
Date <now>
From <'to' in current>
Message-ID <uniquely generated>
Subject forwardSubject()
To <required>
body undef
include <if body then 'NO' else C<'INLINE'>>
preamble constructed from prelude and postlude
signature undef
Bcc => ADDRESSES
Receivers of blind carbon copies: their names will not be
published to other message receivers.
Cc => ADDRESSES
The carbon-copy receivers, by default none.
Date => DATE
The date to be used in the message sent.
From => ADDRESSES
Your identification, by default taken from the "To" field of the
source message.
Message-ID => STRING
Supply a STRING as specific message-id for the forwarded message.
By default, one is generated for you. If there are no angles
around your id, they will be added.
Subject => STRING|CODE
Force the subject line to the specific STRING, or the result of
the subroutine specified by CODE. The subroutine will be called
passing the subject of the original message as only argument. By
default, the forwardSubject() method is used.
To => ADDRESSES
The destination of your message. Obligatory. The ADDRESSES may
be specified as string, a Mail::Address object, or as array of
Mail::Address objects.
body => OBJECT
If you specify a fully prepared body OBJECT, it will be used as
forwarded message contents. In this case, only the headers are
constructed for you.
include => 'NO'|'INLINE'|'ATTACH'|'ENCAPSULATE'
Must the message where this is a reply to be included in the
message? When "INLINE" is given, you may pass the options of
forwardInline() as well.
In many applications, the forward option "as attachment" results
in a structure which is produced when this option is set to
"ENCAPSULATE". Their default behavior is usually "INLINE".
It is only possible to inline textual messages, therefore binary
or multi-part messages will always be enclosed as attachment.
Read the details in section "Creating a forward"..
preamble => STRING|BODY
Part which is attached before the forwarded message. If no
preamble is given, then it is constructed from the prelude and
postlude. When these are also not present, you will still get a
one liner: the result of forwardPrelude()
signature => BODY|MESSAGE
The signature to be added in case of a multi-part forward. The
mime-type of the signature body should indicate this is a used as
such. However, in INLINE mode, the body will be taken, a line
containing '-- ' added before it, and added behind the epilogue.
$obj->forwardAttach(OPTIONS)
Forward the message as flat attachment to the specified "preamble".
You can specify all options available to "forward()", although a
"preamble" which is provided as body object is required, and any
specified "body" is ignored.
-Option--Default
preamble <required>
preamble => BODY|PART
$obj->forwardEncapsulate(OPTIONS)
Like forwardAttach(), but in this case the original message is
first encapsulated as nested message in a
Mail::Message::Body::Nested, and then joint into a multipart.
You can specify all options available to "forward()", although a
"preamble" which is provided as body object is required, and any
specified "body" is ignored. Signatures are not stripped.
Signatures are not stripped.
-Option--Default
preamble <required>
preamble => BODY|PART
$obj->forwardInline(OPTIONS)
This method is equivalent in behavior to forward() with the option
"include" set to 'INLINE'. You can specify most of the fields
which are available to forward() except "include" and "body".
-Option--Default
is_attached "[The forwarded message is attached]\n"
max_signature 10
postlude undef
prelude undef
quote undef
strip_signature qr/^--\s/
is_attached => STRING
A forward on binary messages can not be inlined. Therefore, they
are automatically translated into an attachment, as made by
forwardAttach(). The obligatory preamble option to that method
may be specified as option to this method, to be used in case of
such a forward of a binary, but is otherwise constructed from the
prelude, the value of this option, and the postlude.
max_signature => INTEGER
Passed to Mail::Message::Body::stripSignature(max_lines). Only
effective for single-part messages.
postlude => BODY
The line(s) which to be added after the quoted reply lines.
Create a body for it first. This should not include the
signature, which has its own option. The signature will be added
after the postlude when the forwarded message is "INLINE"d.
prelude => BODY
The line(s) which will be added before the quoted forwarded
lines. If nothing is specified, the result of the
forwardPrelude() method is used. When "undef" is specified, no
prelude will be added.
quote => CODE|STRING
Mangle the lines of an "INLINE"d reply with CODE, or by
prepending a STRING to each line. The routine specified by CODE
is called when the line is in $_.
By default, nothing is added before each line. This option is
processed after the body has been decoded.
strip_signature => REGEXP|STRING|CODE
Remove the signature of the sender. The value of this parameter
is passed to Mail::Message::Body::stripSignature(pattern), unless
the source text is not included. The signature is stripped from
the message before quoting.
$obj->forwardNo(OPTIONS)
Construct a forward, where the whole body of the message is already
constructed. That complex body is usually produced in
forwardInline(), forwardAttach(), or forwardEncapsulate().
The OPTIONS are the same as for "forward()" except that "body" is
required. Some other options, like "preamble", are ignored.
-Option--Default
body <required>
body => BODY
$obj->forwardPostlude
Added after the forwarded message.
example:
---- END forwarded message
$obj->forwardPrelude
Create a few lines to be included before the forwarded message
content. The return is an array of lines.
example:
---- BEGIN forwarded message
From: him@somewhere.else.nl (Original Sender)
To: me@example.com (Me the receiver)
Cc: the.rest@world.net
Date: Wed, 9 Feb 2000 15:44:05 -0500
<blank line>
$obj->forwardSubject(STRING)
Create a subject for a message which is a forward from this one.
This routine tries to count the level of reply in subject field,
and transform it into a standard form. Please contribute
improvements.
example:
subject --> Forw: subject
Re: subject --> Forw: Re: subject
Re[X]: subject --> Forw: Re[X]: subject
<blank> --> Forwarded
DETAILS
Creating a forward
forward, specify a body
When you specify forward(body), you have created your own body object
to be used as content of the forwarded message. This implies that
forward(include) is 'NO': no automatic generation of the forwarded
body.
forward, inline the original
The forward(include) is set to 'INLINE' (the default) This is the most
complicated situation, but most often used by MUAs: the original
message is inserted textually in the new body. You can set-up
automatic stripping of signatures, the way of encapsulation, and texts
which should be added before and after the encapsulated part.
However, the result may not always be what you expect. For instance,
some people use very long signatures which will not be automatically
stripped because the pass the threshold. So, you probably need some
manual intervention after the message is created and before it is sent.
When a binary message is encountered, inlining is impossible. In that
case, the message is treated as if 'ENCAPSULATE' was requested.
forward, attach the original
When forward(include) is explicitly set to 'ATTACH' the result will be
a multipart which contains two parts. The first part will be your
message, and the second the body of the original message.
This means that the headers of the forwarded message are used for the
new message, and detached from the part which now contains the original
body information. Content related headers will (of course) still be
part of that part, but lines line "To" and "Subject" will not be stored
with that part.
As example of the structural transformation:
# code: $original->printStructure;
multipart/alternative: The source message
text/plain: content in raw text
text/html: content as html
# code: $fwd = $original->forward(include => 'ATTACH');
# code: $fwd->printStructure
multipart/mixed: The source message
text/plain: prelude/postlude/signature
multipart/alternative
text/plain: content in raw text
text/html: content as html
forward, encapsulate the original
When forward(include) is explicitly set to 'ENCAPSULATE', then the
original message is left in-tact as good as possible. The lines of the
original message are used in the main message header but also enclosed
in the part header.
The encapsulation is implemented using a nested message, content type
"message/rfc822". As example of the structural transformation:
# code: $original->printStructure;
multipart/alternative: The source message
text/plain: content in raw text
text/html: content as html
# code: $fwd = $original->forward(include => 'ENCAPSULATE');
# code: $fwd->printStructure
multipart/mixed: The source message
text/plain: prelude/postlude/signature
message/rfc822
multipart/alternative: The source message
text/plain: content in raw text
text/html: content as html
The message structure is much more complex, but no information is lost.
This is probably the reason why many MUAs use this when the forward an
original message as attachment.
The main difference between bounce() and forward() is the reason for
message processing. The bounce has no intention to modify the content
of message: the same information is passed-on to someplace else. This
may mean some conversions, but for instance, the Message-ID does not
need to be changed.
The purpose of forward() is to pass on information which is modified:
annotated or reduced. The information is not sent back to the author
of the original message (which is implemented by reply()), but to
someone else.
So: some information comes in, is modified, and than forwarded to
someone else. Currently, there are four ways to get the original
information included, which are explained in the next sections.
After the creation of the forward, you may want to rebuild() the
message to remove unnecessary complexities. Of course, that is not
required.
DIAGNOSTICS
Error: Cannot include forward source as $include.
Unknown alternative for the forward(include). Valid choices are
"NO", "INLINE", "ATTACH", and "ENCAPSULATE".
Error: Method forwardAttach requires a preamble
Error: Method forwardEncapsulate requires a preamble
Error: No address to create forwarded to.
If a forward message is created, a destination address must be
specified.
SEE ALSO
This module is part of Mail-Box distribution version 2.097, built on
January 26, 2011. Website: http://perl.overmeer.net/mailbox/
LICENSE
Copyrights 2001-2011 by Mark Overmeer. For other contributors see
ChangeLog.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the same terms as Perl itself. See
http://www.perl.com/perl/misc/Artistic.html
perl v5.14.12011-01-Mail::Message::Construct::Forward(3)
