resolver(3N)

Synopsis

#include  <sys/types.h>
#include  <netinet/in.h>
#include  <arpa/nameser.h>
#include  <resolv.h>

int
res_mkquery(op, dname, class, type, data, datalen, newrr, buf, buflen)
int op;
const char *dname;
int class, type;
const u_char *data;
int datalen;
const u_char *newrr;
u_char *buf;
int buflen;

int
res_query(dname, class, type, answer, anslen)
const char *dname;
int class, type;
u_char *answer;
int anslen;

int
res_search(dname, class, type, answer, anslen)
const char *dname;
int class, type;
u_char *answer;
int anslen;

int
res_send(msg, msglen, answer, anslen)
const u_char *msg;
int msglen;
u_char *answer;
int anslen;

int
res_init()

int
dn_comp(exp_dn, comp_dn, length, dnptrs, lastdnptr)
const char *exp_dn;
u_char *comp_dn;
int length;
u_char **dnptrs, **lastdnptr;

int
dn_expand(msg, eomorig, comp_dn, exp_dn, length)
const u_char *msg;
const u_char *eomorig;
const u_char *comp_dn;
char *exp_dn;
int length;

Description

RES_INIT

True if the initial name server address and default domain name are initialized (for example, res_init has been called).

RES_DEBUG

Print debugging messages.

RES_HOSTFIRST

Cause gethostbyname and gethostbyaddr to query /etc/hosts prior to querying the DNS.

RES_AAONLY

Accept authoritative answers only. With this option, res_send should continue until it finds an authoritative answer or finds an error. Currently this is not implemented.

RES_USEVC

Use TCP connections for queries instead of UDP datagrams.

RES_STAYOPEN

Used with RES_USEVC to keep the TCP connection open between queries. This is useful only in programs that regularly do many queries. UDP should be the normal mode used.

RES_IGNTC

Unused currently (ignore truncation errors, for example, do not retry with TCP).

RES_RECURSE

Set the recursion-desired bit in queries. This is the default. (res_send does not do iterative queries and expects the name server to handle recursion.)

RES_DEFNAMES

If set, res_search will append the default domain name to single-component names (those that do not contain a dot). This option is enabled by default.

RES_DNSRCH

If this option is set, res_search will search for hostnames in the current domain and in parent domains; see hostname(1bsd). This is used by the standard host lookup routine gethostbyname(3N). This option is enabled by default.

RES_NOALIASES

This option turns off the user level aliasing feature controlled by the HOSTALIASES environment variable. Network daemons should set this option.

The res_query function provides an interface to the server query mechanism. It constructs a query, sends it to the local server, awaits a response, and makes preliminary checks on the reply. The query requests information of the specified type and class for the specified fully-qualified domain name dname. The reply message is left in the answer buffer with length anslen supplied by the caller.

The res_search routine makes a query and awaits a response like res_query, but in addition, it implements the default and search rules controlled by the RES_DEFNAMES and RES_DNSRCH options. It returns the first successful reply.

The remaining routines are lower-level routines used by res_query. The res_mkquery function constructs a standard query message and places it in buf. It returns the size of the query or -1 if the query is larger than buflen. The query type op is usually QUERY, but can be any of the query types defined in <arpa/nameser.h>. The domain name for the query is given by dname. newrr is currently unused but is intended for making update messages.

The res_send routine sends a pre-formatted query and returns an answer. It will call res_init if RES_INIT is not set, send the query to the local name server, and handle timeouts and retries. The length of the reply message is returned or -1 if there were errors.

The dn_comp function compresses the domain name exp_dn and stores it in comp_dn. The size of the compressed name is returned or -1 if there were errors. The size of the array pointed to by comp_dn is given by length. The compression uses an array of pointers, dnptrs, to previously-compressed names in the current message. The first pointer points to the beginning of the message and the list ends with NULL. The limit to the array is specified by lastdnptr. A side effect of dn_comp is to update the list of pointers for labels inserted into the message as the name is compressed. If dnptr is NULL, names are not compressed. If lastdnptr is NULL, the list of labels is not updated.

The dn_expand entry expands the compressed domain name comp_dn to a full domain name. The compressed name is contained in a query or reply message; msg is a pointer to the beginning of the message. The uncompressed name is placed in the buffer indicated by exp_dn, which is of size length. The size of compressed name is returned or -1 if there was an error.

Files

/etc/resolv.conf

References

RFC 974, RFC 1032, RFC 1033, RFC 1034, RFC 1035, RFC 1123

Notices