STRPTIME(3) OpenBSD Programmer's Manual STRPTIME(3)NAMEstrptime - converts a character string to a time value
SYNOPSIS
#include <time.h>
char *
strptime(const char *buf, const char *format, struct tm *tm);
DESCRIPTION
The strptime function converts the character string pointed to by buf to
values which are stored in the ``tm'' structure pointed to by tm, using
the format specified by format.
The format string consists of zero or more directives. A directive is
composed of either one or more whitespace characters as defined by
isspace(3), an ordinary character (neither `%' nor a whitespace), or a
conversion specification. A conversion specification consists of a
percent sign (`%') followed by one or two conversion characters which
specify the replacement required. There must be whitespace or other non-
alphanumeric characters between any two conversion specifications.
The LC_TIME category defines the locale values for the conversion
specifications. The following conversion specifications are supported:
%a the day of week, using the locale's weekday names; either the
abbreviated or full name may be specified.
%A the same as %a.
%b the month, using the locale's month names; either the abbreviated
or full name may be specified.
%B the same as %b.
%c the date and time, using the locale's date and time format.
%C the century number [0,99]; leading zeros are permitted but not
required. Note that the converted value is added to the current
value of the ``tm_year'' field (in order that the "%y" conversion
be useful).
%d the day of month [1,31]; leading zeros are permitted but not
required.
%D the date as %m/%d/%y.
%e the same as %d.
%F the date as %Y-%m-%d (the ISO 8601 date format).
%g the year corresponding to the ISO week number, without the century.
%G the year corresponding to the ISO week number, with the century.
%h the same as %b.
%H the hour (24-hour clock) [0,23]; leading zeros are permitted but
not required.
%I the hour (12-hour clock) [1,12]; leading zeros are permitted but
not required.
%j the day number of the year [1,366]; leading zeros are permitted but
not required.
%k the same as %H.
%l the same as %I.
%m the month number [1,12]; leading zeros are permitted but not
required.
%M the minute [0,59]; leading zeros are permitted but not required.
%n any whitespace.
%p the locale's equivalent of ``AM'' or ``PM''.
%r the time as %I:%M:%S %p.
%R the time as %H:%M.
%S the seconds [0,61]; leading zeros are permitted but not required.
%t any whitespace.
%T the time as %H:%M:%S.
%u the day of the week as a decimal number, where Monday = 1.
%U the week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of the week)
as a decimal number [0,53]; leading zeros are permitted but not
required. All days in a year preceding the first Sunday are
considered to be in week 0.
%V the ISO 8601:1988 week number as a decimal number. If the week
(starting on Monday) that contains January 1 has more than three
days in the new year, then it is considered the first week of the
year. If it has fewer than four days in the new year, then it is
considered the last week of the previous year. Weeks are numbered
from 1 to 53.
%w the weekday as a decimal number [0,6], with 0 representing Sunday;
leading zeros are permitted but not required.
%W the week number of the year (Monday as the first day of the week)
as a decimal number [0,53]; leading zeros are permitted but not
required. All days in a year preceding the first Monday are
considered to be in week 0.
%x the date, using the locale's date format.
%X the time, using the locale's time format.
%y the year within the current century. When a century is not
otherwise specified, values in the range 69-99 refer to years in
the twentieth century (1969 to 1999 inclusive); values in the range
00-68 refer to years in the twenty-first century (2000 to 2068
inclusive). Leading zeros are permitted but not required.
%Y the year, including the century (i.e., 1998).
%z an ISO 8601 or RFC-2822 timezone specification. This is one of the
following: the offset from Coordinated Universal Time (`UTC')
specified as: ``[+-]hhmm'', ``[+-]hh:mm'', or ``[+-]hh''; `UTC'
specified as: ``GMT'' (`Greenwich Mean Time'), ``UT'' (`Universal
Time'), or ``Z'' (`Zulu Time'); a three character US timezone
specified as: ``EDT'', ``EST'', ``CDT'', ``CST'', ``MDT'', ``MST'',
``PDT'', or ``PST'', with the first letter standing for `Eastern'
(``E''), `Central' (``C''), `Mountain' (``M'') or `Pacific'
(``P''), and the second letter standing for `Daylight' (``D'' or
summer) time or `Standard' (``S'') time; a single letter military
timezone specified as: ``A'' through ``I'' and ``K'' through ``Y''.
%Z timezone name or no characters when timezone information is
unavailable.
%% A `%' is read. No argument is converted.
There is no way to specify whether Daylight Saving Time is in effect when
calling strptime. To use the resulting tm structure with functions that
check the tm_isdst field, either set it to a negative value, which will
cause mktime(3) to attempt to divine whether Daylight Saving Time would
be in effect for the given time, or compute the value manually.
Modified conversion specifications
For compatibility, certain conversion specifications can be modified by
the E and O modifier characters to indicate that an alternative format or
specification should be used rather than the one normally used by the
unmodified conversion specification. As there are currently neither
alternative formats nor specifications supported by the system, the
behavior will be as if the unmodified conversion specification were used.
Case is ignored when matching string items in buf, such as month and
weekday names.
RETURN VALUES
If successful, the strptime function returns a pointer to the character
following the last character parsed. Otherwise, a null pointer is
returned.
SEE ALSOmktime(3), strftime(3)STANDARDS
The strptime() function conforms to X/Open Portability Guide Issue 4.2
(``XPG4.2'').
The `%G', `%g', `%u', `%V', `%Y', and `%Z' conversion specifications are
extensions.
BUGS
The %Z format specifier only accepts timezone abbreviations of the local
timezone, or the value ``GMT''. This limitation is caused by the
ambiguity of overloaded timezone abbreviations, for example EST is both
Eastern Standard Time and Eastern Australia Summer Time.
OpenBSD 4.9 January 19, 2011 OpenBSD 4.9
