PKG(8) BSD System Manager's Manual PKG(8)NAME
pkg, pkg-static — manipulate packages
SYNOPSISpkg [-v] [-d] [-l] [-N] [-j ⟨chroot path⟩ | -r ⟨root directory⟩]
[-C ⟨configuration file⟩] [-R ⟨repository configuration directory⟩]
[-4 | -6] ⟨command⟩ ⟨flags⟩
pkg [--version] [--debug] [--list] [-N]
[--jail ⟨jail name or id⟩ | --chroot ⟨chroot path⟩ | --rootdir ⟨root directory⟩]
[--config ⟨configuration file⟩]
[--repo-conf-dir ⟨repository configuration directory⟩] [-4 | -6]
⟨command⟩ ⟨flags⟩
DESCRIPTIONpkg provides an interface for manipulating packages: registering, adding,
removing and upgrading packages. pkg-static is a statically linked vari‐
ant of pkg typically only used for the initial installation of pkg.
There are some differences in functionality. See pkg.conf(5) for
details.
OPTIONS
The following options are supported by pkg:
-v, --version
Display the current version of pkg.
-d, --debug
Show debug information.
-l, --list
List all the available command names, and exit without performing
any other action. The -v option takes precedence over -l but -l
will override any other command line arguments.
-o ⟨option=value⟩, --option ⟨option=value⟩
Set configuration option for pkg from the command line. Options
that are set from the environment are redefined. It is permitted
to specify this option multiple times.
-N Activation status check mode. Prevent pkg from automatically
creating or initializing the SQLite database in
/var/db/pkg/local.sqlite if it does not already exist.
Prevent pkg from performing any actions if no packages are cur‐
rently installed, on the basis that a correctly initialised sys‐
tem using pkg will always have at least the pkg package itself
registered.
If used without any other arguments, pkg-N will run the sanity
tests and if successful print out a short message showing how
many packages are currently installed. The exit status should be
a reliable indication of whether a system is configured to use
pkg as its package management system or not.
Example usage:
if pkg-N >/dev/null 2>&1; then
# pkgng-specifics
else
# pkg_install-specifics
fi
The -N flag was first released in the /usr/sbin/pkg bootstrapper
in FreeBSD 8.4, but was missing from FreeBSD 9.1. It may not be
enough to just call pkg-N, as the bootstrapper may be invoked,
or an error returned from pkg. The following script is the
safest way to detect if pkg is installed and activated:
if TMPDIR=/dev/null ASSUME_ALWAYS_YES=yes \
PACKAGESITE=file:///nonexistent \
pkg info -x 'pkg(-devel)?$' >/dev/null 2>&1; then
# pkgng-specifics
else
# pkg_install-specifics
fi
-c ⟨chroot path⟩, --chroot ⟨chroot path⟩
pkg will chroot in the ⟨chroot path⟩ environment.
-r ⟨root directory⟩, --rootdir ⟨root directory⟩
pkg will install all packages within the specified ⟨root
directory⟩.
-C ⟨configuration file⟩, --config ⟨configuration file⟩
pkg will use the specified file as a configuration file.
-R ⟨repo conf dir⟩, --repo-conf-dir ⟨repo conf dir⟩
pkg will search the directory for per-repository configuration
files. This overrides any value of REPOS_DIR specified in the
main configuration file.
-4pkg will use IPv4 for fetching repository and packages.
-6pkg will use IPv6 for fetching repository and packages.
COMMANDS
The following commands are supported by pkg:
help command
Display usage information of the specified command.
add Install a package from either a local source or a remote one.
When installing from remote source you need to specify the proto‐
col to use when fetching the package.
Currently supported protocols are FTP, HTTP and HTTPS.
annotate
Add, modify or delete tag-value style annotations on packages.
audit Audit installed packages against known vulnerabilities.
autoremove
Delete packages which were automatically installed as dependen‐
cies and are not required any more.
backup Dump the local package database to a file specified on the com‐
mand-line.
bootstrap
This is for compatibility with the pkg(7) bootstrapper. If pkg
is already installed, nothing is done.
If invoked with the -f flag an attempt will be made to reinstall
pkg from remote repository.
check Sanity checks installed packages.
clean Clean the local cache of fetched remote packages.
convert
Convert to and from the old pkg_add(1) format.
create Create a package.
delete Delete a package from the database and the system.
fetch Fetch packages from a remote repository.
info Display information about installed packages.
install
Install a package from a remote package repository. If a package
is found in more than one remote repository, then installation
happens from the first one. Downloading a package is tried from
each package repository in turn, until the package is success‐
fully fetched.
lock Prevent modification or deletion of a package.
plugins
List the available plugins.
query Query information about installed packages.
register
Register a package in the database.
repo Create a local package repository for remote usage.
rquery Query information for remote repositories.
search Search for the given pattern in the remote package repositories.
set Modify information in the installed database.
shell Open a SQLite shell to the local or remote database. Extreme
care should be taken when using this command.
shlib Displays which packages link to a specific shared library.
stats Display package database statistics.
unlock Unlocks packages, allowing them to be modified or deleted.
update Update the available remote repositories as listed in
pkg.conf(5).
updating
Display UPDATING entries of installed packages.
upgrade
Upgrade a package to a newer version.
version
Summarize installed versions of packages.
which Query the database for package(s) that installed a specific file.
ENVIRONMENT
All configuration options from pkg.conf.5 can be passed as environment
variables.
Extra environment variables are:
INSTALL_AS_USER Allow to do all manipulation as a regular user instead
of checking for root credentials when appropriate.
It is expected that the user will ensure that every file
and directory manipulated by pkg are readable (or
writable where appropriate) by the user.
FILES
See pkg.conf(5).
EXAMPLES
Search for a package:
$ pkg search perl
Install a package:
Installing must specify a unique origin or version otherwise it
will try installing all matches.
% pkg install perl-5.14
List installed packages:
$ pkg info
Upgrade from remote repository:
% pkg upgrade
Change the origin for an installed package:
% pkg set -o lang/perl5.12:lang/perl5.14
% pkg install -Rf lang/perl5.14
List non-automatic packages:
$ pkg query -e '%a = 0' %o
List automatic packages:
$ pkg query -e '%a = 1' %o
Delete an installed package:
% pkg delete perl-5.14
Remove unneeded dependencies:
% pkg autoremove
Change a package from automatic to non-automatic, which will prevent
autoremove from removing it:
% pkg set -A 0 perl-5.14
Change a package from non-automatic to automatic, which will make
autoremove allow it be removed once nothing depends on it:
% pkg set -A 1 perl-5.14
Create package file from an installed package:
% pkg create -o /usr/dports/packages/All perl-5.14
Determine which package installed a file:
$ pkg which /usr/local/bin/perl
Audit installed packages for security advisories:
$ pkg audit
Check installed packages for checksum mismatches:
# pkg check -s -a
Check for missing dependencies:
# pkg check -d -a
SEE ALSOSBUF(9), elf(3), fetch(3), libarchive(3), pkg_printf(3), pkg_repos(3),
pkg-repository(5), pkg.conf(5), pkg-add(8), pkg-annotate(8),
pkg-audit(8), pkg-autoremove(8), pkg-backup(8), pkg-check(8),
pkg-clean(8), pkg-config(8), pkg-convert(8), pkg-create(8),
pkg-delete(8), pkg-fetch(8), pkg-info(8), pkg-install(8), pkg-lock(8),
pkg-query(8), pkg-register(8), pkg-repo(8), pkg-rquery(8), pkg-search(8),
pkg-set(8), pkg-shell(8), pkg-shlib(8), pkg-ssh(8), pkg-stats(8),
pkg-update(8), pkg-updating(8), pkg-upgrade(8), pkg-version(8),
pkg-which(8)
To build your own package set for one or multiple servers see
ports-mgmt/poudriere
HISTORY
The pkg command first appeared in FreeBSD 9.1.
AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS
Baptiste Daroussin ⟨bapt@FreeBSD.org⟩
Julien Laffaye ⟨jlaffaye@FreeBSD.org⟩
Philippe Pepiot <phil@philpep.org>
Will Andrews <will@FreeBSD.org>
Marin Atanasov Nikolov <dnaeon@gmail.com>
Yuri Pankov <yuri.pankov@gmail.com>
Alberto Villa <avilla@FreeBSD.org>
Brad Davis <brd@FreeBSD.org>
Matthew Seaman <matthew@FreeBSD.org>
Bryan Drewery <bryan@shatow.net>
Eitan Adler <eadler@FreeBSD.org>
Romain Tarti`ere <romain@FreeBSD.org>
Vsevolod Stakhov <vsevolod@FreeBSD.org>
Alexandre Perrin <alex@kaworu.ch>
BUGS
See the issue tracker at https://github.com/freebsd/pkg/issues
Please direct questions and issues to the pkg@FreeBSD.org mailing list.
BSD October 31, 2015 BSD
