HTTP::Tiny(3pm) Perl Programmers Reference Guide HTTP::Tiny(3pm)NAMEHTTP::Tiny - A small, simple, correct HTTP/1.1 client
VERSION
version 0.012
SYNOPSIS
use HTTP::Tiny;
my $response = HTTP::Tiny->new->get('http://example.com/');
die "Failed!\n" unless $response->{success};
print "$response->{status} $response->{reason}\n";
while (my ($k, $v) = each %{$response->{headers}}) {
for (ref $v eq 'ARRAY' ? @$v : $v) {
print "$k: $_\n";
}
}
print $response->{content} if length $response->{content};
DESCRIPTION
This is a very simple HTTP/1.1 client, designed primarily for doing
simple GET requests without the overhead of a large framework like
LWP::UserAgent.
It is more correct and more complete than HTTP::Lite. It supports
proxies (currently only non-authenticating ones) and redirection. It
also correctly resumes after EINTR.
METHODS
new
$http = HTTP::Tiny->new( %attributes );
This constructor returns a new HTTP::Tiny object. Valid attributes
include:
· agent
A user-agent string (defaults to 'HTTP::Tiny/$VERSION')
· default_headers
A hashref of default headers to apply to requests
· max_redirect
Maximum number of redirects allowed (defaults to 5)
· max_size
Maximum response size (only when not using a data callback). If
defined, responses larger than this will die with an error message
· proxy
URL of a proxy server to use.
· timeout
Request timeout in seconds (default is 60)
get
$response = $http->get($url);
$response = $http->get($url, \%options);
Executes a "GET" request for the given URL. The URL must have unsafe
characters escaped and international domain names encoded. Internally,
it just calls "request()" with 'GET' as the method. See "request()"
for valid options and a description of the response.
mirror
$response = $http->mirror($url, $file, \%options)
if ( $response->{success} ) {
print "$file is up to date\n";
}
Executes a "GET" request for the URL and saves the response body to the
file name provided. The URL must have unsafe characters escaped and
international domain names encoded. If the file already exists, the
request will includes an "If-Modified-Since" header with the
modification timestamp of the file. You may specificy a different
"If-Modified-Since" header yourself in the "$options->{headers}" hash.
The "success" field of the response will be true if the status code is
2XX or 304 (unmodified).
If the file was modified and the server response includes a properly
formatted "Last-Modified" header, the file modification time will be
updated accordingly.
request
$response = $http->request($method, $url);
$response = $http->request($method, $url, \%options);
Executes an HTTP request of the given method type ('GET', 'HEAD',
'POST', 'PUT', etc.) on the given URL. The URL must have unsafe
characters escaped and international domain names encoded. A hashref
of options may be appended to modify the request.
Valid options are:
· headers
A hashref containing headers to include with the request. If the
value for a header is an array reference, the header will be output
multiple times with each value in the array. These headers over-
write any default headers.
· content
A scalar to include as the body of the request OR a code reference
that will be called iteratively to produce the body of the response
· trailer_callback
A code reference that will be called if it exists to provide a
hashref of trailing headers (only used with chunked transfer-
encoding)
· data_callback
A code reference that will be called for each chunks of the
response body received.
If the "content" option is a code reference, it will be called
iteratively to provide the content body of the request. It should
return the empty string or undef when the iterator is exhausted.
If the "data_callback" option is provided, it will be called
iteratively until the entire response body is received. The first
argument will be a string containing a chunk of the response body, the
second argument will be the in-progress response hash reference, as
described below. (This allows customizing the action of the callback
based on the "status" or "headers" received prior to the content body.)
The "request" method returns a hashref containing the response. The
hashref will have the following keys:
· success
Boolean indicating whether the operation returned a 2XX status code
· status
The HTTP status code of the response
· reason
The response phrase returned by the server
· content
The body of the response. If the response does not have any
content or if a data callback is provided to consume the response
body, this will be the empty string
· headers
A hashref of header fields. All header field names will be
normalized to be lower case. If a header is repeated, the value
will be an arrayref; it will otherwise be a scalar string
containing the value
On an exception during the execution of the request, the "status" field
will contain 599, and the "content" field will contain the text of the
exception.
LIMITATIONSHTTP::Tiny is conditionally compliant with the HTTP/1.1 specification
<http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616.html>. It attempts to
meet all "MUST" requirements of the specification, but does not
implement all "SHOULD" requirements.
Some particular limitations of note include:
· HTTP::Tiny focuses on correct transport. Users are responsible for
ensuring that user-defined headers and content are compliant with
the HTTP/1.1 specification.
· Users must ensure that URLs are properly escaped for unsafe
characters and that international domain names are properly encoded
to ASCII. See URI::Escape, URI::_punycode and Net::IDN::Encode.
· Redirection is very strict against the specification. Redirection
is only automatic for response codes 301, 302 and 307 if the
request method is 'GET' or 'HEAD'. Response code 303 is always
converted into a 'GET' redirection, as mandated by the
specification. There is no automatic support for status 305 ("Use
proxy") redirections.
· Persistant connections are not supported. The "Connection" header
will always be set to "close".
· Direct "https" connections are supported only if IO::Socket::SSL is
installed. There is no support for "https" connections via proxy.
Any SSL certificate that matches the host is accepted -- SSL
certificates are not verified against certificate authorities.
· Cookies are not directly supported. Users that set a "Cookie"
header should also set "max_redirect" to zero to ensure cookies are
not inappropriately re-transmitted.
· Proxy environment variables are not supported.
· There is no provision for delaying a request body using an "Expect"
header. Unexpected "1XX" responses are silently ignored as per the
specification.
· Only 'chunked' "Transfer-Encoding" is supported.
· There is no support for a Request-URI of '*' for the 'OPTIONS'
request.
SEE ALSO
· LWP::UserAgent
SUPPORT
Bugs / Feature Requests
Please report any bugs or feature requests by email to "bug-http-tiny
at rt.cpan.org", or through the web interface at
http://rt.cpan.org/Public/Dist/Display.html?Name=HTTP-Tiny
<http://rt.cpan.org/Public/Dist/Display.html?Name=HTTP-Tiny>. You will
be automatically notified of any progress on the request by the system.
Source Code
This is open source software. The code repository is available for
public review and contribution under the terms of the license.
http://github.com/dagolden/p5-http-tiny/tree
<http://github.com/dagolden/p5-http-tiny/tree>
git clone git://github.com/dagolden/p5-http-tiny.git
AUTHORS
· Christian Hansen <chansen@cpan.org>
· David Golden <dagolden@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
This software is copyright (c) 2011 by Christian Hansen.
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.
perl v5.14.4 2012-12-19 HTTP::Tiny(3pm)