TURBOSTAT(8)TURBOSTAT(8)NAMEturbostat - Report processor frequency and idle statistics
SYNOPSISturbostat [Options] command
turbostat [Options] [-i interval_sec]
DESCRIPTIONturbostat reports processor topology, frequency, idle power-state sta‐
tistics, temperature and power on modern X86 processors. Either com‐
mand is forked and statistics are printed upon its completion, or sta‐
tistics are printed periodically.
turbostat must be run on root, and minimally requires that the proces‐
sor supports an "invariant" TSC, plus the APERF and MPERF MSRs. Addi‐
tional information is reported depending on hardware counter support.
Options
The -p option limits output to the 1st thread in 1st core of each pack‐
age.
The -P option limits output to the 1st thread in each Package.
The -S option limits output to a 1-line System Summary for each inter‐
val.
The -v option increases verbosity.
The -c MSR# option includes the delta of the specified 32-bit MSR
counter.
The -C MSR# option includes the delta of the specified 64-bit MSR
counter.
The -m MSR# option includes the the specified 32-bit MSR value.
The -M MSR# option includes the the specified 64-bit MSR value.
The -i interval_sec option prints statistics every interval_sec sec‐
onds. The default is 5 seconds.
The command parameter forks command and upon its exit, displays the
statistics gathered since it was forked.
FIELD DESCRIPTIONS
pk processor package number.
cor processor core number.
CPU Linux CPU (logical processor) number.
Note that multiple CPUs per core indicate support for Intel(R) Hyper-Threading Technology.
%c0 percent of the interval that the CPU retired instructions.
GHz average clock rate while the CPU was in c0 state.
TSC average GHz that the TSC ran during the entire interval.
%c1, %c3, %c6, %c7 show the percentage residency in hardware core idle states.
CTMP Degrees Celsius reported by the per-core Digital Thermal Sensor.
PTMP Degrees Celsius reported by the per-package Package Thermal Monitor.
%pc2, %pc3, %pc6, %pc7 percentage residency in hardware package idle states.
Pkg_W Watts consumed by the whole package.
Cor_W Watts consumed by the core part of the package.
GFX_W Watts consumed by the Graphics part of the package -- available only on client processors.
RAM_W Watts consumed by the DRAM DIMMS -- available only on server processors.
PKG_% percent of the interval that RAPL throttling was active on the Package.
RAM_% percent of the interval that RAPL throttling was active on DRAM.
EXAMPLE
Without any parameters, turbostat prints out counters ever 5 seconds.
(override interval with "-i sec" option, or specify a command for tur‐
bostat to fork).
The first row of statistics is a summary for the entire system. For
residency % columns, the summary is a weighted average. For Tempera‐
ture columns, the summary is the column maximum. For Watts columns,
the summary is a system total. Subsequent rows show per-CPU statis‐
tics.
[root@sandy]# ./turbostat
cor CPU %c0 GHz TSC %c1 %c3 %c6 %c7 CTMP PTMP %pc2 %pc3 %pc6 %pc7 Pkg_W Cor_W GFX_W
0.06 0.80 2.29 0.11 0.00 0.00 99.83 47 40 0.26 0.01 0.44 98.78 3.49 0.12 0.14
0 0 0.07 0.80 2.29 0.07 0.00 0.00 99.86 40 40 0.26 0.01 0.44 98.78 3.49 0.12 0.14
0 4 0.03 0.80 2.29 0.12
1 1 0.04 0.80 2.29 0.25 0.01 0.00 99.71 40
1 5 0.16 0.80 2.29 0.13
2 2 0.05 0.80 2.29 0.06 0.01 0.00 99.88 40
2 6 0.03 0.80 2.29 0.08
3 3 0.05 0.80 2.29 0.08 0.00 0.00 99.87 47
3 7 0.04 0.84 2.29 0.09
SUMMARY EXAMPLE
The "-s" option prints the column headers just once, and then the one
line system summary for each sample interval.
[root@wsm]# turbostat-S
%c0 GHz TSC %c1 %c3 %c6 CTMP %pc3 %pc6
1.40 2.81 3.38 10.78 43.47 44.35 42 13.67 2.09
1.34 2.90 3.38 11.48 58.96 28.23 41 19.89 0.15
1.55 2.72 3.38 26.73 37.66 34.07 42 2.53 2.80
1.37 2.83 3.38 16.95 60.05 21.63 42 5.76 0.20
VERBOSE EXAMPLE
The "-v" option adds verbosity to the output:
[root@ivy]# turbostat-v
turbostat v3.0 November 23, 2012 - Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>
CPUID(0): GenuineIntel 13 CPUID levels; family:model:stepping 0x6:3a:9 (6:58:9)
CPUID(6): APERF, DTS, PTM, EPB
RAPL: 851 sec. Joule Counter Range
cpu0: MSR_NHM_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x81010f0012300
16 * 100 = 1600 MHz max efficiency
35 * 100 = 3500 MHz TSC frequency
cpu0: MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL: 0x1e008402 (UNdemote-C3, UNdemote-C1, demote-C3, demote-C1, locked: pkg-cstate-limit=2: pc6-noret)
cpu0: MSR_NHM_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x25262727
37 * 100 = 3700 MHz max turbo 4 active cores
38 * 100 = 3800 MHz max turbo 3 active cores
39 * 100 = 3900 MHz max turbo 2 active cores
39 * 100 = 3900 MHz max turbo 1 active cores
cpu0: MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS: 0x00000006 (balanced)
cpu0: MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT: 0x000a1003 (0.125000 Watts, 0.000015 Joules, 0.000977 sec.)
cpu0: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x01e00268 (77 W TDP, RAPL 60 - 0 W, 0.000000 sec.)
cpu0: MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT: 0x830000148268 (UNlocked)
cpu0: PKG Limit #1: ENabled (77.000000 Watts, 1.000000 sec, clamp DISabled)
cpu0: PKG Limit #2: ENabled (96.000000 Watts, 0.000977* sec, clamp DISabled)
cpu0: MSR_PP0_POLICY: 0
cpu0: MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT: 0x00000000 (UNlocked)
cpu0: Cores Limit: DISabled (0.000000 Watts, 0.000977 sec, clamp DISabled)
cpu0: MSR_PP1_POLICY: 0
cpu0: MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT: 0x00000000 (UNlocked)
cpu0: GFX Limit: DISabled (0.000000 Watts, 0.000977 sec, clamp DISabled)
cpu0: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x00691400 (105 C)
cpu0: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS: 0x884e0000 (27 C)
cpu0: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x88560000 (19 C +/- 1)
cpu1: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x88560000 (19 C +/- 1)
cpu2: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x88540000 (21 C +/- 1)
cpu3: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x884e0000 (27 C +/- 1)
...
The max efficiency frequency, a.k.a. Low Frequency Mode, is the fre‐
quency available at the minimum package voltage. The TSC frequency is
the nominal maximum frequency of the processor if turbo-mode were not
available. This frequency should be sustainable on all CPUs indefi‐
nitely, given nominal power and cooling. The remaining rows show what
maximum turbo frequency is possible depending on the number of idle
cores. Note that this information is not available on all processors.
FORK EXAMPLE
If turbostat is invoked with a command, it will fork that command and
output the statistics gathered when the command exits. eg. Here a
cycle soaker is run on 1 CPU (see %c0) for a few seconds until ^C while
the other CPUs are mostly idle:
[root@x980 lenb]# ./turbostat cat /dev/zero > /dev/null
^C
cor CPU %c0 GHz TSC %c1 %c3 %c6 %pc3 %pc6
8.86 3.61 3.38 15.06 31.19 44.89 0.00 0.00
0 0 1.46 3.22 3.38 16.84 29.48 52.22 0.00 0.00
0 6 0.21 3.06 3.38 18.09
1 2 0.53 3.33 3.38 2.80 46.40 50.27
1 8 0.89 3.47 3.38 2.44
2 4 1.36 3.43 3.38 9.04 23.71 65.89
2 10 0.18 2.86 3.38 10.22
8 1 0.04 2.87 3.38 99.96 0.01 0.00
8 7 99.72 3.63 3.38 0.27
9 3 0.31 3.21 3.38 7.64 56.55 35.50
9 9 0.08 2.95 3.38 7.88
10 5 1.42 3.43 3.38 2.14 30.99 65.44
10 11 0.16 2.88 3.38 3.40
Above the cycle soaker drives cpu7 up its 3.6 GHz turbo limit while the
other processors are generally in various states of idle.
Note that cpu1 and cpu7 are HT siblings within core8. As cpu7 is very
busy, it prevents its sibling, cpu1, from entering a c-state deeper
than c1.
Note that turbostat reports average GHz of 3.63, while the arithmetic
average of the GHz column above is lower. This is a weighted average,
where the weight is %c0. ie. it is the total number of un-halted
cycles elapsed per time divided by the number of CPUs.
SMI COUNTING EXAMPLE
On Intel Nehalem and newer processors, MSR 0x34 is a System Management
Mode Interrupt (SMI) counter. This counter is shown by default under
the "SMI" column.
[root@x980 ~]# turbostat
cor CPU %c0 GHz TSC SMI %c1 %c3 %c6 CTMP %pc3 %pc6
0.11 1.91 3.38 0 1.84 0.26 97.79 29 0.82 83.87
0 0 0.40 1.63 3.38 0 10.27 0.12 89.20 20 0.82 83.88
0 6 0.06 1.63 3.38 0 10.61
1 2 0.37 2.63 3.38 0 0.02 0.10 99.51 22
1 8 0.01 1.62 3.38 0 0.39
2 4 0.07 1.62 3.38 0 0.04 0.07 99.82 23
2 10 0.02 1.62 3.38 0 0.09
8 1 0.23 1.64 3.38 0 0.10 1.07 98.60 24
8 7 0.02 1.64 3.38 0 0.31
9 3 0.03 1.62 3.38 0 0.03 0.05 99.89 29
9 9 0.02 1.62 3.38 0 0.05
10 5 0.07 1.62 3.38 0 0.08 0.12 99.73 27
10 11 0.03 1.62 3.38 0 0.13
^C
NOTESturbostat must be run as root.
turbostat reads hardware counters, but doesn't write them. So it will
not interfere with the OS or other programs, including multiple invoca‐
tions of itself.
turbostat may work poorly on Linux-2.6.20 through 2.6.29, as acpi-
cpufreq periodically cleared the APERF and MPERF in those kernels.
If the TSC column does not make sense, then the other numbers will also
make no sense. Turbostat is lightweight, and its data collection is
not atomic. These issues are usually caused by an extremely short mea‐
surement interval (much less than 1 second), or system activity that
prevents turbostat from being able to run on all CPUS to quickly col‐
lect data.
The APERF, MPERF MSRs are defined to count non-halted cycles. Although
it is not guaranteed by the architecture, turbostat assumes that they
count at TSC rate, which is true on all processors tested to date.
REFERENCES
"Intel® Turbo Boost Technology in Intel® Core™ Microarchitecture
(Nehalem) Based Processors" http://download.intel.com/design/proces‐
sor/applnots/320354.pdf
"Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer's Manual Volume
3B: System Programming Guide" http://www.intel.com/products/proces‐
sor/manuals/
FILES
/dev/cpu/*/msr
SEE ALSOmsr(4), vmstat(8)AUTHOR
Written by Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
TURBOSTAT(8)
