RATPOISON(1) BSD General Commands Manual RATPOISON(1)NAMEratpoison — window manager without mouse dependency
SYNOPSISratpoison [-hv]
ratpoison [-d dpy] [-s num] [-f file]
ratpoison [-d dpy] [-s num] [-i] -c command [-c command ...]
DESCRIPTIONratpoison is a Window Manager without fat library dependencies, fancy
graphics or rat dependence.
The screen can be split into non-overlapping frames. All windows are
kept maximized inside their frames.
All interaction with the window manager is done through keystrokes.
ratpoison has a prefix map to minimize key clobbering.
The options are as follows:
-c, --command
Send ratpoison a command. There must be a ratpoison instance running
as window manager for the given display/screen for this to work. Do
not forget to quote the command if it contains spaces. For example:
ratpoison-c "echo hello world"
-d, --display display
Set the X display to use or send commands to.
-f, --file filename
Specify an alternate configuration file. If this is not given,
ratpoison will try $HOME/.ratpoisonrc and if that does not exist
/etc/ratpoisonrc and execute each command when starting up.
-h, --help
Show summary of options.
-i, --interactive
Execute commands given with -c or --command in interactive mode.
That means it will behave exactly as if called with C-t : like
prompting for missing arguments and things like that.
-s, --screen number
Only use the specified screen.
-v, --version
Show version of program.
KEY BINDINGS
To avoid conflicts with other programs, all default ratpoison key bind‐
ings start with an escape key, per default C-t (read Control-t). Some
important default key bindings:
C-t ? Show key bindings
C-t c Start an X terminal
C-t n Switch to next window
C-t p Switch to previous window
C-t 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
Switch to window number 1 | 2 | ...
C-t k Close the current window
C-t K XKill the current application
C-t s | S
Split the current frame into two vertical | horizontal ones
C-t Tab | Left | Up | Right | Down
Switch to the next | left | top | right | bottom frame.
C-t Q Make the current frame the only one
C-t : Execute a ratpoison command
Further default key bindings can be found in parentheses after the com‐
mands in the next section.
COMMANDS AND DEFAULT ALIASES
abort (C-t C-g) Do nothing and that successfully. (Useful if you
pressed C-t in error).
addhook event command
Add a hook: run command whenever event is called. Possible
events are:
deletewindow
Run after a window is withdrawn.
newwindow
Run after a new window is mapped.
key Run whenever a top level key is pressed (by default C-t).
quit Run before exiting ratpoison.
restart
Run before restarting ratpoison.
switchframe
Run after a frame actually switched, but before the win‐
dow in it is focused.
switchgroup
Run after selecting a new group.
switchwin
Run after a new window is selected. (With dedication, it
may already be inactive again, if it was put into another
frame)
alias alias command
Add alias as new way to call command.
bind key command
alias for "definekey root key command"
banish (C-t b) Banish the rat cursor to the lower right corner of the
screen.
banishrel
Banish the rat cursor to the lower right corner of the current
window. If there isn't a window in the current frame, it ban‐
ishes the rat cursor to the lower right corner of the frame.
chdir [directory]
If the optional argument is given, change the current directory
of ratpoison to directory. If nothing is given, change it to the
value of the environment variable "HOME".
clrunmanaged
Clears the unmanaged window list.
cnext Like next but switch to the next window with another resource
class than the current one. (That means the next window belong‐
ing to another type of application than the current one.)
cprev Like prev but switch to the previous window with another resource
class than the current one. (That means the previous window
belonging to another type of application than the current one.)
colon ratpoison-command (C-t :)
Execute ratpoison-command interactively. (i.e. ask for possible
missing arguments.)
compat Add aliases for the new set commands starting with "def" to sup‐
port older scripts.
cother Like other but switch to the window of the current group that was
last accessed and has another resource class but is not currently
visible.
curframe (C-t F)
Show a bar marking the current frame.
definekey keymap key command
Add a new key binding in keymap for key to execute command.
Default keymaps are top normally only containing C-t, which reads
a key from root, containing all the normal commands.
Note that you have to describe ":" by "colon", "!" by "exclam"
and so on. If you cannot guess a name of a key, try either C-t
key and look at the error message, or try :describekey root and
pressing the key.
def... When compat was called there are some aliases starting with
"def", which alias the new form with set. I.e. instead of
defresizeunit better use the new set resizeunit and so on...
dedicate [0 | 1]
Consider the current frame dedicated/chaste (1) or promiscuous
(0).
A dedicated frame will not accept new windows. When new windows
are to be focused, they will be opened in a non-dedicated frame
instead.
If no argument is given, toggle the current dedicateness. By
default no windows are dedicated.
delete (C-t k)
Close the current window.
delkmap keymap
Deletes the keymap named keymap, that was generated with newkmap.
The keymaps top (or whatever was specified by set topkmap) and
root cannot be deleted.
describekey keymap
Grab the next key. Similar to readkey, describekey shows only the
command in keymap, that would be executed by readkey.
echo text
Show text as ratpoison message.
escape key
Update the default escape key to key.
Strictly speaking it updates the readkey root command in the
keymap top to key, the other binding in root to key, and meta
binding in root to key without modifiers or C-key if key has no
modifiers. (If set topkmap was called with an argument other
than top that will be used instead of top.)
exchangedown (C-t C-Down)
Exchange the window in the current frame with the window in the
frame below the current frame.
exchangeleft (C-t C-Left)
Exchange the window in the current frame with the window in the
frame left of the current frame.
exchangeright (C-t C-Right)
Exchange the window in the current frame with the window in the
frame right of the current frame.
exchangeup (C-t C-Up)
Exchange the window in the current frame with the window in the
frame above the current frame.
exec shell-command (C-t !)
Spawn a shell executing shell-command.
execa shell-command
Spawn a shell executing shell-command, without remembering the
current frame, so that _NET_WM_PID declaring programs will be
placed into the frame active when they open a window instead of
the frame active when ratpoison gets this command.
execf frame shell-command
Spawn a shell executing shell-command, showing _NET_WM_PID sup‐
porting programs in the given frame instead of the frame selected
when this program is run.
fdump [screenno]
Output the defining data for all frames of the current screen, or
for screen number screenno if this is specified.
focus (C-t Tab)
Focus the next frame.
focuslast
Switch to the last selected focus.
focusleft (C-t Left)
Switch to the frame to the left of the current one.
focusdown (C-t Down)
Switch to the frame beneath the current one.
focusright (C-t Right)
Switch to the frame to the right of the current one.
focusprev
Focus the previous frame.
focusup (C-t Up)
Switch to the frame above the current one.
frestore frames
Replace the current frames with the ones specified in frames in
the format as generated by fdump.
fselect [frameno] (C-t f)
If an argument is supplied, switch to a frame given by number
frameno.
If no argument is given, show a frame selector in each frame and
wait for a key to be pressed. If the key matches an existing
frame selector, this frame gets focused.
Frame selectors are by default the numbers starting with zero,
but they can be changed by setting framesels.
gdelete [group]
If the optional argument group is supplied, delete group. Other‐
wise delete the current group. If the last group is deleted, a
new group with name default is created. The group has to be
empty, otherwise it cannot be deleted.
getenv variable
Output the value of the environment variable variable.
getsel Paste the current X Selection into the current window.
gmerge group
Move all windows from group group into the current group.
gmove group
Move the current window into group group.
gnew group
Create a new group with name group and select it. Most window
commands only see (and thus select, consider next, previous or
last) windows within the group active when they are issued.
gnewbg group
Create a new group named group, but do not select it.
gnext Select the next group. Most window commands only see windows in
the effective group.
gnumber [old new]
Give the number new to the group with the number old or the cur‐
rent group.
gother Select the last accessed group. Most window commands only see
windows in the effective group.
gprev Select the prior group. Most window commands only see windows in
the effective group.
gravity [nw | w | sw | n | c | s | ne | e | se]
Change how in its frame the current window is aligned.
grename
Rename current group.
groups Output a list of all groups with their number.
gselect group
Select the group named group.
help [keymap]
If the optional parameter keymap is given, list all keybindings
in this keymap, otherwise list all key bindings in keymap root.
hsplit [l/p | [-]pixels] (C-t S)
Split the current frame into left frame and a right frame. If no
parameter is given, split in halves. If two numbers separated by
a slash (‘/’) are given, the left one is l times the pth part and
the right one (p - l) times the pth part of the prior width.
Otherwise the right half is pixels wide or the left one is pixels
wide, depending whether there is ‘-’ in front of the number or
not.
inext Like next but switch to the next window with the same resource
class as the current one. (That means the next window belonging
to the same application as the current one.)
info (C-t i)
Output the current the width, height, window number and window
name of the current window. (What name means is chosen by “set
winname”.)
iprev Like prev but switch to the previous window with the same
resource class as the current one. (That means the previous win‐
dow belonging to the same application as the current one.)
iother Like other but switch to the window of the current group that was
last accessed and has the same resource class but is not cur‐
rently visible.
kill (C-t K)
Close the X-connection of the X-client responsible for the cur‐
rent window.
lastmsg (C-t m)
Reshow the last message.
license (C-t V)
Show ratpoison's license.
link key [keymap]
Do what key is bound to in the keymap keymap if supplied. Other‐
wise what key is bound to in keymap root.
listhook event
List all commands specified with addhook to be executed when even
event occurs.
meta [key] (C-t t)
Send the escape key (that which normally is C-t) to the current
window. If a key is specified, this is sent instead. Note that
some applications by default ignore the synthetic key that is
sent using this command as it is considered a security hole.
xterm is one such application.
msgwait [seconds]
Set the duration the message window is shown. If seconds is
zero, wait infinitely.
newkmap keymap
Generate a new keymap named keymap. This keymap can be used to
add new key-command mappings to it with definekey and can be
called with readkey.
newwm new-window-manager
Quit ratpoison and execute new-window-manager instead.
next (C-t Return | C-t n | C-t space)
Switch to the next window in the current group.
nextscreen (C-t N)
Switch to the next screen. (If you have multiple physical ones.)
number new [old]
Give the number new to the window with the number old or the cur‐
rent window.
only (C-t Q)
Remove all frames on the current screen except the current frame
and maximize this one to the size of the whole screen.
other (C-t C-t)
Switch to the window of the current group that was last accessed
but is not currently visible.
prev (C-t p)
Switch to the previous window in the current group.
prevscreen (C-t P)
Switch to the previous screen. (If you have multiple physical
ones.)
prompt [prompt]
ratpoison will ask the user for input, showing prompt (or a sin‐
gle colon, if no argument is given) and output the input the user
has made. Note that this command probably does not make much
sense in interactive mode.
putsel x-selection
Replace the X selection with the text x-selection. It can be
inserted into the current window with getsel.
quit Quit ratpoison.
ratinfo
Display the x y coordinates of the rat cursor relative to the
screen.
ratrelinfo
Display the x y coordinates of the rat cursor relative to the
current window or current frame if no window is focused
ratwarp x y
Move the rat cursor to the position (x, y).
ratrelwarp deltax deltay
Move the rat cursor to (deltax, deltay), relative to the current
position.
ratclick [button]
Simulate a rat click with button (button 1=left button if none
given).
rathold (up | down) [button]
Simulate pressing|releasing rat button button (1=left button if
none given).
readkey keymap
Grab the next key pressed, and execute the command associated to
this key in keymap. To show it is waiting for a key, ratpoison
will change the rat cursor to a square if waitcursor is set.
This command is perhaps best described with its usage in the
default configuration: by pressing C-t, which is the only key in
the keymap top , the command "readkey root" is executed. The
next key then executes the command in keymap root belonging to
this command.
redisplay (C-t l)
Extend the current window to the whole size of its current frame
and redisplay it. (Useful to redisplay normal windows or bring
transient windows to the full size of the frame as only normal
windows are maximized by ratpoison)
redo (C-t U)
Revert the last undo of frame changes.
remhook event command
Remove command command from the list of commands to be called
when event event is hit. (The command has to specified, as an
event can have multiple commands attached to it.) Use "listhook
hook" to get a list of all attached commands.
remove (C-t R)
Remove the current frame and extend some frames around to fill
the remaining gap.
resize [deltax deltay] (C-t r)
If deltax and deltay are supplied, resize the current frame by
that (i.e. move the bottom right corner by the given offsets and
then move this frame and resize adjacent frames to make the
frames fill the whole screen again.)
If in interactive mode no arguments are supplied, resize the cur‐
rent frame interactively:
Return finish resizing
C-g, Escape abort resizing
C-n, Down, j grow vertically
C-p, Up, k shrink vertically
C-f, Right, l grow horizontally
C-b, Up, h shrink horizontally
s shrink to size of current window
While resizing interactively, changes are in multiples of the
amount of pixels given by set resizeunit (by default 10).
restart
Restart ratpoison.
rudeness [rudeness]
Show or set what kind of windows are allowed to jostle into the
foreground. rudeness is a bitwise OR of the following values:
1 Transient windows may raise.
2 Normal windows may raise.
4 New transient windows end up in the foreground.
8 New normal windows end up in the foreground.
Default is all allowed i.e. 15.
sdump Output the list of all screens. The screens are separated by
commas. Each screen is shown as 6 values: its number, its x-coor‐
dinate, its y-coordinate, its width, its height and if it is cur‐
rently selected (1=true, 0=false).
select (- | name | number) (C-t ')
If a number is given, switch to the window with number number.
If a name is given, switch to the window in the current group
with name name. Blank the current frame, if - is given.
set [variable [value]]
If no argument is given, output all ratpoison variables and their
values.
If one argument is given, output the value of ratpoison variable
variable. Otherwise set variable to value. What values are
valid depends on the variable. See the section VARIABLES later
in this document for details.
setenv variable value
Set the environment variable variable to value. (Environment
variables will be passed to all programs started from ratpoison.)
sfdump Output all frames similar to fdump, but not limited to one
screen, but all screens at once and with the screen number after
each frame.
sfrestore frames
Replace the current frames with the ones specified in frames in
the format as generated by sfdump.
shrink Shrink the current frame to the size of the current window with
in.
split [split] (C-t s)
alias for vsplit
source file
Read file and execute each line as ratpoison command.
sselect screennumber
Switch to the screen screennumber. (If you have multiple physi‐
cal ones.)
startup_message (on | off)
Select whether ratpoison will show a startup message or not.
swap dest-frame [src-frame] (C-t x)
Exchange the window in src-frame (or the current frame if there
is no second argument) with the window dest-frame (or ask inter‐
actively which frame to swap with if there is no argument).
time (C-t a)
Output current data and time.
title newname (C-t A)
Overwrite the title of the current window with newname. All fol‐
lowing ratpoison commands will only know the window under the new
name.
tmpwm tmpwm
Temporarily give control over to the other window manager tmpwm,
reclaiming control when that WM terminates.
unalias alias
Remove the alias alias.
unbind key
alias for
undefinekey root key
undefinekey keymap key
Remove the binding for key from keymap.
undo (C-t _, C-t u)
Un-do the last change to the frameset. (Like splitting, resiz‐
ing, deleting, ...)
The amount of steps that can be undone is specified by the vari‐
able maxundos.
unmanage [name]
Add name to the list of unmanaged windows. Thus, windows of this
name will not be managed but allowed to choose their position
themselves.
In non-interactive mode calling it without arguments will print
the list.
The list can be cleared again by calling clrunmanaged.
unsetenv variable
Remove variable variable from the list of environment variables.
verbexec cmdline
Spawn a shell executing cmdline after showing a message with the
command.
version (C-t v)
Output version and compile time information.
vsplit [l/p | pixels-from-top | -pixels-from-bottom] (C-t s)
Split the current frame into upper frame and a lower frame. If
no parameter is given, split in halves. If two numbers separated
by a slash (“/”) are given, the upper one is l times the pth part
and the lower one (p - l) times the pth part of the prior height.
Otherwise the lower one is pixels from bottom wide or the upper
one pixels from top high, depending whether there is a “-” in
front of the number or not.
warp (on | off)
Select if focusing a window moves the rat cursor to the place it
had been last time this window was focused, or not.
windows [format] (C-t w)
In interactive mode, show the list of all windows in the current
group for the duration specified by msgwait. If the msgwait
argument was zero, toggle between indefinitely showing and not
showing.
The messages are shown in columns or rows depending on the value
of winliststyle in the format set by set winfmt. The following
substitutions happen in format:
%a application name (resource name)
%c resource class
%f frame number
%g gravity of the window
%h height of the window
%H unit to resize the window vertically (height_inc)
%i X Window ID
%p process ID
%l last access number
%M string Maxsize, if it specifies a maximum size
%n window number
%s window status (‘*’ is active window, ‘+’ would be chosen by
other, ‘-’ otherwise)
%S screen number
%t window name (see set winname),
%T the string “Transient”, if it is a transient window
%w width of the window
%W unit to resize the window horizontally (width_inc)
%x xine screen number
%% litteral ‘%’
Additionally there can be a positive decimal integer number
between the percent sign and the format string to specify the
length this value should be truncated to if longer. (For
example: %20t)
In non-interactive mode, output the list of windows in the cur‐
rent group line by line. The format string can be overwritten by
the optional parameter format.
VARIABLESratpoison variables can be shown and set with set. The following vari‐
ables are supported:
resizeunit pixels
Set the amount of pixels interactive resize will add/subtract in
each step.
Default is 5.
maxundos number
The maximal amount of step ratpoison can undo with the undo com‐
mand.
Default is 20.
wingravity nw | w | sw | n | c | s | ne | e | se
Set the default gravity new normal windows will get. Possible
values are the same as in the gravity command, which changes the
gravity of an existing window: cardinal points or numbers 1 to 9.
Default is nw.
maxsizegravity nw | w | sw | n | c | s | ne | e | se
Set the default gravity new self-maximized windows will get.
Possible values are the same as in the gravity command, which
changes the gravity of an existing window: cardinal points or
numbers 1 to 9.
Default is c.
transgravity nw | w | sw | n | c | s | ne | e | se
Set the default gravity new transient windows will get. Possible
values are the same as in the gravity command, which changes the
gravity of an existing window: cardinal points or numbers 1 to 9.
Default is c.
bargravity nw | w | sw | n | c | s | ne | e | se
Select the location where message and prompt bars appear.
Default is ne.
font font
Make ratpoison use font font.
padding left top right bottom
Set how much space at the borders of the screen will not be used.
Default is 0 0 0 0.
border pixels
Selects how thick the frame around windows is.
Default is 1.
barborder pixels
Selects how thick the frame around ratpoison's prompt or message
windows is.
Default is 1.
inputwidth pixels
Determine the width of the input window.
Default is 200.
barinpadding 0 | 1
If there is padding, determines whether the bar appears at the
edge of the screen (1) or at the edge of the window area (0).
Default is 0.
topkmap kmap
Make kmap the top keymap ratpoison grabs directly.
The default value is top.
waitcursor 0 | 1
Determine whether to change the rat cursor when waiting for a key
(1) or not (0) See readkey and describekey.
Default is 1.
winfmt format
Choose the default format for the the windows command.
Default is %n%s%t.
winname title | name | class
Choose what is considered the "name" of the window by ratpoison:
title The title of the window.
name The resource name of the window.
class The resource class i.e. the name of the application.
Default is title.
fgcolor color
The foreground color of the windows ratpoison creates.
Default is black.
bgcolor color
The background color of the windows ratpoison creates.
Default is white.
fwcolor color
The border color of the focused window.
Default is black.
bwcolor color
The border color of unfocused windows.
Default is black.
barpadding x y
Set horizontal padding of ratpoison windows to x and vertical
padding to y.
Default is 4 0.
winliststyle row | column
Determines whether windows are shown in rows or in columns.
Default is column.
framesels selectors
Override the frame selectors fselect uses. The first character
is the selector for the first frame, the second character is the
selector for the second frame and so on.
Using this variable, one can directly access more than 10 frames.
Default is an empty string, which is equivalent to "0123456789".
historysize number
Specify maximum number of values kept in input history.
Default is 20.
historycompaction 0 | 1
Decide if new input lines added to history delete older equal
lines from history.
Default is 1 (on).
historyexpansion 0 | 1
Decide if history expansion using ! is available. (Can only be
activated when compiled with readline's libhistory.)
Default is 0 (off).
FILES
~/.ratpoisonrc Configuration file read at startup time, if
present.
/usr/local/etc/ratpoisonrc Fallback configuration file, if
~/.ratpoisonrc is not found.
EXIT STATUS
The ratpoison utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.
AUTHORS
Upstream author is Shawn Betts ⟨sabetts@gmail.com⟩.
See the /usr/local/share/doc/ratpoison/AUTHORS file for other contribu‐
tors.
This manual page was written by Bernhard R. Link ⟨brlink@debian.org⟩.
The conversion to the mdoc(7) language (http://mdocml.bsd.lv) was done by
Jeremie Courreges-Anglas ⟨jca@wxcvbn.org⟩.
BUGS
Please report any bug you find to the ratpoison mailing-list,
⟨ratpoison-devel@nongnu.org⟩.
BSD April 29, 2024 BSD
