fpc(1) Free Pascal Compiler fpc(1)NAMEfpc - Free Pascal Compiler (FPC) binary
SYNOPSISfpc [options] [sourcefile]
DESCRIPTION
This binary is the main binary of the Free Pascal Compiler (FPC) which
is a Turbo Pascal and Delphi (7.0) compatible standalone (non GCC fron‐
tend) multitarget Pascal compiler.
The compiler uses LD(1) and can use AS(1) (see parameter -Aas), but
also has its own binary object writer.
The current main targets are Go32V2 (Dos DJGPP extender), Freebsd,
Linux, MacOS, MacOSX, MorphOS, Netware, OS/2 and Win32. The other tar‐
gets (M68K compilers for Atari and Amiga) are either based on older
versions of the compiler or are still in development.
This manpage is meant for quick-reference only. FPC comes with a great
(2000+ pages) manual, which is updated constantly, while this man page
can be out of date.
Version number
Starting with release 1.0, a new versioning system has been imple‐
mented. If the last number is even (1.0, 1.0.2), it is stable, and if
the last number is odd it is a daily changing development ver‐
sion.(1.0.5, 1.1) just like the linux kernel.
Version 0.99.5 however is a stable release. It was made before the
even/odd version naming system was introduced.
Usage
The compilation process is started by typing fpc followed by a source‐
file name (normally with .pas or .pp extension). Before processing the
actual processing of the source file, fpc.cfg(5) the configuration file
of the compiler is read which contains the location of the RTL, other
packages (FCL, FreeVision), and optionally default values for some
switches. See the separate manpage of fpc.cfg(5) for more information.
Options
General options
-h if you specify this option, the compiler outputs a list of all
options, and exits after that.
-? idem as -h, but waiting after every screenfull for the enter
key.
-i This option tells the compiler to print the copyright informa‐
tion.
You can give it an option, as -ixxx where "xxx" can be one of
the following:
D Returns the compiler date.
V Returns the compiler version.
SO Returns the compiler OS.
SP Returns the compiler processor.
TO Returns the target OS.
TP Returns the target Processor.
-l This option tells the compiler to print the FPC logo on standard
output. It also gives you the FPC version number.
-n Tells the compiler not to read the configuration file fpc.cfg(5)
Options for getting feedback
-vxxx Be verbose. "xxx" is a combination of the following:
e Tells the compiler to show only errors. This option is on
by default.
i Tells the compiler to show some general information.
w Tells the compiler to issue warnings.
n Tells the compiler to issue notes.
h Tells the compiler to issue hints.
l Tells the compiler to show the line numbers as it pro‐
cesses a file. Numbers are shown per 100.
u Tells the compiler to print the names of the files it
opens.
t Tells the compiler to print the names of the files it
tries to open.
p Tells the compiler to print the names of procedures and
functions as it is processing them.
c Tells the compiler to warn you when it processes a condi‐
tional.
m Tells the compiler to write which macros are defined.
d Tells the compiler to write other debugging info.
a Tells the compiler to write all possible info. (this is
the same as specifying all options)
0 Tells the compiler to write no messages. This is useful
when you want to override the default setting in the con‐
figuration file.
b Tells the compiler to show all procedure declarations if
an overloaded function error occurs.
x Tells the compiler to output some executable info (for
Win32 platform only).
r Rhide/GCC compatibility mode: formats the error differ‐
ently, so they are understood by RHIDE.
Options concerning files and directories
-exxx tells the compiler that xxx is the directory where it can find
the executables as (the assembler) and ld (the linker).
-FD same as -e.
-Fexxx This option tells the compiler to write errors, etc. to the file
xxx
-FExxx set the executable/unit output path to xxx
-Fixxx adds xxx to the path where the compiler searches for its include
files.
-Flxxx Adds xxx to the library searching path, and is passe to the
linker.
-FLxxx ( Linux only) Tells the compiler to use xxx as the dynamic
linker. Default this is /lib/ld-linux.so.2, or lib/ld-
linux.so.1, depending on which one is found.
-Foxxx Adds xxx to the object file path. This path is used when looking
for files that need to be linked in.
-Frxxx tells the compiler that xxx contains the compiler messages.
Default the compiler has built-in messages. Specifying this
option will override the default messages. (useful if you want
to use a language other than the default language).
-Fuxxx Adds xxx to the unit path. By default, the compiler only
searches for units in the current directory and the directory
where the compiler itself resides. This option tells the com‐
piler also to look in the directory xxx
-FUxxx Tells the compiler to write units in directory xxx instead of
the current directory.
-Ixxx Add xxx to the include file search path. This path is used when
looking for include files.
Options controlling the kind of output for more information on these
options, see also the programmers manual.
-a Tells the compiler not to delete the assembler file. This also
counts for the (possibly) generated batch script.
-al Tells the compiler to include the sourcecode lines in the assem‐
bler file as comments.
-an Tells the compiler to include node information in the generated
assembler file. This is mainly for use by the compiler develop‐
ers.
-ap Tells the compiler to use pipes to communicate with the assem‐
bler.
-ar Tells the compiler to include register allocation/deallocation
information.
-at Tells the compiler to include temparary register alloca‐
tion/deallocation information.
-Axxx specifies what kind of assembler should be generated . Here xxx
is one of the following :
AS A unix .o (object) file, using GNU AS
coff coff object file (go32) using internal writer.
default
Use the default writer for the current platform.
elf elf object file (linux, 32-bit only) using internal
writer.
nasmcoff
a coff file using the nasm assembler.
nasmelf
a ELF32 file (LINUX only) using the nasm assembler.
nasmobj
a obj file using the nasm assembler.
masm An obj file using the Microsoft masm assembler.
pecoff pecoff object file (win32) using internal writer.
tasm An obj file using the Borland tasm assembler.
wasm An obj file using the Watcom assembler.
-Ccxxx set the default calling convention to XXX.
-CD Create dynamic library.
-Ce Compile using emulated floating point instructions.
-Cfxxx Set the used floating point instruction set to xxx.
-Cg Generate PIC code.
-Chxxx Reserves xxx bytes heap. xxx should be between 1024 and
67107840.
-Ci Generate Input/Output checking code.
-Cn Omit the linking stage.
-Co Generate Integer overflow checking code.
-CR Verify object call validity (method calls mustbe valid).
-Cr Generate Range checking code.
-Csxxx Set stack size to xxx bytes.
-Ct generate stack checking code.
-CX Create a smartlinked library.
-dxxx Define the symbol name xxx This can be used to condition‐
ally compile parts of your code.
-E Same as -Cn.
-g Generate debugging information for debugging with GDB
-gg idem as -g.
-gd generate debugging info for dbx.
-gh use the heaptrc unit (see the units part of the FPC man‐
ual).
-gl use the lineinfo unit for line information (see the units
part of the FPC manual).
-gv Generate information for debugging with valgrind.
-gw Generate DWARF debugging information.
-Oxxx optimize the compiler's output; xxx can have one of the
following values :
g optimize for size, try to generate smaller code.
G optimize for time, try to generate faster code
(default).
r keep certain variables in registers (experimental,
use with caution).
u uncertain optimizations
1 Level 1 optimizations (quick optimizations).
2 Level 2 optimizations (-O1 plus some slower opti‐
mizations).
3 Level 3 optimizations (-O2 plus -Ou).
pn Specify processor : n can be one of
1 optimize for 386/486
2 optimize for Pentium/PentiumMMX (tm)
3 optimizations for PentiumPro / P-II / Cyrix
6x86 / K6 (tm)
The exact effect of these effects can be found in the
programmers part of the manual.
-oxxx Tells the compiler to use xxx as the name of the output
file (executable). Only with programs.
-pg Generate profiler code for gprof.
-s Tells the compiler not to call the assembler and linker.
Instead, the compiler writes a script, PPAS.BAT under
DOS, or ppas.sh under Linux, which can then be executed
to produce an executable.
-sh Tells the compiler to generate a script that can be used
to assemble and link on the host system, not on the tar‐
get system. Use this when cross-compiling.
-sr Skip register allocation stage in compiler (use with -ar)
-st Tells the compiler to generate a script that can be used
to assemble and link on the target system, not on the
host system. Use this when cross-compiling.
-Txxx Specifies the target operating system. xxx can be one of
the following:
EMX OS/2 and DOS via the EMX extender.
FREEBSD
FreeBSD
GO32V2 DOS and version 2 of the DJ DELORIE extender.
LINUX Linux.
NETBSD Netbsd.
NETWARE
Novell Netware module (clib)
NETLIBC
Novell Netware module (libc)
OPENBSD
OpenBSD
OS2 OS/2 (native mode)
SunOS Solaris SunOS
WATCOM WatCOM dos extender
WDOSX WDosX Dos extender
WIN32 Windows 32 bit.
-uxxx undefine the symbol xxx if it is defined. This is the
opposite of the -d option.
-Xx Executable options. These tell the compiler what kind of
executable should be generated. the parameter x can be
one of the following:
c (Linux only, obsolete) Link with the C library.
You should only use this when you start to port
Free Pascal to another operating system.
D Link with dynamic libraries (defines the
FPC_LINK_DYNAMIC symbol)
d Don't use the standard library path. Use this when
cross-compiling, to avoid linking with the host OS
libraries.
Pxxx Prepend the names of binutils (as, ld) with xxx.
For use when cross-compiling.
rxxx Set the library search path to xxx.
s Strip the symbols from the executable.
S Link with static libraries (defines the
FPC_LINK_STATIC symbol)
t Link statically (passes -static to the linker)
X Link smart. Using this option sets the
FPC_LINK_SMART symbol.
Options concerning the sources (language options) for more
information on these options, see also in the Programmers Manual
-Mmode Specify the language mode. mode can be one of the fol‐
lowing:
delphi Delphi-compatibility mode. This loads the objpas
unit, and switches on ansistring mode ( -Sh ).
fpc Default mode.
gpc GNU pascal mode (does nothing at the moment)
macpas Mac pascal mode. This loads the macpas unit and
switches on some Mac extensions (mainly macros)
objfpc Object Pascal mode. This loads the objpas unit.
tp Turbo Pascal mode.
-Rxxx Specifies what assembler you use in your "asm" assembler
code blocks. Here xxx is one of the following:
att Asm blocks contain AT&T assembler.
intel Asm blocks contain Intel assembler.
direct Asm blocks should be copied as-is in the assembler
file.
-S2 Switch on Delphi 2 extensions.
-Sa Generate code for assertions.
-Sc Support C-style operators, i.e. *=, +=, /= and -=.
-Sd Tries to be Delphi compatible
-Se The compiler stops after the first error. Normally, the
compiler tries to continue compiling after an error,
until 50 errors are reached, or a fatal error is reached,
and then it stops. With this switch, the compiler will
stop after the first error.
-Sg Support the label and goto commands.
-Sh use ansistrings by default.
-SIxxx Specify the kind of interfaces. xxx can be one of the
following:
COM use COM interfaces. (all interfaces descend from
IUnknown)
CORBA use CORBA interfaces. (no inheritance is supposed)
-Si Support C++ style INLINE.
-Sm Support C-style macros.
-So Try to be Borland TP 7.0 compatible (no function over‐
loading etc.).
-Sp Try to be GPC (GNU Pascal Compiler) compatible.
-Ss The name of constructors must be "init", and the name of
destructors should be "done".
-St Allow the "static" keyword in objects.
-Un Do not check the unit name. Normally, the unit name is
the same as the filename. This option allows both to be
different.
-Ur Create a release unit. This sets a special flag in the
unit, causing the compiler not to look for sources.
-Us Compile a system unit. This option causes the compiler to
define only some very basic types.
SEE ALSOfpc.cfg(5)ppdep(1)ppudump(1)ppumove(1)ptop(1)h2pas(1)ld(1)as(1)Free Pascal 22 feb 2002 fpc(1)
