PPI::Statement(3) User Contributed Perl Documentation PPI::Statement(3)NAMEPPI::Statement - The base class for Perl statements
INHERITANCEPPI::Statement
isa PPI::Node
isa PPI::Element
DESCRIPTIONPPI::Statement is the root class for all Perl statements. This includes
(from perlsyn) "Declarations", "Simple Statements" and "Compound
Statements".
The class PPI::Statement itself represents a "Simple Statement" as
defined in the perlsyn manpage.
STATEMENT CLASSES
Please note that unless documented themselves, these classes are yet to
be frozen/finalised. Names may change slightly or be added or removed.
PPI::Statement::Scheduled
This covers all "scheduled" blocks, chunks of code that are executed
separately from the main body of the code, at a particular time. This
includes all "BEGIN", "CHECK", "UNITCHECK", "INIT" and "END" blocks.
PPI::Statement::Package
A package declaration, as defined in perlfunc.
PPI::Statement::Include
A statement that loads or unloads another module.
This includes 'use', 'no', and 'require' statements.
PPI::Statement::Sub
A named subroutine declaration, or forward declaration
PPI::Statement::Variable
A variable declaration statement. This could be either a straight
declaration or also be an expression.
This includes all 'my', 'state', 'local' and 'our' statements.
PPI::Statement::Compound
This covers the whole family of 'compound' statements, as described in
perlsyn.
This includes all statements starting with 'if', 'unless', 'for',
'foreach' and 'while'. Note that this does NOT include 'do', as it is
treated differently.
All compound statements have implicit ends. That is, they do not end
with a ';' statement terminator.
PPI::Statement::Break
A statement that breaks out of a structure.
This includes all of 'redo', 'next', 'last' and 'return' statements.
PPI::Statement::Given
The kind of statement introduced in Perl 5.10 that starts with 'given'.
This has an implicit end.
PPI::Statement::When
The kind of statement introduced in Perl 5.10 that starts with 'when'
or 'default'. This also has an implicit end.
PPI::Statement::Data
A special statement which encompasses an entire "__DATA__" block,
including the initial '__DATA__' token itself and the entire contents.
PPI::Statement::End
A special statement which encompasses an entire __END__ block,
including the initial '__END__' token itself and the entire contents,
including any parsed PPI::Token::POD that may occur in it.
PPI::Statement::Expression
PPI::Statement::Expression is a little more speculative, and is
intended to help represent the special rules relating to "expressions"
such as in:
# Several examples of expression statements
# Boolean conditions
if ( expression ) { ... }
# Lists, such as for arguments
Foo->bar( expression )
PPI::Statement::Null
A null statement is a special case for where we encounter two
consecutive statement terminators. ( ;; )
The second terminator is given an entire statement of its own, but one
that serves no purpose. Hence a 'null' statement.
Theoretically, assuming a correct parsing of a perl file, all null
statements are superfluous and should be able to be removed without
damage to the file.
But don't do that, in case PPI has parsed something wrong.
PPI::Statement::UnmatchedBrace
Because PPI is intended for use when parsing incorrect or incomplete
code, the problem arises of what to do with a stray closing brace.
Rather than die, it is allocated its own "unmatched brace" statement,
which really means "unmatched closing brace". An unmatched open brace
at the end of a file would become a structure with no contents and no
closing brace.
If the document loaded is intended to be correct and valid, finding a
PPI::Statement::UnmatchedBrace in the PDOM is generally indicative of a
misparse.
PPI::Statement::Unknown
This is used temporarily mid-parsing to hold statements for which the
lexer cannot yet determine what class it should be, usually because
there are insufficient clues, or it might be more than one thing.
You should never encounter these in a fully parsed PDOM tree.
METHODS
"PPI::Statement" itself has very few methods. Most of the time, you
will be working with the more generic PPI::Element or PPI::Node
methods, or one of the methods that are subclass-specific.
label
One factor common to most statements is their ability to be labeled.
The "label" method returns the label for a statement, if one has been
defined, but without the trailing colon. Take the following example
MYLABEL: while ( 1 .. 10 ) { last MYLABEL if $_ > 5 }
For the above statement, the "label" method would return 'MYLABEL'.
Returns false if the statement does not have a label.
specialized
Answer whether this is a plain statement or one that has more
significance.
Returns true if the statement is a subclass of this one, false
otherwise.
stable
Much like the PPI::Document method of the same name, the ->stable
method converts a statement to source and back again, to determine if a
modified statement is still legal, and won't be interpreted in a
different way.
Returns true if the statement is stable, false if not, or "undef" on
error.
TO DO
- Complete, freeze and document the remaining classes
SUPPORT
See the support section in the main module.
AUTHOR
Adam Kennedy <adamk@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2001 - 2011 Adam Kennedy.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the same terms as Perl itself.
The full text of the license can be found in the LICENSE file included
with this module.
perl v5.14.1 2011-02-26 PPI::Statement(3)
